Optical and infra‐red studies on high‐temperature Alkali Feldspars     

Dov Bahat 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(1):93-102

In ternary feldspars of essentially one phase, calcium content has a dominant influence on the optic axial angle. In such feldspars and also in binary feldspars from solvsbergite rocks, variations of cooling histories do not significantly affect the optic axial angle. In ternary feldspars which are unmixed into two or three prominent phases, Al/Si ordering has an important effect on the 2V value. A recent suggestion of several writers that in feldspars the alkali structural site may be partially occupied by (H3O)+ ions is applied as a possible way to explain a correlation observed between petrographical features of the rocks and the optic axial angles of their feldspar phenocrysts.  相似文献   

Phreatomagmatic boulder conglomerates at the tip of the ca 2772 Ma Black Range dolerite dyke,Pilbara Craton,Western Australia     

M. J. Van Kranendonk  W. Bleeker  J. Ketchum 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(4):617-630

Unusual volcanic conglomerates with a mixture of well-rounded granitic boulders (to 1.2 m diameter) derived from adjacent basement rocks, and smaller (1 – 10 cm) subspherical basaltic droplets with chilled margins occupy a linear zone along strike of the northern end of the Late Archaean Black Range dolerite dyke in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. The matrix of the volcanic conglomerates becomes more angular with decreasing grainsize and grades to rock flour, a trend opposite to that in sedimentary conglomerates. In other places, the matrix consists of chlorite that cuts through, and resorbs, granitic clasts, indicating an origin as volcanic melt. The volcanic conglomerates have peperitic contacts with immediately adjacent flows of the Mt Roe Basalt of the Fortescue Group. A welded volcanic tuff at the peperitic contact is dated at 2767 ± 3 Ma, within error of the 2772 ± 2 Ma Black Range dolerite dyke and the Mt Roe Basalt (2775 ± 10 Ma), confirming the contemporaneity of formation of these geological elements. Subsequent normal faulting has juxtaposed the higher level conglomerates down into their present exposure level along strike of the Black Range dolerite dyke. The linear zone of volcanic conglomerates is interpreted to represent a phreatomagmatic pebble dyke that formed immediately above, and as a result of intrusion of, the Black Range dolerite dyke. Interaction of magma with groundwater caused phreatomagmatic brecciation of the country rock, in situ milling of granitic boulders, incorporation of basaltic melt droplets, and the formation of a mixed matrix of devitrified volcanic glass and granitic material. This process was accompanied by along-strike epithermal Cu – Hg – Au mineralisation.  相似文献   

Age and significance of voluminous mafic–ultramafic magmatic events in the Murchison Domain,Yilgarn Craton     

T. J. Ivanic  M. T. D. Wingate  C. L. Kirkland  M. J. Van Kranendonk  S. Wyche 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(5):597-614

Mafic–ultramafic rocks in structurally dismembered layered intrusions comprise approximately 40% by volume of greenstones in the Murchison Domain of the Youanmi Terrane, Yilgarn Craton. Mafic–ultramafic rocks in the Murchison Domain may be divided into five components: (i) the ～2810 Ma Meeline Suite, which includes the large Windimurra Igneous Complex; (ii) the 2800 ± 6 Ma Boodanoo Suite, which includes the Narndee Igneous Complex; (iii) the 2792 ± 5 Ma Little Gap Suite; (iv) the ～2750 Ma Gnanagooragoo Igneous Complex; and (v) the 2735–2710 Ma Yalgowra Suite of layered gabbroic sills. The intrusions are typically layered, tabular bodies of gabbroic rock with ultramafic basal units which, in places, are more than 6 km thick and up to 2500 km² in areal extent. However, these are minimum dimensions as the intrusions have been dismembered by younger deformation. In the Windimurra and Narndee Igneous Complexes, discordant features and geochemical fractionation trends indicate multiple pulses of magma. These pulses produced several megacyclic units, each ～200 m thick. The suites are anhydrous except for the Boodanoo Suite, which contains a large volume of hornblende gabbro. They also host significant vanadium mineralisation, and at least minor Ni–Cu–PGE mineralisation. Collectively, the areal distribution, thickness and volume of mafic–ultramafic magma in these complexes is similar to that in the 2.06 Ga Bushveld Igneous Complex, and represents a major addition of mantle-derived magma to Murchison Domain crust over a 100 Ma period. All suites are demonstrably contemporaneous with packages of high-Mg tholeiitic lavas and/or felsic volcanic rocks in greenstone belts. The distribution, ages and compositions of the earlier mafic–ultramafic rocks are most consistent with genesis in a mantle plume setting.  相似文献   

