副热带高压自身变化周期和形态结构对入梅的影响   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

刘梅  韩桂荣  张备  金小霞 《气象科学》2013,33(4):430-435

针对2010年江淮入梅预报出现偏差情况,利用2008、2010、2011年降水实况资料和6-7月NCEP再分析资料,分析了预报出现偏差的原因,讨论了副热带高压水平移动和垂直结构对降水落区的影响,分析了局地入梅的预报方法和参考指标.研究发现:副热带高压(以下简称“副高”)和南亚高压的自身双周振荡规律在预报中不可忽略,在对大尺度系统和较长时间系统的变化判断时,高层系统的预报可信度可能更高.另外,在对梅雨预报时,副高垂直结构的变化对降水落区有一定影响,当500 hPa副高脊线越过20°N,副高脊线自上而下向南倾斜时,底层脊线在20°N以南,不利于江淮地区降水发生.副高上下结构垂直度较大时,利于降水落区北移.副高西脊点自高空到低空呈自西向东倾斜,500 hPa西脊点偏西也不利于江淮梅雨期的开始.  相似文献   

雷暴大风环境特征及其对风暴结构影响的对比研究   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

王秀明  周小刚  俞小鼎 《气象学报》2013,71(5):839-852

2009年6月3日,受冷涡后部次天气尺度横槽的影响,在相邻的两个区域先后出现雷暴大风天气,造成两地强风的风暴类型、地面大风分布及灾害程度差异显著。风暴结构分析表明:产生晋陕大风的雷暴类型为一般单体风暴和脉冲风暴,而产生商丘致灾大风的则为典型的弓形回波。结合观测和数值模拟资料分析产生上述两类雷暴大风的环境要素,并构建其环境温、湿度廓线,结果表明:(1)晋陕大风区环境探空温、湿度廓线呈倒V形,为典型的干下击暴流探空廓线,类似探空在中国西部高原地区夏季常见;(2)商丘雷暴大风区环境温、湿度廓线类似典型湿下击暴流探空。数值模拟给出了典型的一般单体特征结构,老雷暴单体出流在其前方触发新单体。在中低层相对干的环境下多个对流单体的冷下沉形成冷池,强风由对流单体下沉辐散气流叠加在冷池密度流上造成。两类雷暴大风环境风垂直切变特点为:深层环境风垂直切变较弱、强水平风垂直切变集中在中低层。数值模拟表明:在这种风垂直切变配置下,低层湿度成为风暴结构的决定因素:中-高湿度环境下形成高度组织化的飑线,且其单体具有较强中层旋转;低湿度环境下产生组织程度差的一般单体和脉冲风暴,并基于高分辨率数值模式模拟结果给出了环境影响风暴结构的物理图像。  相似文献   

基于DDS技术的Loran—C信号源的杂散信号抑制的分析与实现     

皇甫江  华宇  李实锋 《时间频率学报》2014,(1):41-48

采用直接数字频率合成（DDS）技术设计的Loran—C信号源,具有输出杂散多且难以预测的缺点。基于对DDS基本原理的研究分析,针对DDS输出信号存在的相位舍位杂散问题,对其关键部位的相位累加模块进行优化设计,并基于FPGA技术,在QuartusII环境下完成了对Loran．C信号源的实现与仿真验证。结果表明,通过优化的设计算法能够产生失真小,稳定度好的输出波形,从而验证了该方法抑制杂散的有效性与可行性。  相似文献   

Brief history of ground-based very high energy gamma-ray astrophysics with atmospheric air Cherenkov telescopes     

《Astroparticle Physics》2014

The discovery of the Crab Nebula as the first source of TeV gamma rays in 1989, using the technique of ground-based imaging air Cherenkov telescope, has marked the birthday of observational gamma astronomy in very high energy range. The team led by Trevor Weekes, after twenty years of trial and error, success and misfortune, step-by-step improvements in both the technique and understanding of gamma shower discrimination methods, used the 10 m diameter telescope on Mount Hopkins in Arizona, and succeeded measuring a 9σ signal from the direction of Crab Nebula. As of today over 160 sources of gamma rays of very different types, of both galactic and extra-galactic origin, have been discovered due to this technique. This is a really fast evolving branch in science, rapidly improving our understanding of the most violent and energetic sources and processes in the sky.The study of these sources provides clues to many basic questions in astrophysics, astro-particle physics, physics of cosmic rays and cosmology. Today’s telescopes, despite the young age of the technique, offer a solid performance. The technique is still maturing, leading to the next generation large instrument. This article is devoted to outlining the milestones in a long history that step-by-step have made this technique emerge and have brought about today’s successful source hunting.  相似文献   

