东亚陆缘扩张带──一条离散式大陆边缘成因的探讨   总被引：19，自引：11，他引：19  

陈国达 《大地构造与成矿学》1997,21(4):285-293

亚洲东部大陆边缘，介于大陆与大洋之间，存在着一条巨型的“沟弧盆”地带。该构造带的出现是亚洲大陆岩石圈演化－运动史上的重大事件之一，它的成因问题流行假说颇多，本文侧重从亚洲东部壳体演化运动历史背景的分析入手，探讨该构造带形成时期的历史动力环境，地壳结构及性质、壳体演化过程的特点，以及壳体增生扩展过程等，阐明了它是由于东亚陆缘扩张所成。并探讨了该陆线扩张带的形成与壳体演化运动的关系及其扩张机因。研究表明：亚洲陆缘扩张带的形成机理，并非“洋壳俯冲、弧后引张”所致。它们主要是陆缘壳体上的大陆类型活动区（华夏地洼型造山带），在其发展的余动期，由于陆缘扩张及陆壳薄化所致。作者认为，从壳体大地构造学这一新思路入手，对该陆缘扩张带成因的深入研究，有助于正确认识该大陆架上广泛分布的有色、稀有金属内生矿床，以及泥炭、褐煤、油气田的构造类型、特点、分布规律及其经济价值。  相似文献   

Structure of the Mount Raymond transverse zone at the southern end of the Wyoming salient, Sevier fold-thrust belt, Utah     

Timothy Paulsen  Stephen Marshak 《Tectonophysics》1997,280(3-4):199-211

The Mount Raymond transverse zone (MRTZ) forms the east-west-trending boundary between the Wyoming salient of the Sevier fold-thrust belt and the Uinta/Cottonwood arch in north-central Utah. Major faults in the zone dip 40° to 45° north. Our structural analysis indicates that the MRTZ contains both contractional and extensional structures. The contractional structures (thrusts and related folds) initially formed as part of a southeast-verging, northeast-trending thrust system. This system gradually curved and merged to the north with the east-verging Absaroka thrust system in the apex of the Wyoming salient. The contrast in trend between structures in the MRTZ and those in the apex of the Wyoming salient reflects the initial curvature of the salient. This curve formed because the stratigraphic sequence involved in thrusting thinned gradually southward, toward the axis of a proto-Uinta arch. The present east-west trend of the MRTZ developed during Laramide uplift of the Unita/Cottonwood arch, an event which tilted the faults into their present position. Cenozoic crustal extension subsequently reactivated segments of the MRTZ. In sum, the evolution of the MRTZ illustrates how post-thrusting processes can affect the map-view geometry of thrust belts to create transverse zones.  相似文献   

Accretion and exhumation at a Variscan active margin, recorded in the Saxothuringian flysch     

J. Schäfer  H. Neuroth  H. Ahrendt  W. Dörr  W. Franke 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1997,86(3):599-611

The Saxothuringian flysch basin, on the north flank of the Central European Variscides, was fed and eventually overthrust by the northwestern, active margin of the Tepla-Barrandian terrane. Clast spectra, mineral composition and isotopic ages of detrital mica and zircon have been analyzed in order to constrain accretion and exhumation of rocks in the orogenic wedge. The earliest clastic sediments preserved are of early Famennian age (ca. 370?Ma). They are exposed immediately to the NW of the suture, and belong to the par-autochthon of the foreland. Besides ultramafic (?ophiolite) material, these rocks contain clasts derived from Early Paleozoic continental slope sediments, originally deposited at the NW margin of the Saxothuringian basin. These findings, together with the paleogeographic position of the Famennian clastics debris on the northwestern passive margin, indicate that the Saxothuringian narrow ocean had been closed by that time. Microprobe analyses of detrital hornblendes suggest derivation from the “Randamphibolit” unit, now present in the middle part of the Saxothuringian allochthon (Münchberg nappes). Detrital zircons of metamorphic rocks formed a little earlier (ca. 380?Ma) indicate rapid recycling at the tectonic front. The middle part of the flysch sequence (ca. early to middle Viséan), both in the par-autochthon and in the allochthon, contains abundant clasts of Paleozoic rocks derived from the northwestern slope and rise, together with debris of Cadomian basement, 500-Ma granitoids and 380?Ma (early Variscan) crystalline rocks. All of these source rocks were still available in the youngest part of the flysch (c. middle to late Viséan), but some clasts record, in addition, accretion of the northwestern shelf. Our findings permit deduction of minimum rates of tectonic shortening well in excess of 10–30?mm per year, and rates of exhumation of ca. 3?mm/a, and possibly more.  相似文献   

