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41.
Direct Determination of Lead Isotope Ratios by Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry in Lake Sediment Samples 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sébastien Aries Mikael Motelica-Heino Rémi Freydier Thierry Grezes Mireille Polvé 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2001,25(2-3):387-398
A direct method for the determination of lead isotopic ratios by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-quadrupole mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-QMS) is presented. Samples of lake sediments were ground and pressed as pellets before being analysed. Mass bias was corrected by analysing an external calibration sample manufactured with pure silica doped with NIST SRM 981 solution. The efficiency of the mass bias correction was checked by comparing the ICP-MS data with lead isotopic ratios determined by thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (TIMS). The average long term reproducibilities were 0.40%, 0.40%, 0.20% and 0.30% (RSD) respectively for the 206 Pb/204 Pb, 207 Pb/204 Pb, 206 Pb/207 Pb and 208 Pb/206 Pb ratios. The method was applied to the study of lake sediment samples, in order to determine the amount and origin of historical contamination by lead. 相似文献
42.
Boron and Oxygen Isotope Composition of Certified Reference Materials NIST SRM 610/612 and Reference Materials JB-2 and JR-2 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Simone Kasemann Anette Meixner Alexander Rocholl Torsten Vennemann Martin Rosner Axel K. Schmitt Michael Wiedenbeck 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2001,25(2-3):405-416
We present data on the concentration, the isotope composition and the homogeneity of boron in NIST silicate glass reference materials SRM 610 and SRM 612, and in powders and glasses of geological reference materials JB-2 (basalt) and JR-2 (rhyolite). Our data are intended to serve as references for both microanalytical and wet-chemical techniques. The δ11 B compositions determined by N-TIMS and P-TIMS agree within 0.5% and compare with SIMS data within 2.5%. SIMS profiles demonstrate boron isotope homogeneity to better than δ11 B = 2% for both NIST glasses, however a slight boron depletion was detected towards the outermost 200 μm of the rim of each sample wafer. The boron isotope compositions of SRM 610 and SRM 612 were indistinguishable. Glasses produced in this study by fusing JB-2 and JR-2 powder also showed good boron isotope homogeneity, both within and between different glass fragments. Their major element abundance as well as boron isotope compositions and concentrations were identical to those of the starting composition. Hence, reference materials (glasses) for the in situ measurement of boron isotopes can be produced from already well-studied volcanic samples without significant isotope fractionation. Oxygen isotope ratios, both within and between wafers, of NIST reference glasses SRM 610 and SRM 612 are uniform. In contrast to boron, significant differences in oxygen isotope compositions were found between the two glasses, which may be due to the different amounts of trace element oxides added at ten-fold different concentration levels to the silicate matrix. 相似文献
43.
Wei Yanping 《安徽地质》1994,(4)
该类型矿床形成过程，主要可划分为火山喷流沉积和潜火山气液叠加改造两大成矿、蚀变期。从破火山口演化规律入手，分析研究了环形火山构造对矿床形成的制约作用。 相似文献
44.
Microorganisms resistant to 1–500 ppm cadmium were isolated over an 11 month period from sediments at the sewage sludge, dredge spoils and industrial acid waste disposal sites, as well as at an estuarine outflow to the New York Bight apex. Tests for antibiotic resistance in these isolates revealed that 94% of the isolates were resistant to one or more antibiotics and that 91% of the original isolates could be characterized by multiple drug resistance. Different selective pressures may account for the various genera and antimicrobial resistance patterns observed. The possibility of extrachromosomal linkage of cadmium and streptomycin resistance is discussed. 相似文献
45.
Ismaı̈la Ngounouno Bernard Déruelle Daniel Demaiffe Raymond Montigny 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(3):289-296
Dykes of monchiquites of Cainozoic age (37.5±2.3 Ma) are intrusive in Cretaceous sandstones in the Tchircotché area, Upper Benue valley (northern Cameroon). The differentiation of the monchiquites is explained by crystal fractionation of olivine, clinopyroxene, magnetite, ilmenite and apatite. A studied rock has low Sr-isotope ratio , which is similar to those of the alkali basalts of the Cameroon Line. Therefore the continental crust appears to have no significant role in the genesis of the monchiquites. 相似文献
46.
