On the distribution of atoms in magmatic systems: Normal geochemical law     

B. Choubert  L. Zanone 《Mathematical Geology》1976,8(4):349-374

A chemical analysis gives a solid base for a study of the distribution of elements in magmatic systems. Development of groups of constituent elements leads to the appearance of regularities which are translated by such close correlations that values for average rock compositions may be calculated using regression lines. These lines are divided into three segments corresponding to granitoids, gabbroids, and dunitoids. This normal geochemical law is not only valid for the average values obtained statistically but also for those obtained from petrographical families resulting from mineralogical classifications. The law also is true for the correlations: valencies/volumes and valencies/theoretical densities. The existence of such a law governing the fundamental geochemical equilibria enables deductions and comparisons to be made with the composition of regional series.  相似文献   

基于变换域方法抑制线性调频干扰的GPS接收机设计     

谭文群  芦莉  侯友国 《全球定位系统》2012,37(3):45-48

GPS接收机的信号通常很微弱,很容易受到有意或无意的干扰。对于线性调频干扰,在GPS接收机中很难用单一的时域或频域方法消除,因为线性调频干扰不同于一般的宽带或窄带干扰。另外线性调频干扰在变换域有不同于GPS C/A码的显著特征,基于此特点设计了一种在变换域抑制线性调频干扰的GPS接收机。分析了线性调频干扰在变换域的特征,仿真结果验证了这种设计方法的可行性。  相似文献   

Decompression and H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O exsolution driven crystallization and fractionation: development of a new model for low-pressure fractional crystallization in calc-alkaline magmatic systems     

James Gerald Brophy 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2009,157(6):797-811

Magma ascent, decompression-induced H₂O exsolution and crystallization is now recognized as an important process in hydrous subduction zone magmas. During the course of such a process calculations suggest that the ascent rate of a degassing and crystallizing mafic magma will be greater than crystal settling velocities. Thus, any crystals formed as a consequence of volatile exsolution will remain suspended in the magma. If the magma erupts before the percentage of suspended crystals reaches the critical crystallinity value for mafic magma (~55 vol.%) it will produce the commonly observed crystal rich island arc basalt lava. If the magma reaches its critical crystallinity before it erupts then it will stall within the crust. Extension of compaction experiments on a 55 vol.% sand-Karo syrup suspension at different temperatures (and liquid viscosities) to the likely viscosities of interstitial andesitic to dacitic liquid within such a stalled magma suggest that small amounts (up to ~10%) can be expelled on a time scale of 1–10 years. The expelled liquid can create a new intermediate to silicic body of magma that is related to the original mafic magma via fractional crystallization. The short time scale for liquid expulsion indicate that decompression-induced H₂O exsolution and crystallization can be an important mechanism for fractional crystallization. Based on this assumption a general model of decompression-induced crystallization and fractionation is proposed that explains many of the compositional, mineralogical and textural features of Aleutian (and other andesites).  相似文献   

Principal faults in the Shatsky Rise and their influence upon the evolution of the geological structure in the East Black Sea Region     

A. L. Meysner 《Moscow University Geology Bulletin》2009,64(4):214-219

A fault was traced along the southwestern margin of the Shatsky Rise. It extends to land where it crosses the Mountainous Crimea. Interpretation and analysis of marine seismic and magnetic survey data, as well as geological data on land, allow stating that the fault originated during the rift evolution stage of the East Black Sea Basin. Currently, the fault is in the sea and is a channel for migrating hydrocarbon fluids. Another fault was traced from the West Caucasus into the sea, where it separates the Shatsky Rise into two structural units.  相似文献   

