基于伴随方法的线性台阵背景噪声面波和远震体波联合成像研究          下载免费PDF全文

张超  姚华建  童平  刘沁雅  雷霆 《地球物理学报》1954,63(11):4065-4079

伴随层析成像（Adjoint Tomography）通过求解全波方程来准确模拟地震波在复杂介质中的传播,并利用波形信息来反演地下结构,是新一代的高分辨率成像方法.其中3-D伴随层析成像需要庞大的计算资源,而2-D反演相对更具计算效率.面波和远震体波是研究地壳上地幔速度结构的重要方法,它们对S波速度及Moho面的敏感度不同,通过联合反演,可以得到更为准确的S波速度结构及Moho面.通过两种数据的高度互补性,本文提出基于伴随方法的线性台阵背景噪声面波和远震体波联合成像方法,同时约束台阵下方S波速度结构及Moho面形态.我们将该方法应用到符合华北克拉通岩石圈典型结构特征的理论模型上,测试结果表明联合反演方法优势明显,相比于面波伴随层析成像,能获得更高分辨率的S波速度结构,同时能精准约束Moho面形态.相比于体波伴随层析成像,联合反演能有效压制高频假象,降低波形反演过程中的非线性化程度.本研究有望提供一种更为高效精准的线性台阵成像方法,搭建联合伴随层析成像理论框架,提升岩石圈成像分辨率,并为后续其他类型波形数据的引入提供思路和方法.  相似文献   

新疆北天山地区中强震前单台地震波参数异常特征研究     

杨欣  曲延军 《内陆地震》1999,13(3):221-232

强地震的孕育过程也是孕震介质的形成过程,在强震前震源附近小地震的地震波运动学,动力学特征的变化过程,则反映了孕震介质的变化过程,为研究地震的孕育,发展和发生的过程,采用单台地震波振幅比,尾波持续时间比,尾波衰减系数这３项地震波参数作为地震学短期前兆指标,分析其震兆特征,从而达到监测孕震介质变化的目的,研究结果表明,单台地震波参数能够有效地发现地震的前兆,但地震波参数的前兆图像复杂多变,不具有统一的  相似文献   

BCC第二代气候预测模式系统对2015年一次寒潮过程的预报能力评估   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陶潘虹  张耀存  孙凤华 《气象科学》2020,40(2):191-199

利用BCC第二代气候预测模式系统(BCC_CSM2)的回报试验结果,评估了BCC_CSM2对2015年1月27—31日一次强寒潮过程的次季节预报能力,结果表明:(1)此次寒潮过程主要由新地岛以西的短波槽不断东移发展而形成的,模式能够提前10 d较好地预报过程期间降温以及高空环流形势,相关系数、距平符号一致率以及均方根误差都定量表明模式在10 d左右具有较好的预报能力,但是对降温程度的预报能力随起报时间的延长逐渐降低;(2)为了探讨随起报时间延长模式预报能力降低的原因,从位势倾向方程出发,分析相对涡度平流和温度平流随高度变化发现,在模式提前10 d之内的预报时段内,模式预报的相对涡度平流和温度平流随高度变化与再分析资料的诊断结果基本一致,能够合理预测短波槽的东移和槽脊的强度变化,当预报超过10 d后,模式中相对涡度平流的配置不利于短波槽的东移,模式预报的低层出现暖平流,并随高度增加而减小,不利于槽的加深,使模式预报的环流形势产生偏差,导致模式预报能力降低。  相似文献   

安溪雷暴24h潜势预报模型研究     

韦英英 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2020,14(6):46-53

利用安溪县国家气象站2004年至2015年的雷暴观测资料，分析了安溪县雷暴的气候特征及环境背景分类。并根据雷暴活动特征及雷暴天气产生的环境场条件，诊断和分析T639数值模式输出产品与雷暴观测资料的相关性，对41个相关因子做显著性检验，挑选相关性较好的9个因子做分析。对9个预报因子进行0,1化处理并进行逐步回归，最后选取850hPa垂直速度、850hpa假相当位温、700hPa温度、K指数、850hPa比湿等5个因子，建立雷暴潜势预报方程。利用2015年至2017年T639模式资料进行回代分析评估，发现当雷暴概率预报Y值>0.6时，雷暴预报准确率最高，达85.60%，且漏报率、空报率很低。再以2018年T639数值模式资料对雷暴潜势概率进行计算评估，准确率为83.84%，漏报率为5.75%，空报率为10.41%。由此可见，基于T639数值产品的雷暴潜势方程可以为安溪县雷暴天气的预警预报和防雷减灾服务提供客观的参考和依据。  相似文献   

