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991.
长湖浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为研究长湖浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子间的关系,于2012年4月至2013年1月进行了4次调查采样。共鉴定出浮游动物67种(不包括原生动物),以轮虫种类为主(42种),其丰度与生物量均占据较大优势。浮游动物丰度的季节性差异显著,夏季最高(4412ind./L),冬季最低(831ind./L)。季节间的物种更替率大于59%,但优势种种类的季节变化不明显。优势种共8种,均为轮虫,萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachiouns calyciflorus)、针簇多枝轮虫(Polyarthra trigla Ehrenberg)是四个季节均出现的优势种,P.trigla Ehrenberg的优势度与出现频率均是各个季节的最大值,各季节这两种优势种的丰度和在总丰度的占比均超过59.13%。依据Shannon指数、Pielou指数、Margalef指数评价长湖水体处于中度污染,肥度指数评价长湖处于富营养状态。相关性分析、多元逐步回归方程、冗余分析的结果显示:水温是影响长湖浮游动物群落结构季节变化的关键因子;浮游植物表征含量chl a也是影响长湖浮游动物群落结构的关键因子,总氮、总磷通过影响浮游植物的群落结构间接地影响浮游动物的组成;能耐受较高p H的B.calyciflorus在长湖碱性水体中有较好的适应性;夏季马洪台区较低的溶解氧一定程度上限制了该区域轮虫的生长,总悬浮物通过降低溶解氧对浮游动物产生间接作用;化学需氧量对P.trigla Ehrenberg、螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)等耐污种的影响较大,并对浮游动物的丰度产生正向作用。 相似文献
992.
基于势流理论采用时域高阶边界元方法建立了模拟非线性波浪与淹没水平双、三圆柱作用的数值水槽模型,其中采用混合欧拉-拉格朗日方法更新自由水面,四阶Runga-Kutta方法进行时间步进。利用两点法分离得到潜体下游高阶自由波,进而研究潜体间距、布置形式等对高倍频自由波的影响。同时在物理水槽内开展多潜体高阶谐波物理模型试验,并将试验结果与数值结果进行对比,吻合较好。研究发现:淹没双圆柱下游高阶谐波幅值随潜体间距呈现周期性振荡变化,其振荡的重现距离约为波长一半。而淹没三圆柱下游的高阶谐波随第一个间距呈周期性振荡变化,随第二个间距的增大而减小。 相似文献
993.
Female ornaments signal own and offspring quality in a sex‐role‐reversed fish with extreme male parental care 下载免费PDF全文
Although female ornaments have been described in many taxa, the full spectrum of information conveyed by such traits together with the potential male fitness benefits are far from fully understood. Here, we used a sex‐role‐reversed species, the black‐striped pipefish, Syngnathus abaster, where females are the ornamented sex and intensively compete for mates who present an extreme form of paternal care (male pregnancy). We investigated what information is conveyed by female traits and if males are using it during mate choice. We further assessed which traits would reflect offspring quality at birth. We found that although body length generally portrays information on female reproductive potential (gonadosomatic index and oocyte diameter), it does so indirectly. Different aspects of the female traits, such as stripe width and trunk broadness, were found to be better direct indicators. When size is kept constant, males prefer females with wider stripes. Moreover, stripe coloration was found to reflect offspring quality as darker‐striped females produced larger newborns. Our observations suggest that in a species with exclusive paternal care, independently from the male's direct investment in reproduction, female contribution decisively impacts male fitness. Thus, at least in sex‐role‐reversed species such as the black striped pipefish, female ornaments can be selected in an analogous way to those of males in species with conventional sex roles (i.e. by mate choice). 相似文献
994.