桂东北大宁岩体中镁铁质微粒包体的混合成因——来自野外分形特征的制约     

王玲  贾小辉  王晓地  李响  牛志军 《华南地质与矿产》2013,(4):282-291

大宁岩体是一个多期次侵入的复式岩体,主要由石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩等花岗质岩石组成,其中富含镁铁质微粒包体（MME）,MME主要出露在花岗闪长岩中。花岗闪长岩中部和边部MME个数与单位测量面积的特征值（直径）之间均存在对数线性关系（p〉0．75）,表明MME一花岗质侵入岩体系为分形体。结合MME的形态、结构特征,认为大宁岩体中MME为岩浆混合成因。花岗闪长岩中部和边部MME的分维数分别是1．293和0．991,表明混合程度在空间上具有不均一性。MME长轴展布方向与寄主岩体的原生流动线理方向一致,暗示着在镁铁质岩浆注入之前,长英质岩浆已部分结晶。对流作用可能是MME分布、变形和岩浆混合程度差异的主要驱动力。  相似文献   

Petrogenesis of the ü?kap?l? Granitoid and its Mafic Enclaves in Elmal? Area (Ni?de, Central Anatolia, Turkey)     

Hüseyin KURT  Kerim KO?AK  Kür?ad ASAN  Mustafa KARAKA? 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(3):738-748

The Late Cretaceous ükapili Granitoid including mafic microgranular enclaves intruded into metapelitic and metabasic rocks, and overlain unconformably by Neogene ignimbrites in the Ni de area of Turkey. It is mostly granite and minor granodiorite in composition, whereas its enclaves are dominantly gabbro with a few diorites in composition. The ükapili Granitoid is composed mainly of quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, muscovite and minor amphibole while its enclaves contain mostly plagioclase, amphibole, minor pyroxene and biotite. The ükapili Granitoid has calcalkaline and peraluminous (A/CNK= 1.0-1.3) geochemical characteristics. It is characterized by high LILE/HFSE and LREE/HREE ratios ((La/Lu) N = 3-33), and has negative Ba, Ta, Nb and Eu anomalies, resembling those of collision granitoids. The ükapili Granitoid has relatively high 87Sr/86Sr (i) ratios (0.711189-0.716061) and low εNd (t) values (-5.13 to -7.13), confirming crustal melting. In contrast, the enclaves are tholeiitic and metaluminous, and slightly enriched in LILEs (K, Rb) and Th, and have negative Ta, Nb and Ti anomalies; propose that they were derived from a subduction-modified mantle source. Based on mineral and whole rock chemistry data, the ükapili granitoid is H-(hybrid) type, post-collision granitoid developed by mixing/mingling processes between crustal melts and mantle-derived mafic magmas.  相似文献   

The Reaction Kinetics between CO2-bearing Fluid and Olivines/Hawaiian Picrites     

WANG Zhengrong  QIU Lin  ZHANG Shuang  KARATO Shun-ichiro  Kevin JOHNSON  Jay AGUE  Michael ORISTAGLIO  Edward BOLTON  David BERCOVICI 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):967-968

  相似文献   

南海北部珠江口—琼东南盆地地壳速度结构与几何分层   总被引：9，自引：6，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