沿海渔业天气警报服务系统     

王雪森  林朝昌 《成都信息工程学院学报》1993,(1)

本文简要地介绍了建立沿海渔业天气警报服务系统的必要性,系统的设计特点,现场试验情况以及今后建台布网的设想。特别是把短波单边带通信,地面波传播方式和双音报警技术引入天气警报服务系统,开辟了短波单边带气象通应用的新领域。  相似文献   

Accuracy of kinematic wave and diffusion wave approximations for space-independent flows on infiltrating surfaces with lateral inflow neglected in the momentum equation     

V. P. Singh 《水文研究》1995,9(7):783-796

Error equations for the kinematic wave and diffusion wave approximations with lateral inflow neglected in the momentum equation are derived under simplified conditions for space-independent flows. These equations specify error as a function of time in the flow hydrograph. The kinematic wave, diffusion wave and dynamic wave solutions are parameterized through a dimensionless parameter γ which is dependent on the initial conditions. This parameter reflects the effect of initial flow depth, channel-bed slope, lateral inflow, infiltration and channel roughness when the initial condition is non-vanishing; it reflects the effect of bed slope, channel roughness and acceleration due to gravity when the initial condition is vanishing. The error equations are found to be the Riccati equation. The structure of the error equations in the case when the momentum equation neglects lateral inflow is different from that when the lateral inflow is included.  相似文献   

Effects of high velocities on photoionization lines     

A. Peraiah  G. Raghunath 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》1980,1(2):113-117

We have treated formation of spectral lines in a commoving frame where photoionization is predominant over collisional processes. We have assumed that the radiation field for causing photoionization is a function of Planck function. We have also considered the situation in which the continuum contributes to the radiation in the line. In all the models the quantityB/A (ratio of outer to inner radii) is kept equal to 10 and the total optical depth is taken to be 10³. The velocity is assumed to be varying according to the lawdV/dτ ∼ < 1/τ whereτ is the optical depth (τ > 0) in the given shell. The velocities at the innermost radius (r =A) are set equal to 0 and at the outermost radius (r =B), the maximum velocities are taken to be 0, 1, 3 and 10 Doppler units. The calculated line profiles are those seen by an observer at infinity.P Cygni-type profiles are observed in the case of a medium with no continuum absorption. For a medium with continuum absorption double peaked asymmetric profiles are noticed when the velocities are small; the two emission peaks merge into a single asymmetric peak for larger velocities.  相似文献   

水平离散网格与大气运动   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

LIU Yudi  WANG Bin  JI Zhongzhen 《大气科学进展》2003,20(1):139-148

从线性浅水方程组出发,在Arakawa A-E网格和z网格上,从频率和群速方面讨论了这六种网格对大气中的两种重要的波动：惯性重力波和Rossby波的描述能力。结果表明：C、z、E网格比其它网格产生的歪曲都要小。  相似文献   

Diurnal Variation of Gravity Wave Activity at Midlatitudes in the Ionospheric F Region     

Boška  J.  Šauli  P.  Altadill  D.  German Solé  J.  Alberca  L.F. 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2003,47(3):579-586

We investigate the short-term fluctuations in the period range from 15 to 180 minutes in the electron density variations of the F region ionosphere. Electron density profiles obtained at the ionospheric stations of Pruhonice (49.9° N, 14.5° E) and Ebro (40.8° N, 0.5° E) at five minute time sampling have been used for this analysis. The diurnal changes of the activity of the acoustic gravity wave fluctuations (AGW) show a clear enhancement during and several hours after sunrise. The periods of such AGW's are about 60 to 75 minutes and these waves propagates vertically through the ionosphere from a source located at an altitude of 180-220 km. The most likely source for these events seems to be passage of the Solar terminator.  相似文献   

Dynamic stress concentration and scattering of SH-wave by interface elliptic cylindrical cavity     

陈志刚  刘殿魁  杨在林 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2003,2(2):299-306

In this paper, the dynamic stress concentration and scattering of SH-waves by bi-naterial structures that possess an interface elliptic cavity are investigated. First, by using the complex function method, the Green‘s function is constructed. This yields the solution of the displacement field for an elastic half space with a semi-elliptic canyon impacted by an anti-plane harmonic line source loading on the horizontal surface. Then, the problem is divided into an upper and lower half space along the horizontal interface, regarded as a harmony model. In order to satisfythe integral continuity condition,the unknown anti-plane forces are applied to the interface. The integral equations with unknown forces can be established through the continuity condition, and after transformation, the algebraic equations are solved numerically. Finally, the distribution of the dynamic stress concentration factor (DSCF) around the elliptic cavity is given and the effect of different parameters on DSCF is discussed.  相似文献