Soft computing tools in the form of combination of multiple nonlinear regression and M5'' model tree were used for estimation of overtopping rate at the vertical coastal structures. For reliable and precise estimation of overtopping rate, the experimental data available in the database CLASH were used. The dimensionless overtopping rate was estimated in terms of conventional dimensionless parameters including the relative crest freeboard Rc/Hs, seabed slope tanθ, deep water wave steepness Som, surf similarity ξom and local relative water depth ht/Hs. The accuracy of the new model was compared with other existing models and also evaluated with some field measurements. The results indicated that the model presented in this paper is more accurate than other existing models. With statistical parameters, it is shown that the accuracy of predictions in the new model is better than that of other models. 相似文献
995.
在地震资料采集时,受地表条件、震源等因素的影响,几乎无法采集到近偏移距数据,不利于后续数据的处理。针对这一问题,研究了一种利用多次波和二维匹配滤波的近偏移距数据重构方法。首先给出了由表层多次波构建准一次波的互相关方法;然后在时间-空间滑动窗口内利用准一次波计算二维匹配滤波器,并用该滤波器重构近偏移距数据;最后使用均方根振幅校正方法校正重构数据的振幅。整个数据重构的过程在频率域进行,避免了基于维纳滤波方法求取滤波器的大量计算;同时使用快速傅里叶变换算法,提高了计算效率。与一维匹配滤波的近偏移距重构方法相比,采用二维匹配滤波方法的重构数据在空间上连续性更好。通过对Sigsbee 2B数据的处理及实际资料的测试,验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。 相似文献
996.
K. Ram Chandar V. R. Sastry Chiranth Hegde Srisharan Shreedharan 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2017,12(3):207-214
Ground vibrations produced from blasting operations cause structural vibrations, which may weaken structure if it occurs at the resonant frequency. Measurable parameters associated with ground vibrations are peak particle velocity (PPV), amplitude and dominant frequency (frequency of highest PPV amongst translational, vertical and horizontal vibrations). In this paper, an attempt is made to correlate measurable parameters associated with ground vibrations with scaled distance. Using the correlated data, it was found that a predictor equation can be determined for the amplitude and PPV, but not for dominant frequency as it is dynamic and depends upon infinitesimal changes that occur within a number of other parameters. Another analysis of the same is made using multiple linear regression analysis. This included predicting the PPV using scaled distance, maximum charge per delay, amplitude as predictors. A considerable improvement is seen in the prediction on adding the interaction of the predictors in multiple regressions. A comparison of different combination of predictors is made so as to assess the best combination giving the best R2 value for the given mine. Frequency is also plotted using the aforementioned method. However, it was found that the dominant frequency cannot be predicted with high accuracy even with this method. 相似文献
997.
998.
The complexity of modern seismically isolated structures requires the analysis of the structural system and the isolation
system in its entirety and the ability to capture potential discontinuous phenomena such as isolator uplift and their effects
on the superstructures and the isolation hardware. In this paper, an analytical model is developed and a computational algorithm
is formulated to analyze complex seismically isolated superstructures even when undergoing highly-nonlinear phenomena such
as uplift. The computational model has the capability of modeling various types of isolation devices with strong nonlinearities,
analyzing multiple superstructures (up to five separate superstructures) on multiple bases (up to five bases), and capturing
the effects of lateral loads on bearing axial forces, including bearing uplift. The model developed herein has been utilized
to form the software platform 3D-BASIS-ME-MB, which provides the practicing engineering community with a versatile tool for
analysis and design of complex structures with modern isolation systems. 相似文献
999.
泰勒展开近似 带连续性约束的L1范数方法用于多次波自适应相减(英文) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
一次波L1范数最小化的多次波自适应相减方法,简称L1方法,是基于匹配滤波器设计的多次波自适应相减算法中的一种常用方法.当一次波和多次波混杂在一起时,L1方法有时会伤害一次波,导致一次波同相轴的连续性变差.本文利用预测误差滤波器度量一次波同相轴的连续性,在L1方法的皋础上,提出一种能够在压制多次波的同时,尽量保持一次波同相轴连续性的多次波自适戍相减算法,简称连续性约束L1方法.利用Pluto模犁数据进行多次波相减的结果表明,连续性约束L1方法能够在有效压制多次波的同时,更好地保护一次波. 相似文献
1000.