47.
Assessments of climate change face the task of making information about uncertainty accessible and useful to decision-makers. The literature in behavior economics provides many examples of how people make decisions under conditions of uncertainty relying on inappropriate heuristics, leading to inconsistent and counterproductive choices. Modern risk communication practices recommend a number of methods to overcome these hurdles, which have been recommended for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessment reports. This paper evaluates the success of the most recent IPCC approach to uncertainty communication, based on a controlled survey of climate change experts. Evaluating the results from the survey, and from a similar survey recently conducted among university students, the paper suggests that the most recent IPCC approach leaves open the possibility for biased and inconsistent responses to the information. The paper concludes by suggesting ways to improve the approach for future IPCC assessment reports. To cite this article: A. Patt, S. Dessai, C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005). 相似文献
48.
Francis Amédro Hugues Accarie et Francis Robaszynski 《Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae》2005,98(2):151-167
Resume. Deux coupes de la Formation Bahloul en Tunisie centrale ont livré plus de 250 ammonites qui fondent une zonation en quatre
termes allant du Cénomanien terminal (Zones à Metoicoceras geslinianum et à Pseudaspidoceras pseudonodosoides) au Turonien basal (Zones à Watinoceras spp et à Pseudaspidoceras flexuosum). La position de la limite Cénomanien-Turonien (C-T) étant définie par l’apparition de Watinoceras spp, cette limite est placée à 0,60m près dans la localité-type de la Formation à l’Oued Bahloul. Sur les deux coupes étudiées
des mesures du carbone isotopique ont mis en évidence quatre événements – ou pics en δ13C – formant des lignes temporelles considérées comme synchrones dans la région considérée. L’événement δ13C indexé III, d’age encore cénomanien, est le plus proche de la limite C-T. Un événement biologique relatif à l’apparition
de ?filaments? – ou microlamellibranches pélagiques – toujours cénomanien, est encore plus proche de la limite C-T. Enfin,
une comparaison est tentée avec les Marnes à Plenus d’Eastbourne (UK) et avec le stratotype de la limite C-T à Pueblo (USA).
Manuscrit re?u le 15 octobre, 2004 Révision acceptée le 2 février, 2005 相似文献
49.
Antonio Tadeu dos Reis Christian Gorini Alain Mauffret Wiktor Weibull 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(2):143-150
The Marseilles (also called Marseilles/Planier) and Grand Rhone sedimentary ridges, offshore the Gulf of Lions, western Mediterranean Sea, are generated by sediment spillover funnelled by the Marseilles and Grand-Rhone canyons, respectively. We show that the Marseilles and Grand-Rhone canyon directions are tectonically conditioned by Plio-Quaternary salt-induced sea-floor relief. Overburden extension in the area created an assemblage of listric faults running parallel to the strike of the continental margin. This salt-induced topography resulted in accentuated fault scarps impacting the sea-floor morphology and forcing submarine valleys to deflect to the east. Gravity-induced extension equally influenced the morphological pattern of the valley overbanking deposits. Sediment spillover occurred on both flanks of the canyons, but because active faulting generated space accommodation for overflow deposits, it inhibited the development of typical levee morphology along the canyons' left flanks. To cite this article: A.T. dos Reis, C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004). 相似文献
50.
Éric Chaumillon Hervé Gillet Nicolas Weber Michel Tesson 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(2):119-126
The evolution and the internal architecture of an estuary type sand ridge has been studied with a set of bathymetric data recorded during the last two centuries and with a dense grid of recent very high resolution seismic profiles. Bathymetric data of the so-called, Longe de Boyard sand ridge, displays sand losts due to wave and tide erosion. Internal geometry, through seismic profile analysis, indicates two main phases of deposition recording both, a recent high energy environment and an older low energy one, respectively. Such an evolution is believed to record changes in sedimentation processes mainly related to the end of the Holocene transgression (8 000–5 000 yr BP). To cite this article: É. Chaumillon et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 119–126. 相似文献