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991.
湿地专题图的更新无论是对湿地研究还是湿地管理和保护都具有重要价值。但是由于湿地本身具有显著的时空动态性和空间异质性特征,使得大空间范围湿地专题图的更新面临着周期长、时效性差的挑战。为应对这一挑战,实现大空间范围湿地地图的快速更新,本文提出一种通过提取历史湿地专题图中的信息,对新遥感影像进行自动化的湿地分类制图方法——"迭代解译再组织" IIR (Iterative Interpretation and Reorganization)。针对湿地空间异质性强、稳定样本获取困难等特点,IIR方法通过分别获取不同湿地类型的空间信息和类别属性两个步骤完成湿地的自动更新。为验证该方法在大空间范围湿地图更新中的应用效果,随机选取了位于高海拔地区、高纬度地区、低纬度地区和滨海地区等不同自然地理环境的4个湿地保护区(若尔盖湿地保护区、莫莫格湿地保护区、鄱阳湖湿地保护区和黄河三角洲湿地保护区)进行验证。结果表明IIR方法的湿地制图的总体精度在70%—90%,总体上优于传统监督分类方法。IIR方法对于大的时空尺度背景下湿地专题图更新面临的高时空动态特征具有较好的解决能力。 相似文献
992.
Yi-Ping Wang Kuo-Wei Chang Rong-Kuen Chen Jeng-Chung Lo Yuan Shen 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2010
Ability to make large-area yield prediction before harvest is important in many aspects of agricultural decision-making. In this study, canopy reflectance band ratios (NIR/RED, NIR/GRN) of paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) at booting stage, from field measurements conducted from 1999 to 2005, were correlated with the corresponding yield data to derive regression-type yield prediction models for the first and second season crop, respectively. These yield models were then validated with ground truth measurements conducted in 2007 and 2008 at eight sites, of different soil properties, climatic conditions, and various treatments in cultivars planted and N application rates, using surface reflectance retrieved from atmospherically corrected SPOT imageries. These validation tests indicated that root mean square error of predicting grain yields per unit area by the proposed models were less than 0.7 T ha−1 for both cropping seasons. Since village is the basic unit for national rice yield census statistics in Taiwan, the yield models were further used to forecast average regional yields for 14 selected villages and compared with officially reported data. Results indicate that the average yield per unit area at village scale can be forecasted with a root mean square error of 1.1 T ha−1 provided no damaging weather occurred during the final month before actual harvest. The methodology can be applied to other optical sensors with similar spectral bands in the visible/near-infrared and to different geographical regions provided that the relation between yield and spectral index is established. 相似文献
993.
This study is aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of the large scale LAI inversion algorithms using red and near infrared reflectance obtained from high resolution satellite imagery. Radiances in digital counts were obtained in 10 m resolution acquired on cloud free day of August 23, 2007, by the SPOT 5 high resolution geometric (HRG) instrument on mostly temperate hardwood forest located in the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence forest in Southern Quebec. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), scaled difference vegetation index (SDVI) and modified soil-adjusted vegetation index (MSAVI) were applied to calculate gap fractions. LAI was inverted from the gap fraction using the common Beer–Lambert's law of light extinction under forest canopy. The robustness of the algorithm was evaluated using the ground-based LAI measurements and by applying the methods for the independently simulated reflectance data using PROSPECT + SAIL coupled radiative transfer models. Furthermore, the high resolution LAI was compared with MODIS LAI product. The effects of atmospheric corrections and scales were investigated for all of the LAI retrieval methods. NDVI was found to be not suitable index for large scale LAI inversion due to the sensitivity to scale and atmospheric effects. SDVI was virtually scale and atmospheric correction invariant. MSAVI was also scale invariant. Considering all sensitivity analysis, MSAVI performed best followed by SDVI for robust LAI inversion from high resolution imagery. 相似文献
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995.
作物LAI的遥感尺度效应与误差分析 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
以黑河中游盈科绿洲为研究区, 利用Hyperion高光谱数据, 采用双层冠层反射率模型(ACRM)迭代运算反演LAI; 通过LAI的均值化(LAImean)以及Hyperion数据反射率线性累加反演LAI(LAIp), 定量分析LAI反演的尺度效应; 从模型的非线性和地表景观结构的空间异质性2个方面分析引起反演误差的原因, 并在LAI-NDVI回归方程的基础上利用泰勒展开的方法对低分辨率数据反演结果进行了误差纠正。结果表明, 地表景观结构的空间异质性是造成多尺度LAI反演误差的关键因素, 通过泰勒展开式能很好地实现大尺度数据LAI反演结果的误差纠正。 相似文献
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中比例尺地形图数字化方法研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
魏旭东 《测绘与空间地理信息》2006,29(1):57-59
针对1∶5000和1∶10000比例尺地形图地形、地物要素的类型、特点、分类编码、图式符号、数字化方法、开发技术等问题进行了深入的研究,探索在AutoCAD平台下开发中比例尺地形图数字化软件,实现中比例尺地形图的定位、数据编辑、交互及批量符号化处理、自动绘制格网图廓等工作,实践证明该方法具有操作简便、地物符号齐全、图形美观、规范,实用性强等特点。 相似文献
1000.
ROBERT ANDRLE 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1996,21(10):955-962
Mandelbrot (Science, 1967, 156, 636–638) used the west coast of Britain as an example of a naturally occurring statistically self-similar fractal. Evidence from this study indicates that the west coast of Britain is not statistically self-similar over the range of scale of measurement, and that complexity reaches maxima at characteristic scales related to identifiable features on the coastline. A fractal analysis is conducted using the divider method, and although the resulting log–log plot of measured length against steplength appears linear, statistical tests for linearity strongly suggest that the coastline is not statistically self-similar. An angle measure technique (AMT) developed by the author to examine changes in line complexity with scale, shows that within the range of scale of measurement there are two peaks in complexity for the west coast of Britain, suggesting that two processes acting at different scales have influenced coastal development. The AMT is also used to identify differences in complexity between northern and southern sections of the coastline. Additionally, high r2 values associated with regressions of log L(G) against log G are shown to be insufficient evidence of statistical self-similarity, and apparently linear segments (fractal elements) often found in Richardson plots may contain systematic curvature revealed only by more rigorous tests for non-linearity. 相似文献