气候因素对土壤有机质组成和性质的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐跃  姚天全  永镇男 《山地学报》1994,(3)

云南省哀牢山徐家坝自然保护区不同海拔的土壤有机质组成和性质与气候因素的相关分析结果表明，土壤有机质的组成（Ｈ／Ｆ），胡敏酸的光学特征（Ｅ＿４／Ｅ＿６）和ＣａＣｌ＿２的絮凝极限（ＦＬ值），除ＦＬ和Ｅ＿４／Ｅ＿６与年均降雨量不呈显著相关关系外，其它数值均与年均温、≥１０℃积温和年均降雨量呈显著（ｐ＜０．０１，ｎ＝７）的相关关系，并服从一元二次方程Ｙ＝Ａ＋ＢＸ＋ＣＸ￣２．由此证明了气候因素对土壤有机质组成和胡敏酸的性质有显著的影响。  相似文献   

Zur Systematik der Kohlenstoff-Schwefel-Eisen-Verhältnisse in Auftriebssedimenten     

K. -C. Emeis  J. W. Morse 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1993,82(4):604-618

Abundances of organic carbon, sulfur, and reactive iron in sediments of three upwelling environments (Peru, Oman and Benguela) suggest that organic carbon/reduced sulfur ratios (C/S-ratios) in this category of marine sediments deviate considerably from previously established empirical ratios in normal marine sediments. To clarify the discrepancies, we investigated those components of the diagenetic system that limit the formation of pyrite: sulfate concentrations and reduction rates in pore waters, availability of reactive iron, and the quantity and quality of organic matter. All three limitations are evident in our sample pools. The results suggest that C/S-ratios in recent and fossil marine sediments rich in organic matter may be unsuitable as paleoenvironmental indicators.

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模糊聚类分析在有机质演化阶段划分上的应用     

师先进 《上海国土资源》1993,(3):16-21

本文概述了模糊聚类分析的方法,并使用此法对有机质演化阶段的划分进行了初探,这个方法有利于油田的勘探和开采。  相似文献   

忻州盆地和贝加尔裂谷带医疗矿水水化学相似性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王焰新  陈德隆 《地球科学》1993,18(5):661-670

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关于碳酸盐源岩研究的两个问题     

陈荣书 《地质科技情报》1993,12(2):87-90

简要介绍了碳酸盐源岩研究中的两个问题:有机质的赋存状态(分散且不均一)及确立成熟度的新指标透射色指数(TCI)的最新进展。  相似文献   

A molecular stratigraphic approach to palaeoenvironmental assessment and the recognition of changes in source inputs in marls of the Mulhouse Basin (Alsace, France)     

B.J. Keely  J.S. Sinninghe Damst  S.E. Betts  Ling Yue  J.W. de Leeuw  J.R. Maxwell 《Organic Geochemistry》1993,20(8)

Principal components analysis (PCA) has been used to investigate changes in concentrations of the components of the hydrocarbon fractions extracted from 71 marl samples, selected to cover two total organic carbon (TOC) maxima in the lower part of the Salt IV formation, a Lower Oligocene evaporitic sequence from the Mulhouse Basin, France. The analysis indicates that the fractions can be ascribed as lying between two end member distributions. The changes in these distributions are gradual, suggesting that they resulted from fairly gradual changes in the depositional palaeoenvironment. These changes are related to increased algal productivity associated with the evolution of a restricted lacustrine environment through to one with a greater marine influence. Systematic variations in the concentrations of selected components relative to the TOC profile point to a repeated sequential evolution in the biological assemblage during deposition of the sequence.  相似文献   