张中杰  刘一峰  张素芳  张功成  范蔚茗 《地球物理学报》2009,52(10):2461-2471

基于南海北部大陆边缘珠江口—琼东南盆地深水区实施的14条近垂直深反射地震探测叠加速度谱,利用Dix公式将叠加速度剖面转换为地壳层速度剖面,并利用时深转换方法构建了深度域地壳层速度模型,综合各地壳速度剖面分析了南海北部大陆边缘珠江口与琼东南盆地不同深度层次的P波速度变化趋势以及地壳几何分层特征.结果表明,琼东南盆地区可分为4～8 km沉积层（V_P为1.7～4.7 km/s）、4～10 km厚的上地壳层（V_P为5.2～6.3 km/s）、5 km〗左右的下地壳层（V_P为6.4～7.0 km/s）以及2～6 km厚的高速下地壳底层（V_P＞7.0 km/s）.V_P＞7.0 km/s下地壳高速层的存在被认为是岩石圈伸展、下地壳底部底辟构造或者是残存的原始华夏下地壳基性层的地震学指示;综合研究区地球物理探测成果构建了跨越华南大陆与南海北部陆坡区剖面莫霍和岩石圈底界图像,揭示出岩石圈上地幔在华南大陆与南海北部大陆边缘的减薄特征.  相似文献   

试论大火成岩省与成矿作用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

肖龙  Franco Pirajno  何琦 《高校地质学报》2007,13(2):148-160

根据组成大火成岩省的岩浆类型不同,大火成岩省可以分为两类,一是以基性火成岩为主的镁铁质大火成岩省（MLIPs）,二是以酸性火成岩为主的长英质大火成岩省（SLIPs）。它们都是由于在异常高的地幔热流参与下导致地幔或地壳大规模熔融形成的。大火成岩省独特的巨量岩浆活动是引起多层次物质和能量交换的重要场 所。成矿物质的聚集导致成矿作用和矿床的形成是必然的,因此大火成岩省本身就是一个大成矿系统。在这个成矿系统中,由于物源、成分、温度、压力、流体和氧逸度等条件的差异性,形成不同种类的矿化和矿床,并构成一定的成矿系列。镁铁质大火成岩省中形成的矿床类型有岩浆硫化物型Cr-Cu-Ni-PGE矿床和Ti-Fe 氧化物型V-Ti-Fe 矿床,热液型的Cu-Pb-Zn-Au-Ag矿床,以及远程低温热液矿床等。长英质大火成岩省形成的矿床类型为岩浆和交代型、热液型Cu-Pb-Zn-Au-Ag,W-Sn,U-Th-REE矿床,以及Sb-As矿床等。加强对大火成岩省及其成矿机理的研究,有望形成新的成矿理论和加速超大型矿床的发现。  相似文献   

冀西北石榴基性麻粒岩中辉石的演化及其地质意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

耿元生  沈其韩 《岩石学报》2000,16(1):29-38

冀西北石榴基性麻粒岩中的辉石可分为三个世代。第一世代的单斜和斜方辉石包裹于石榴石变斑晶中, 它们形成的温压条件为 T=750～830℃, P=1.0～1.26GPa。第二世代的单斜和斜方辉石分布于基质中, 它们和斜长石常构成120°交角的稳定共生结构, 形成条件 T=780～860℃, P=0.83～0.92GPa。第三世代的辉石产于石榴石的冠状反应边内, 形成条件 T=720～750℃, P=0.554～0.679GPa。从第一世代单斜辉石到第三世代单斜辉石, 它们的Al  相似文献   

徐淮地区镁铁质岩石捕虏体单斜辉石中石榴石和石英的出溶   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

王清海  许文良  王冬艳  林景仟  刘晓春 《高校地质学报》2002,8(4):407-415

徐淮地区早侏罗世侵入杂岩中榴辉岩,石榴辉石岩和单斜辉石岩捕虏体单斜辉石中可以观察丰富的出溶石英针和石榴石,黝帘石及角闪石的出溶叶片,榴辉岩中出溶石英针的绿辉石核部比其边部相对富含FeO和MgO,贫SiO2,Al2O3和CaO。在石榴辉石岩和单斜辉石岩捕虏体中具有出溶石榴石的单斜辉石。从靠近出溶石榴石的一侧向其核部,Al2O3,Na2O和TiO2含量降低,MgO,SiO2和CaO含量增加,单斜辉石中定向石英针的出溶表明曾经存在有超高压条件下（≥25×10^8Pa)稳定的过硅质绿辉石。单斜辉石中出溶石榴石表明温压条件的降低可能是引起出溶的一个主要原因,捕虏体中的矿物组合和岩相学特征表明它们曾经遭受了榴辉岩相和角闪岩相退化变质作用,这与因压力和温度降低引起矿物出溶的结果相吻合。  相似文献