上海纺织服装制造业空间格局演化及机制     

张定  朱胜清  曹卫东  杨迎 《热带地理》2013,33(6):720-730

纺织服装制造业作为我国参与国际竞争与合作的传统产业,其在城市内部的空间分布格局正呈现出新的特征。基于微观企业数据,运用圈层分析、热点分析和核密度估计方法,探究上海大都市区纺织服装制造业空间格局形成及演化规律。结果表明：1）上海纺织服装制造业企业布局的郊区化趋势明显,布局热点区从中心城区及近郊区向远郊区转移。2）境外、合资企业主要分布在近郊区,且空间位置变化不明显,相对前两者,在远郊区内资企业布局强度显著提升;大型企业主要分布在城市中心区东北部,以及交通便捷的近郊区和地方中心区,中型企业在分布范围和郊区分布的强度上均大于大型企业,小微型企业在远郊区分布密度趋于增强,且明显高于大中型企业。3）格局演化的主要影响机制包括：历史积淀、区位条件变迁、金融危机和政策调控、规划引导。  相似文献   

沈阳市装备制造业集群发展研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王泽宇  韩增林 《世界地理研究》2008,27(3):140-149

本文以沈阳市为例,运用主成分分析的方法研究装备制造业综合发展水平,用区位熵、罗仑兹曲线、集中化指数等方法研究沈阳市装备制造业的集群状况,用投入产出法研究沈阳市装备制造业集群对生产性服务业的需求状况。得出以下结论：①沈阳市装备制造业的发展整体上呈上升趋势,在2001—2005年期间,2002年综合发展水平最低,2004年综合发展水平最高。在构成装备制造业的各产业中,除电子机械制造业以外,都是装备制造业发展的重要组成部分。②沈阳市装备制造业具有产业聚集效应。沈阳市装备制造业应以通用设备制造业、专业设备制造业、交通运输制造业为支柱和增长点,构建装备制造业基地,带动其他类别装备制造业及相关产业的发展与振兴,并最终发展和完善装备制造业产业集群。③沈阳市装备制造业虽然具有一定规模的集聚优势,但没有形成各类型企业密切合作和分工完善的网络体系,并不能真正发挥产业集群优势。影响装备制造业集群创新的主要原因是地方企业配套网络组织体系尚未形成和创新要素的缺乏。④沈阳市对生产性服务业的投入远不能适应装备制造业集群发展的要求,滞后于装备制造业的发展。生产性服务业的发展可以降低装备制造业集群的交易成本,为其提供必要的智力服务和劳动力资源,有助提升装备制造业集群竞争力。沈阳市应在发展装备制造业的同时,大力发展生产性服务业,通过生产性服务业的发展,促进产业链向高端发展,提升装备制造业集群的发展水平。  相似文献   

上海外资生产空间演变及影响因素   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

赵新正  宁越敏  魏也华 《地理学报》2011,66(10):1390-1402

利用2004 年经济普查数据对上海制造业外资企业的空间分布、区位选择及其空间效应进行了研究。空间分布结果表明,20 世纪90 年代以来,上海外资企业在分布上表现出明显的郊区化和向近郊区局部地区(尤其是园区和新城) 集聚的特征,并形成了沪西南、浦东和沪西北3 大集聚区;制造业外资企业的分散和集聚推动了上海外资生产空间的郊区化重组。对制造业外资企业区位选择影响因素的分析显示：上海制造业外资企业区位选择是经济全球化与地方政府互动的过程;具体来说,传统区位因素作用在逐渐减弱,制度因素和集聚因素的作用在不断增强;制度因素内部产业优惠政策对外资的吸引力强于空间优惠政策,而国家级园区优惠政策对制造业外资企业(尤其是高技术外资企业) 的吸引力则强于市级园区,上述研究对上海未来的产业及外资引进政策都具有重要的参考意义。  相似文献   

福建省制造业内部产业结构评价与演变趋势     

陈科比  杨成凤 《热带地理》2016,36(5):815-822

采用Gibbs-Mirtin 多样化指数和区位熵、产值贡献率,对福建省2005―2013 年20 个制造业行业面板数据进行了测算,并从产业部门多样化和优势产业专业化2 个角度对福建省制造业产业结构特点及演变规律进行了分析。研究表明：福建省制造业产业多样化水平逐年提升,全省产业朝多部门均衡发展;各个制造业专业化发展水平存在差异,化学纤维制造业、通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业等行业专业化水平高,行业优势明显;全省20 个制造业总体产业优势不明显,研究时段内区位熵始终≥1 的行业仅占35%,对全省20 个制造业产值贡献达46.71%;非金属矿物制品业及农副食品加工业等新的优势产业及潜力产业涌现,关联产业优势程度成对上升,产业专业化发展形势良好。  相似文献   

