韩山蓝晶石矿床成因研究     

茆训海  杨建业 《地球科学与环境学报》1991,(2)

通过对韩山蓝晶石的性质、分布、物质来源等因素的分析,结合晶体主长理论,推测其是经过区域变质作用形成第一世代蓝晶石,侧分泌作用形成第二世代蓝晶石。  相似文献   

Corrections to Solar Thermal Structure when a Turbulent Magnetic Field is Included     

Yi Liao  Shao-Lan BiNational Astronomical Observatories  Yunnan Observatory  Kunming   《中国天文和天体物理学报》2004,4(5):490-498

Correction of non-ideal effect due to a magnetic fluctuating tensor is derived from the ideal MHD equations. The inclusion of a magnetic turbulent field leads to modifications of the hydrostatic equilibrium equation and thermodynamical variables such as the temperature T, the adiabatic exponent γ, the adiabatic temperature gradient △↓ad and the temperature gradient △↓. In particular, the modifications in the adiabatic and radiative temperature gradients will result in a change in the Schwarzchild criterion, hence in the location of the base of the convective zone. Incorporating the modifications, we construct a modified thermodynamical equilibrium structure of the Sun.  相似文献   

Thermodynamic modelling of the reaction muscovite+cordierite→Al₂SiO₅+biotite+quartz+ H₂O: constraints from natural assemblages and implications for the metapelitic petrogenetic grid     

D. R. M. Pattison  F. S. Spear  C. L. Debuhr  J. T. Cheney  C. V. Guidotti 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2002,20(1):99-118

The reaction muscovite+cordierite→biotite+Al₂SiO₅ +quartz+H₂O is of considerable importance in the low pressure metamorphism of pelitic rocks: (1) its operation is implied in the widespread assemblage Ms + Crd +And± Sil + Bt + Qtz, a common mineral assemblage in contact aureoles and low pressure regional terranes; (2) it is potentially an important equilibrium for pressure estimation in low pressure assemblages lacking garnet; and (3) it has been used to distinguish between clockwise and anticlockwise P–T paths in low pressure metamorphic settings. Experiments and thermodynamic databases provide conflicting constraints on the slope and position of the reaction, with most thermodynamic databases predicting a positive slope for the reaction. Evidence from mineral assemblages and microtextures from a large number of natural prograde sequences, in particular contact aureoles, is most consistent with a negative slope (andalusite and/or sillimanite occurs upgrade of, and may show evidence for replacement of, cordierite). Mineral compositional trends as a function of grade are variable but taken as a whole are more consistent with a negative slope than a positive slope. Thermodynamic modelling of reaction 1 and associated equilibria results in a low pressure metapelitic petrogenetic grid in the system K₂O–FeO–MgO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂–H₂O (KFMASH) which satisfies most of the natural and experimental constraints. Contouring of the Fe–Mg divariant interval represented by reaction 1 allows for pressure estimation in garnet‐absent andalusite+cordierite‐bearing schists and hornfelses. The revised topology of reaction 1 allows for improved analysis of P–T paths from mineral assemblage sequences and microtextures in the same rocks.  相似文献   

东秦岭石界河群中石榴石成分环带所记录的PTt轨迹     

李荣西  胡能高  安三元  杨家喜 《地球科学与环境学报》1993,(Z1)

位于河南省西峡县北部地区的石界河群榴云片岩中的石榴石发育有很好的结构和成分环带。本文应用微分热力学方法对其环带成分进行计算,确定出一条顺时针方向的PTt轨迹。该轨迹与应用矿物共生组合世代关系确定的PTt轨迹十分吻合。  相似文献   

边界层湍流输送的若干问题和大气线性热力学   总被引：16，自引：9，他引：7  

胡隐樵  左洪超 《高原气象》2004,23(2):132-138

总结了大气线性热力学基本理论,讨论了大气边界层的能量和物质输送交叉耦合效应,还讨论了大气系统动力过程和热力过程的交叉耦合效应。分析指出：由于动力过程和热力过程的交叉耦合效应,导致大气边界层能量和物质输送过程除了湍流输送外,还应包括大气辐散和辐合运动对能量和物质的输送。非均匀下垫面大气边界层和对流边界层辐散和辐合运动对能量和物质输送是重要的。在这个基础上,讨论了非均匀下垫面和对流边界层地表能量的平衡问题,非均匀下垫面和对流边界层陆面过程边界层参数化等问题。这些研究不仅丰富了大气边界层物理理论,而且为克服当前大气边界层物理应用中所遇到的困难提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

Grain‐scale pressure variations and chemical equilibrium in high‐grade metamorphic rocks     

L. Tajčmanová  Y. Podladchikov  R. Powell  E. Moulas  J.C. Vrijmoed  J.A.D. Connolly 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2014,32(2):195-207