Crustal structure of Dabieshan orogenic belt   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Chunyong Wang  Xiankang Zhang  Buyun Chen  Xuebo Chen  Songyan Song  Jinhan Zheng  Hongxiang Hu  Hai Lou 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1997,40(5):456-462

The crustal structures ofP velocity and density on the deep seismic sounding profile across the Ilabieshan orogenic belt are presented. There is a 5-km-thick crustal “root” between the Yuexi and Xiaotian where the elevation is highest on the profile. An apparent Moho offset of 4. 5 km beneath the Xiaotian-Mozitan fault marks the paleo-suture of the Triassic collision. A high-velocity anomaly zone at the depth below 3 km beneath the ultra-high pressure (UHP) zone may be correlated to the higher content of UHP metamorphic rocks. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Joint Earthquake Science Foundation.  相似文献   

造山带岩浆活动与构造运动关系研究综述     

王强  王人镜 《地质科技情报》1997,16(4):39-44

熔体及其活动在造山带的演化中发挥了重要作用。熔体活动发迹了地壳应力作用方式而诱发形成剪切带或断层；熔体活动调整块体间的位移而影响造山带的变形；  相似文献   

秦岭造山带南北向构造及有关问题的讨论   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15  

杨志华 《地质论评》1997,43(1):10-16

秦岭造山带具有复杂和长期演化的历史，本文对秦岭造山带的主造山期，结构特征（包括构造单元划分），构造体制和发展演化等进行了综合和讨论。  相似文献   

滇西北金沙江带蛇绿岩,蛇绿混杂岩形成环境及时代   总被引：22，自引：2，他引：22  

孙晓猛  张保民 《地质论评》1997,43(2):113-120

本文对滇西北金沙江带蛇绿岩及其混杂岩的产状、规模，岩石学及岩石化学特征等进行系统的综合研究，并根据大量的化石资料，将该区蛇绿岩的形成时代厘定为晚石炭世至二叠纪，蛇绿要岩的形成时代厘定为早、中三叠世，论证了本区蛇绿岩产于规模较小的洋盆环境之中，由于金沙江洋盆发育阶段较短暂，不具有隔离冈瓦纳及扬子两大古生物地理区系的作用，因此，金沙江缝合带不能构成古特提斯域的主缝合带。  相似文献   

东秦岭造山带花岗岩类长石铅同位素组成及其构造学意义   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

张宏飞  张本仁 《地质学报》1997,71(2):142-149

本文对东秦岭造山带内２７个花岗岩类央体４８件长石样品进行了铅同位素成分的测定，结果表明，本区的南秦岭不同时代花岗岩类以贫铀铅和钍铅为特征，具有明显的铅同位素块体效应，反映它们属地同一个铅同位素构造－地球化学省；而本区的北秦岭区岗岩类从晚元古代到早古生长，长石铅同位素组成以富铀铅和钍铅的为特征，但从晚古生长开始，花岗岩类长石铅同位素组成明显发生变化，以贫铀铅和钍铅为特征，反映晚古生长及其后形成花岗质  相似文献   

Tectonic Evolution of the Himalayan Collision Belt   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Cui Junwen Institute of Geology  Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences  Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》1997,71(2):133-143

This paper discusses the tectonic divisions of the Himalayan collision belt anddeals with the tectonic evolution of the collision belt in the context of crustal accretion in thefront of the collision belt, deep diapirism and thermal-uplift extension and deep material flow-ing of the lithosphere-backflowing. Finally it proposes a model of the tectonic evolution-progressive intracontinental deformation model-of the Himalayan belt.  相似文献   

闽西北常口—南舟断裂带与萤石成矿关系     

傅树超  苏江湖 《福建地质》1997,16(4):170-175

福建省区域地质调查队三分队在元坑幅及埔上幅１：５万区调中分别发现了将乐常口大型萤石矿和顺昌南舟萤石矿。两个矿床均位于常口－南舟北东向断裂带中，受其次级张性断裂直接控制，矿床成因类似。  相似文献