Pre-stressed anchoring beam technique applicable in the reinforcement of high-steep slopes     

Zhifa YANG Luqing ZHANG Jiewang ZHU 《东北亚地学研究》2006,9(2):213-216

During the construction of some large-scale rock engineering, high-steep slopes and insufficient slope stability induced by unloading fissures are often encountered. For the reinforcement of these slopes, some techniques （including conventional pre-stressed anchoring cable and unconventional anchoring hole） are usually uti- lized, however, having several obvious defects. Thus, it is very difficult for a designer to design an efficient reinforcement scheme for the high-steep slopes. For this reason, the authors develop the pre-stressed anchoring beam technique, in which tensile capacity of pre-stressed structures are fully utilized. It is analyzed that the new technique is characterized by multi-functions, including engineering investigation, efficient reinforcement, drainage, monitoring and urgent strength supplement, and hoped to be extensively applicable in the reinforcement of high-steep slopes.  相似文献   

The Philippine National Collection of Microorganisms (PNCM): Repository of microbial diversity of the country     

R. G. Monsalud  F. O. Magbanua  M. P. Parungao  C. G. B. Banaay  M. H. D. Bayer  J. K. Yap  L. M. Tapay 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2002,1(1):101-104

The prime function of the Philippine National Collection of Microorganisms (PNCM), being the national repository of microbial strains, is to collect and preserve strains for their continued viability and availability for future use. To date, a total of 2144 strains of bacteria (1357), yeasts (250), filamentous, fungi (377), algae (14), and strains still to be identified (146) are maintained at the PNCM. These are preserved and maintained using various methods which include modified liquid drying (lyophilization), ultra-low temperature (−70°C) storage in 10% glycerol, storage in sterile soil, distilled water and overlaying with mineral oil. Periodic viability testing is done to assess the stability of these preserved cultures under storage. Aside from preservation and maintenance of cultures, the PNCM is also involved in several research activities. One of these is the isolation, characterization and identification of some Vibrio isolates from the Philippines. Details on this particular study is presented in this report.  相似文献   

Influence of macroinvertebrates on physico‐chemical and microbial processes in hyporheic sediments     

Florian Mermillod‐Blondin  Jean‐Paul Gaudet  Magali Grino  Gaston Desrosiers  Michel Creuz des Chtelliers 《水文研究》2003,17(4):779-794

The objective of this study was to measure the effects of invertebrates on the physical characteristics and microbial processes in hyporheic sediments. We investigated the impacts of an assemblage of three taxa (asellids, chironomid larvae, and tubificid worms) on sediment distribution, water fluxes, sediment organic carbon, biofilm (attached bacteria) characteristics, and O₂, dissolved organic carbon NO₃^?, NO₂^?, and NH₄⁺ concentrations in slow filtration sand–gravel columns. The results showed that invertebrates clearly modified the distribution of particles in the sediment column, probably because of the structures (tubes, macropores, and faecal pellets) produced by the three taxa in the sediment. Our assessment of water fluxes indicated that invertebrate activities led to an increase in the porosity of the sediment columns. In addition, aerobic (O₂ consumption) and anaerobic (denitrification and fermentative decomposition of organic matter) microbial processes occurring in the sediment were stimulated in the presence of invertebrates. Finally, the present study demonstrates that invertebrates can act as ecosystem engineers in heterogeneous sediments that are under the influence of an advective flux of water. The solute residence time increased in columns containing the faunal assemblage. Micro‐organisms used more dissolved organic matter and nutrients in the presence of invertebrates because invertebrate activities increased the contact between the biofilm and water. We conclude that engineering by invertebrates in natural conditions modifies characteristics of the hyporheic zone and thereby enhances both the porosity of the sediment and the solute transport across the benthic interface. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A three dimensional embedded beam element for reinforced geomaterials     

Machhour Sadek  Isam Shahrour 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2004,28(9):931-946

This paper presents the formulation and verification of a 3D embedded beam element, which is intended for numerical modelling of three dimensional problems concerned by reinforced geomaterials. This element permits analysis of reinforced geomaterial structures with simplified meshes, that do not need to account for reinforcement orientation. The paper is composed of four sections. Section 1 discusses the need for the development of a particular beam element for soil reinforcement, which can be easily used in practical applications. Section 2 describes the mathematical formulation of this element, while Section 3 deals with its verification on various examples. Section 4 illustrates an application of this element by analysing the behaviour of a group of micropiles containing inclined elements and subjected to lateral loading. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

贺兰山地区中元古代微生物席成因构造   总被引：23，自引：2，他引：21  

史晓颖  王新强  蒋干清  刘典波  高林志 《地质论评》2008,54(5):577-586

贺兰山中段中元古界黄旗口组石英砂岩中发现丰富的微生物席成因构造(MISS),包括由微生物席生长、破坏和腐烂过程形成的3种类型、9种不同形态的构造;与华北大红峪组发现的同类构造在成因类型与多样性方面具有很强的可对比性.砂岩中发育双向交错层理、冲洗层理、高角度单斜层理系和波痕,泥质粉砂岩夹层中发育波痕与泥裂,表明微生物席主要发育于潮间带上部至潮上带下部环境.MISS构造在华北地台长城系下部砂岩中的广泛存在表明在1.6 Ga前以蓝细菌为主的微生物群在环潮坪碎屑环境也很活跃.可能代表了微生物由海洋向陆地环境发展的过渡阶段.具光合作用功能的制氧蓝细菌的蓬勃发展可能是引发中元古代海洋化学条件发生转变、含氧量增高的重要原因,并为真核生物及宏观藻类的兴起创造了条件.研究表明,黄旗口组与华北大红峪组大致同时,反映了Columbia超大陆裂解期华北地台开始拉伸-张裂、缓慢沉降的构造古地理背景.  相似文献   