西藏西部与班公湖特提斯洋盆俯冲相关的火成岩年代学和地球化学   总被引：32，自引：1，他引：31  

曲晓明  王瑞江  辛洪波  赵元艺  樊兴涛 《地球化学》2009,38(6):523-535

对青藏高原西北部班公湖缝合带开展了野外地质调查,初步查明区内缝合带至少包含日土和狮泉河-改则两条蛇绿岩带。在两条蛇绿岩带北侧发现各有两期岛弧型岩浆岩发育,且形成时间严格对应。岩石地球化学分析表明,班公湖缝合带岛弧型岩浆岩的共同特征是富集大离子不相容元素Rb、Th、K和Pb;强烈亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta和Ti;Ba在微量元素蛛网图中总是相对亏损,这些特征说明班公湖地区存在两条俯冲带。从演化序列看,俯冲初期岩石属中钾钙碱性系列,之后岛弧岩浆作用向高钾钙碱性系列演变。锆石U—PbLA—ICPMS定年结果表明,北面的日土俯冲带洋壳俯冲从辉长岩墙开始,时代为（165．5±1．9）Ma（MSWD=1．16）,在159Ma时岛弧岩浆作用规模增大,形成小型的花岗岩基;南面的狮泉河-改则俯冲带一开始俯冲（（166．4±2．0）Ma,MSWD=3．0）就有较大规模的石英闪长岩体侵入,之后岩浆作用减弱,到159．4Ma时只有一些小体积的花岗斑岩和闪长玢岩侵入。根据岛弧岩浆作用规模,认为班公湖中特提斯洋盆的俯冲一开始是以狮泉河俯冲带为主,之后狮泉河俯冲带的俯冲作用逐渐减弱。到晚侏罗世初（159Ma）北面的日土俯冲带成为洋壳俯冲的主体。鉴于两条岛弧火成岩带在空间配置上都位于由基性-超基性岩构成的蛇绿岩带北侧,地球化学上显示陆缘弧特征,因此,认为班公湖中特提斯洋盆应该是在中侏罗世晚期（约166Ma）沿日土和狮泉河两条俯冲带同时向北俯冲,构造属性上可能不是一个统一的大洋,而是包含了多个局限性洋盆。  相似文献   

岩浆成矿体系的热演化和剥露史的数字模拟     

傅清平  BrentI.A.Mclnnes  PeterJ.Davies 《地球科学》2004,29(5):555-562

通过对岩浆冷却过程的数字模拟研究,揭示出岩浆在冷却成矿过程中的温度分布和变化规律及影响因素．在此基础上,进一步应用高精度的温龄计组合来限定岩浆成矿体系的热演化和剥露历史,精确地计算出岩浆的初始侵位时间和深度、矿物结晶时间、冷却速率、冷却和暴露地表时间,以及剥露和剥蚀速率等重要参数,并将模拟结果应用于斑岩铜矿床的成矿研究中．研究表明,将精确的年龄测试手段与计算机模拟技术相结合,可为定量研究岩浆矿床的热演化和剥露史、深入了解矿床的成因机制提供一种有效方法．  相似文献   

华南地区锡多金属矿床空间数据统计分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李林  罗郧 《地质科技情报》2004,23(2):94-98

基于MAPGIS系统平台空间分析方法的特点, 以华南地区的锡多金属矿床为空间分析对象,对锡多金属矿床的分布态势及有利成矿地层、构造、岩浆岩等要素的相关对象属性进行了统计分析, 初步总结出华南地区燕山期和晋宁期岩浆岩、泥盆系和侏罗系地层及NE向或NEE向断裂带等有利因素的叠加复合部位是寻找锡多金属矿床的有利成矿条件组合标志, 为成矿预测及相关区域找矿工作的部署提供了量化依据.  相似文献   

Growth and provenance of a Paleozoic subduction complex in the Broken River Province,Mossman Orogen: evidence from detrital zircon ages     

R. A. Henderson  C. L. Fergusson 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2019,66(5):607-624

A Paleozoic subduction complex dominates the Mossman Orogen developed at the northern extremity of the Tasmanides, eastern Australia. Its southern part, displayed in the Broken River Province, is characterised by dismembered ocean-plate stratigraphy in which turbidite-dominated packages and widespread tectonic mélange development are characteristic. The Broken River complex is characterised by formations with quartzose sandstone alternating with those largely formed of sandstone of more labile character. The two compositional groups are considered to reflect separate, age-significant sedimentary regimes, but their ages have hitherto been poorly constrained. With the use of 1082 concordant detrital zircon ages from 13 samples we provide age control for the complex and track its sedimentary provenance. Of quartzose units, the Tribute Hills Arenite and Pelican Range Formation are late Cambrian–Early Ordovician, and the Wairuna Formation is Middle to Late Ordovician, in age. The more labile units (Greenvale, Perry Creek and Kangaroo Hills formations) are collectively of late Silurian–mid-Devonian age. Development of the complex spanned some 130 Myr. Continent-derived sediment involved in accretion of much the complex, from mid-Ordovician to mid-Devonian, was largely sourced from a nearby magmatic arc of late Cambrian–Devonian age, now represented by granitoid plutons of the Macrossan and Pama igneous associations. An older far-field Pacific-Gondwana sediment source is characteristic of early-phase (late Cambrian–Early Ordovician) accretion, in common with sedimentary units of this age generally developed in the Tasmanides. We consider the complex to have grown largely by underplating that positioned younger components beneath those that are older, with out-of-sequence thrust interleaving of these components occurring late in the accretionary history. A Late Devonian contractional folding and cleavage development (Tabberabberan orogenesis) is uniformly expressed across the entire complex and reflects an abrupt change in plate engagement with imposition of a compressional stress regime.  相似文献   