In the classical view of metamorphic microstructures, fast viscous relaxation (and so constant pressure) is assumed, with diffusion being the limiting factor in equilibration. This contribution is focused on the only other possible scenario – fast diffusion and slow viscous relaxation – and brings an alternative interpretation of microstructures typical of high‐grade metamorphic rocks. In contrast to the pressure vessel mechanical model applied to pressure variation associated with coesite inclusions in various host minerals, a multi‐anvil mechanical model is proposed in which strong single crystals and weak grain boundaries can maintain pressure variation at geological time‐scales in a polycrystalline material. In such a mechanical context, exsolution lamellae in feldspar are used to show that feldspar can sustain large differential stresses (>10 kbar) at geological time‐scales. Furthermore, it is argued that the existence of grain‐scale pressure gradients combined with diffusional equilibrium may explain chemical zoning preserved in reaction rims. Assuming zero net flux across the microstructure, an equilibrium thermodynamic method is introduced for inferring pressure variation corresponding to the chemical zoning. This new barometric method is applied to plagioclase rims around kyanite in felsic granulite (Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic), yielding a grain‐scale pressure variation of 8 kbar. In this approach, kinetic factors are not invoked to account for mineral composition zoning preserved in rocks metamorphosed at high grade.  相似文献   

撞击事件诱发核反应热力学过程及其在事件地质学研究中的意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周瑶琪 《现代地质》1995,9(1):91-98

摘要：从大规模撞击事件的基本动力学和热力学公式推导出发,讨论了白垩纪－第三纪界线（Ｋ／Ｔ界线）事件能量随时间的释放过程,并对发生热核聚变反应的条件进行了分析。最后,还对其可能的事件地质学意义进行了讨论．  相似文献   

海洋浮游植物的生物富集热力学模型——对疏水性污染有机物生物富集双箱热力学模型   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王修林  马延军  郁伟军  程刚 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,(2)

依据疏水性有机物（ＨＯＣ）在有机相／水相之间简单物理化学分配的基本原理,提出了浮游植物对ＨＯＣ生物富集双箱热力学模型。得出浮游植物对ＨＯＣ的生物富集因子ＢＣＦ与浮游植物比表面积Ｓ,有机物正辛醇／水分配系数ｋｏｗ,有机物在水中浓度Ｃｗ之间皆存在ｌｏｇ－ｌｏｇ相关性的结论,并且由海洋浮游植物对氯代苯的生物富集实验结果验证了该模型。  相似文献   

Contrasting hydrography and phytoplankton distribution in the upper layers of cyclonic eddies in the Mozambique Basin and Mozambique Channel     

T Lamont  RG Barlow 《African Journal of Marine Science》2017,39(3):293-306

Hydrographic data collected in cyclonic eddies in the Mozambique Channel and Basin revealed notable differences in temperature and salinity at a depth of 100 m, the upper mixed layer, the nitracline depths, and vertical distribution of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a). Differences in temperature and salinity did not show any consistent patterns. In contrast, the differences in the upper mixed layer, nitracline depths and the vertical Chl-a profile appeared to be driven by combined effects of eddy dynamics (i.e. shoaling of isopleths) and the seasonal variation in light availability and mixing conditions in the upper layers. Cyclonic eddies studied during austral spring and summer in the Mozambique Channel exhibited shallower upper mixed layers and nitracline depths, and deeper euphotic zones. Distinct subsurface Chl-a maxima (SCM) were associated with the stratified conditions in the upper layers of these eddies. In contrast, a cyclonic eddy studied during mid-austral winter in the Mozambique Basin had a shallower euphotic zone, deeper upper mixed layer and uniform Chl-a profiles. Another eddy sampled in the Mozambique Basin toward the end of winter showed a less pronounced SCM and roughly equal euphotic zone and upper mixed layer depths, suggestive of a transition from a well-mixed upper layer during winter to stratified conditions in summer.  相似文献   

变质作用p-T-t轨迹的研究方法与进展          下载免费PDF全文

魏春景 《地学前缘》2011,18(2):1-16

变质作用p T t轨迹理论的提出完全改变了人们对变质作用过程的认识。地壳加厚区(造山带)内区域变质作用发生于地壳从热扰动到热松弛的动态演化过程中,岩石的p T t轨迹是地壳加厚的方式及机制、热松弛速率和岩石折返速率的综合函数。一维热模拟假设引起热扰动的构造作用在瞬间完成,岩石在折返过程中开始变质作用演化。二维热模拟结果表明在地壳加厚过程中(岩石埋藏阶段)伴随明显热效应,岩石在折返过程中有少量加热,达到温度峰值。反演变质作用的p T t轨迹包括3种方法：传统地质温压计方法,吉布斯/微分热力学方法和变质相图方法。无论哪种方法,都必须以详细岩相学研究为基础,在岩石中划分出两期以上矿物组合。传统地质温压计方法被广泛使用,但在确定不同期次矿物组合的平衡和p T条件上有若干不确定性。吉布斯/微分热力学方法理论上非常完善,依据矿物(石榴石)的生长环带计算岩石的p T t轨迹,但是由于难以确定矿物生长阶段的矿物组合变化,以及缺少复杂固溶体的活度模型等,致使该方法实用性较差。目前反演岩石p T t轨迹的最好方法是变质相图方法,该方法依据p T视剖面图上矿物等值线温压计,模拟由矿物的世代关系和生长环带所记录的p T条件变化,并可以定量模拟变质过程中的矿物组合演化、变质反应和流体行为。对不同中压型变质带和超高压型地体中岩石p T t轨迹的反演模拟表明,岩石在构造埋藏阶段应伴随明显热效应,发生一系列递增变质作用,几乎同时达到压力与温度峰值,岩石折返过程以等温降压型(ITD)为主。这与一维热模拟结果很不相同,而与二维热模拟结果大体相似,但一般折返速率更快。  相似文献