江汉复兴I号断块近地表石油微生物勘探研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

袁志华  张杨  张玉清 《地质论评》2008,54(5):641-644

油气微生物勘探,作为一种新的油气勘探技术,因其快速而多解性小,日益受到勘探界的重视。通过对江汉复兴I号断块的油气微生物勘探研究,不仅对研究区内的S4正钻井成功地进行了快速评价,而且圈定了最有利富集区,同时,指明了勘探方向可向南部转移。最后,通过对研究区长期跟踪研究表明,在油气微生物勘探之后所完钻的12口井中,其含油情况均与微生物异常结果相符,充分展示了油气微生物勘探新技术的巨大应用前景。  相似文献   

Microbial Mats in the Mesoproterozoic Carbonates of the North China Platform and Their Potential for Hydrocarbon Generation   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

史晓颖  张传恒  蒋干清  刘娟  王议  刘典波 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2008,19(5):549-566

The well-preserved Mesoproterozoic succession in the North China platform consists mainly of three llthological associations including peritidal quartz sandstone, shallow marine and lagoonai dark to black shales, and shallow epeiric carbonates, with a total thickness of up to 8 000 m. In addition to well-documented microplants, macroalgae, and microbial buildups, abundant microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) and mat-related sediments have been recognized in these rocks. Intensive microbial mat layers and MISS are especially well preserved in the carbonates of the upper Gaoyuzhuang (高于庄) (ca. 1.5 Ga) and lower Wumishan (雾迷山) (ca. 1.45 Ga) formations, Indicating diversified microbial activities and a high organic production. In these petrified blomats, putative microbial fossils (both coccoidal and filamentous) and framboidal pyrites have been identified. The abundance of authigenic carbonate minerals in the host rocks, such as, acicular aragnnites, rosette barites, radial siderites, ankerites, and botryoidai carbonate cements, suggests authigenlc carbonate precipitation from anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) under anoxic/euxinic conditions. Warm climate and anoxic/euxinic conditions in the Mesoproterozoic oceans may have facilitated high microbial productivity and organic burial in sediments. Although authigenic carbonate cements may record carbonate precipitation from anaerobic methane oxidation, gas blister (or dome) structures may indicate gas release from active methanogenesls during shallow burial Bituminous fragments in mat-related carbonates also provide evidence for hydrocarbon generation. Under proper conditions, the Mesoproterozoic mat-rich carbonates will have the potential for hydrocarbon generation and serve as source rocks. On the basis of petrified biomats, a rough estimation suggests that the Mesoproterozoic carbonates of the North China platform might have a hydrocarbon production potential in theorder of 10×108t.  相似文献   

极地冰川底部微生物多样性及对气候变化响应的研究概况及其前景          下载免费PDF全文

马红梅闫文凯  程永前张宇肖湘  史贵涛孙波 李院生 《极地研究》2017,29(1):1-10

极地冰盖/冰川底部微生物的生命形态特征及其适应机制研究是当前最前沿的方向之一。越来越多的研究表明: 极地冰盖/冰川底部存在液态水和有机质, 可以为微生物生存提供生境。此外, 微生物参与冰盖/冰川底部地球化学风化过程, 对受气候变化驱使的环境变化尤为敏感。围绕着极地冰川底部微生物多样性及其对气候变化响应的研究主题, 重点介绍极地冰川底部微生物的生命形态特征、可能来源、所参与的地球化学反应机制以及与C、N循环的相互作用。旨在为未来关于冰川底部的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

钢花管注浆加固在高速公路边坡挡墙病害防治中的应用研究     

王华俊  徐洪科  董理金 《地质灾害与环境保护》2016,(3):92-95

高速公路建设期间,挡墙作为边坡加固方式之一得到了普遍应用,但随着高速公路运营时间增长,由于前期设计、施工、养护等原因,边坡挡墙病害不断增多,其安全问题成为了公路运营过程中亟待解决的难题。钢花管注浆加固能够起到加固岩土体、增强抗滑能力,而嵌入地层的钢花管又能起到锚固桩作用,是较好的边坡病害处治方法,但目前在运营高速公路挡墙病害防治中的研究应用相对较少。文章以浙江省某高速公路K298边坡挡墙为例,根据边坡的地质条件及挡墙病害情况采用钢花管注浆加固,并确定了合理的注浆压力、扩散半径及注浆孔间距。工程实践结果表明该方法是一种经济适用、施工简便的挡墙病害处治措施。  相似文献   

输变电杆塔基础边坡加固防护方法分析     

潘明波  董理金  王鑫国  邱昌巍  彭蛟 《地质灾害与环境保护》2016,(1):98-103

输变电杆塔基础施工过程中经常会遇到人工开挖边坡,且有其行业特点,若发生灾害将会造成不同程度的影响,如增加工程造价、延长工期,甚至危害到人民生命财产安全。文章总结了输变电杆塔基础边坡的加固防护方法,包括坡率法、坡面防护与绿化、支挡加固、排水工程等,最后对不同方法的优缺点及适用范围进行评价,为今后边坡加固防护提供参考。  相似文献