云南腾冲全新世火山岩岩浆演化和岩石成因     

杨逸云  赵志丹  雷杭山  武精凯  苗壮  张双全  陈玲  季宏伟 《岩石学报》2019,35(2):472-484

腾冲火山岩区是我国全新世以来记载火山喷发的少数地区之一,该地区岩浆作用的性质与成因是揭示青藏高原东缘的现今侧向生长过程与深部作用的重要依据。本文对腾冲火山岩区的马鞍山、黑空山、打鹰山全新世火山岩开展了矿物化学和岩石地球化学研究,以期揭示岩石成因和深部动力学过程。腾冲全新世火山岩主体岩性为高钾钙碱性系列的玄武粗安岩和粗安岩。岩石的Ca O、Fe_2O_3~T、Ti O_2与Si O_2负相关,而K_2O与Si O_2正相关,表明岩浆演化过程中可能存在橄榄石、辉石和斜长石的分离结晶作用。岩石中存在酸性斜长石(更长石,An=28)大颗粒捕掳晶,其边部发育了基性斜长石(拉长石,An=65)增生边;在大颗粒石英捕掳晶的边部发育了辉石的反应边,这些结构表明在岩浆上升到地壳浅部时,曾受到了花岗岩围岩的混染,但岩石的Th/Nb值均小于1.16,表明地壳混染总体不显著。腾冲全新世火山岩大离子亲石元素富集、高场强元素相对亏损,高Th/U、低Ba/La,富集Sr-Nd同位素,其岩浆源区应为经历过洋壳沉积物交代后的富集地幔。腾冲火山岩属于大陆板内环境,是印度与亚洲大陆碰撞后岩浆作用的产物。火山岩是沿着腾冲盆地南北向展布,且熔岩分布面积有限。由于高原侧向生长过程中的区域性走滑断裂会引起局部的伸展,腾冲火山岩产出可能与富集岩石圈地幔的减压熔融有关。  相似文献   

冈底斯岩浆弧东端石榴斜长角闪岩的晚白垩世岩浆与变质作用记录及构造意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

牛志祥  张泽明  丁慧霞  陈言飞  张宁  李文坛 《岩石学报》2019,35(2):376-386

冈底斯岩浆弧位于青藏高原拉萨地体南部,形成在新特提斯洋向北俯冲的安第斯型造山和印度与欧亚大陆碰撞的喜马拉雅型造山过程中,是研究青藏高原中-新生代构造演化的理想地区。本文对冈底斯岩浆弧东端石榴斜长角闪岩进行了岩石学、相平衡模拟以及锆石U-Pb年代学研究。石榴斜长角闪岩主要由石榴石、角闪石、斜长石、绿帘石、白云母和石英组成,含少量金红石和钛铁矿,具有基性岩浆岩的化学成分。相平衡模拟结果表明,石榴斜长角闪岩经历了高压麻粒岩相变质作用和部分熔融,峰期变质作用的温度和压力条件为～820℃和～1.67GPa,形成深度相当于55km。石榴斜长角闪岩中的锆石具有继承的岩浆核和变质边。锆石岩浆核具有条带状环带,相对高的HREE含量(平均值为1150×10~(-6))和高的Th/U比值(0.51～0.95),给出了90.4±1.7Ma(MSWD=0.32)的原岩结晶年龄。锆石的变质边不具环带,具有较低的HREE含量(平均值为58.5×10~(-6))和低的Th/U比值(0.29～0.40),给出了86.7±5.7Ma(MSWD=0.15)的变质年龄。本文研究结果表明,冈底斯岩浆弧东端晚白垩世辉长岩经历了近侵入同期的高压高温变质作用和部分熔融,大体积幔源岩浆的底垫和增生导致岩浆弧发生了显著的新生地壳生长和加厚。  相似文献