矿用高强度钻杆关键制造工艺技术分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

田东庄 《探矿工程》2009,36(7):43-45

在瓦斯抽采钻孔施工过程中,钻杆承受复杂交变应力的作用,往往从焊缝区断裂,选用合理的摩擦焊接工艺和热处理工艺生产钻杆,增强钻杆焊缝区的机械性能,是延长钻杆服役时间的有效技术途径。  相似文献   

Maquiladora Myths: Locational and Structural Change in Mexico's Export Manufacturing Industry     

《The Professional geographer》2013,65(3):315-331

Trends in location, labor force, and procurement practices in maquiladoras are examined using recent data sources. A growing proportion of maquiladoras are selecting interior locations, south of the borderlands. Once dominated by young women, the labor force is rapidly approaching gender parity. While far below prevailing rates in the United States, maquiladora wages are comparable with equivalent manufacturing sectors in Mexico. Majority ownership of maquiladoras is split almost evenly between Mexico and the U.S., however, maquiladoras have failed to develop domestic sources of materials and parts and remain dependent on imported material inputs. As the North American Free Trade Agreement is phased in, the regulatory environment of maquiladoras will change but their role as low cost assembly specialists will persist.  相似文献   

EXTERNAL CONTROL OF NONMETROPOLITAN INDUSTRY IN KENTUCKY     

《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):332-342

The organizational separation of management and other quaternary activities from production operations in American manufacturing has resulted in a divergent pattern of production and headquarter locations. We examine the external control relationships that arise from this separation between headquarter location and branch plant operations in nonmetropolitan Kentucky. Although corporate headquarters have diffused to the Sunbelt, no shift was found in the corporate control of branch plants in Kentucky. Nonmetropolitan manufacturing in Kentucky was oriented toward the metropolitan centers of the traditional manufacturing belt rather than the newer corporate centers of the South. Also control relationships are more likely to be local among smaller factories. Large plants having more autonomy in production or producing finished goods were more likely to be owned by a distant firm located in a large SMSA.  相似文献   

Industrial Land Development and Manufacturing Deconcentration in Greater Jakarta     

Delik Hudalah  Dimitra Viantari  Tommy Firman  Johan Woltjer 《Urban geography》2013,34(7):950-971

Abstract

Industrial land development has become a key feature of urbanization in Greater Jakarta, one of the largest metropolitan areas in Southeast Asia. Following Suharto's market-oriented policy measures in the late 1980s, private developers have dominated the land development projects in Greater Jakarta. The article investigates the extent to which these private industrial centers have effectively reduced the domination of Jakarta in shaping the entire metropolitan structure. The analysis indicates that major suburban industrial centers have captured most of the manufacturing employment that has dispersed from Jakarta. The industrial centers have now increasingly specialized and diversified. It is likely that a polycentric metropolitan structure will emerge in the future.  相似文献   

Postindustrial Manufacturing in a Sunbelt Metropolis: Where Are Factories Located in Phoenix?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

《Urban geography》2013,34(8):898-926

Manufacturing establishments are integral to the spatial structure of fast-growing Sunbelt metropolitan areas, but most concepts and theories of intrametropolitan location were largely developed for an earlier technological era and different spatial contexts. This article investigates the location of nine disaggregated manufacturing sectors in Phoenix, Arizona, showing varying degrees of central core concentration and metropolitan-wide clustering. Distinct sectoral co-location patterns are also evident. We interpret our results as evidence that the intrametropolitan location of postindustrial manufacturing is best understood as a series of spatial distributions with varying concentration, centralization, clustering, and other order-based characteristics. There is little evidence that randomly scattered discrete industrial zones have developed nor that spatial patterns are uniform. Enduring lock-in effects tied to transportation infrastructure are pivotal to understanding the locational distribution of manufacturing industries in metropolitan Phoenix. Results do not support a hypothesis that a positive relationship exists between establishment size and distance from sectoral mean centers.  相似文献   

优化开发区域制造业企业迁移的因素及其区域影响——以广东东莞市为例   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

梁育填  樊杰  柳林  张有坤  陈小良 《地理研究》2013,32(3):497-506

优化开发区域是区域发展的较高级阶段,其内部企业迁移的规律比较复杂。选择制造业发达地区——广东东莞市为案例区,采取半结构式访谈法和调查问卷法探讨优化开发区域制造业企业迁移的影响因素及其区域影响。研究表明,现阶段东莞市劳动密集型企业迁出和资本技术密集型企业迁入并存,劳动密集型企业迁出是要素成本、环境管制、区域依赖性和地方政府博弈相互作用的结果,而产业基础、区域创新要素、产业政策和区域软环境等因素促进资本技术密集型企业的迁入;企业迁移可以促进区域产业升级转型,提高区域生产空间质量和优化区域国土空间结构。  相似文献