Integer‐ambiguity resolution in astronomy and geodesy     

A. Lannes  J.‐L. Prieur 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2014,335(2):198-209

Recent theoretical developments in astronomical aperture synthesis have revealed the existence of integer‐ambiguity prob‐lems. Those problems, which appear in the self‐calibration procedures of radio imaging, have been shown to be similar to the nearest‐lattice point (NLP) problems encountered in high‐precision geodetic positioning and in global navigation satellite systems. In this paper we analyse the theoretical aspects of the matter and propose new methods for solving those NLP problems. The related optimization aspects concern both the preconditioning stage, and the discrete‐search stage in which the integer ambiguities are finally fixed. Our algorithms, which are described in an explicit manner, can easily be implemented. They lead to substantial gains in the processing time of both stages. Their efficiency was shown via intensive numerical tests. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

高重频激光测距数据处理方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙宝三  张忠萍杨福民 《中国科学院上海天文台年刊》2006,(1):129-135

该文探讨了高重频激光测距工作中的数据处理问题。该数据处理采用了屏幕显示以及数学分析方法,以剔除卫星激光测距数据中的观测异常值,提取有效的数据点,并最终生成标准点数据。通过对奥地利GRAZ激光测距站高重频数据资料的处理表明,该数据处理方法是有效的。  相似文献   

Sharp images of young stellar objects     

N. Ageorges  A. Eckart  R. Hofmann 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,224(1-2):411-414

We present high resolution infrared images of the pre-main sequence star V536 Aql and polarization maps of the reflection nebula IRN Cha observed with the SHARP camera on the ESO NTT. Extended structures are observed near V536 Aql. The polarization pattern of IRN Cha is typical of a centrally illuminated source but with a central band of anomalously oriented polarization believed to occur in an optically thick disk.  相似文献   

RFI Test Observations at a Candidate Ska Site in China     

B. Peng  J. M. Sun  H. Y. Zhang  T. Y. Piao  J. Q. Li  L. Lei  T. Luo  D. H. Li  Y. J. Zheng  R. NAN 《Experimental Astronomy》2004,17(1-3):423-430

Radio frequency interference (RFI) test observations were carried out at one of the candidate Square Kilometre Array (SKA) sites in Guizhou province, following the “RFI Measurement Protocol for Candidate SKA Sites” (hereafter RFI protocol). All data (raw and calibrated) are preserved in some suitable format, such as that set by the international RFI working group of the Site Evaluation and Selection Committee (SESC). An RFI test in December 2003 was performed according to Mode 1 of the RFI Protocol, in order to identify technical difficulties which might arise during a co-ordinated RFI measurement campaign over a period of 1 year. In this paper we describe the current equipment, observational technique and data presentation. The preliminary results demonstrate that the RFI situation at Dawodang depression in Guizhou province makes it quite a promising location for the proposed SKA. Furthermore, the first session of the RFI monitoring program, which was made in May 2004, showed that a complete RFI measurement including both modes 1 and 2 of the RFI Protocol would take about 2 weeks. The possible ways to minimize some limitations of the current equipment are also discussed, which will enable us to meet the RFI protocol.  相似文献   

实时相关跟踪图像处理系统     

林佳本  邓元勇  胡柯良  艾国祥 《天文研究与技术》2006,3(4):345-354

文章介绍了怀柔太阳观测基地最近完成的一套实时高分辨太阳磁场观测系统。系统采用局部相关跟踪算法来提高磁场观测数据的空间分辨率，同时对相关跟踪算法的实现程序进行了优化以满足常规太阳磁场观测的要求。通过对试观测和常规观测数据的分析，我们发现：1）该系统能够大大提高单色像、磁场数据的对比度和空间分辨率；2）对相关跟踪算法的优化大大提高了系统的时间分辨率，系统可以投入常规观测使用。  相似文献   

Colour-differential interferometry for the observation of extrasolar planets     

M. Vannier  R. G. Petrov  B. Lopez  F. Millour 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,367(2):825-837

We present the high angular resolution technique of colour-differential interferometry for direct detection of extrasolar giant planets (EGPs). The measurement of differential phase with long-baseline ground-based interferometers in the near-infrared could allow the observation of several hot giant extrasolar planets in tight orbit around the nearby stars, and thus yield their low- or mid-resolution spectroscopy, complete orbital data set and mass. Estimates of potentially achievable signal-to-noise ratios are presented for a number of planets already discovered by indirect methods. The limits from the instrumental and atmospheric instability are discussed, and a subsequent observational strategy is proposed.  相似文献