油田卤水中短链有机酸的来源,分布及其地球化学意义     

马亭  梅博文 《地质科技情报》1993,12(3):73-77

在几乎所有的油田卤水(地层水)中都含有高浓度的短链有机酸,通常乙酸根是其中最丰富的有机阴离子。大量的模拟实验表明干酪根是有机酸最主要的来源。短链有机酸有着重要的地球化学意义,(1)可以作为石油勘探的近似指示物,(2)它们可能是天然气中某些主要成分的母体,(3)它们是地层水中最主要的弱酸阴离子,因此控制了地层水的pH值的缓冲能力,(4)作为还原剂,它们控制了地层水的Eh值和多价元素的浓度,(5)实验表明,它们还能够与储集岩中的铝、钙、硅等无机离子形成可溶络合物,使长石类矿物的溶解作用增强,从而导致砂岩储层中次生孔隙加大。  相似文献   

Geochronology and geological evolution of metamorphic rocks in the Field Islands area, East Antarctica   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

LANCE P. BLACK  PATRICK R. JAMES  SIMON L. HARLEY 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1983,1(4):277-303

Detailed geochronological, structural and petrological studies reveal that the geological evolution of the Field Islands area, East Antarctica, was substantially similar to that of the adjacent Archaean Napier Complex, though with notable differences in late and post Archaean times. These differences reflect the area's proximity to the Proterozoic Rayner Complex and consequent vulnerability to tectonic process involved in the formation of the latter. Distinctive structural features of the Field Islands are (1) consistent development of a discordant, pervasive S₃ axial-plane foliation; (2) re-orientation of S₃ axial planes to approximate to the subsequent E-W tectonic trend of the nearby Rayner Complex; (3) selective retrogression by a post-D₃ static thermal overprint; and (4) relatively common development of retrogressive, E-W-trending, mylonitic shear zones. Peak metamorphic conditions in excess of 800°C at 900 ± 100 M Pa (9 kbar) were attained at one locality following, but probably close to the time of D₂ folding. D₃ took place in late Archaean times when metamorphic temperatures were about 650°C and pressures were about 600 MPa (6 kbar). Later, temperatures of 600 ± 50°C and pressures of 700 MPa (7kbar) were attained in an amphibolite-facies event, presumably associated with the widespread granulite to amphibolite-facies metamorphism and intense deformation involved in the formation of the Rayner Complex at about 1100 Ma. The area was subsequently subjected to near-isothermal uplift. Rb-Sr isotopic data indicate that the pervasive D₃ fabric developed at about 2400–2500 Ma, and this age can be further refined to 2456⁺⁸_-5 Ma by concordant zircon analyses from a syn-D₃ pegmatite. All zircons were affected by only minor (<7–10%) Pb loss and/or new zircon growth during the Rayner event at about 1100Ma. Thus the 450–850 μg/gU concentrations of these zircons were too low to cause sufficient lattice damage over the 1350 Ma (from 2450 Ma) for excessive Pb to be lost during the 1100 Ma event. The emplacement of pegmatite at 522 ± 10 Ma substantially changed the Rb-Sr systematics of the only analysed rock that developed a penetrative fabric during the 1100 Ma event. Monazite in this pegmatite contains an inherited Pb component, which probably resides in small opaque inclusions. A good correlation is found between Rb-Sr total-rock ages and rock fabric. U-Pb zircon intercepts with concordia also mostly correspond to known events. However, in one example a near perfect alignment of zircon analyses, probably developed by mixing of unrelated components, produced concordia intercepts that appear to have no direct geochronological significance.  相似文献   

High-pressure Partial Melting of Mafic Lithologies in the Mantle   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：15  

KOGISO  T.; HIRSCHMANN  M. M.; PERTERMANN  M. 《Journal of Petrology》2004,45(12):2407-2422

We review experimental phase equilibria associated with partialmelting of mafic lithologies (pyroxenites) at high pressuresto reveal systematic relationships between bulk compositionsof pyroxenite and their melting relations. An important aspectof pyroxenite phase equilibria is the existence of the garnet–pyroxenethermal divide, defined by the enstatite–Ca-Tschermakspyroxene–diopside plane in CaO–MgO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂projections. This divide appears at pressures above 2 GPa inthe natural system where garnet and pyroxenes are the principalresidual phases in pyroxenites. Bulk compositions that resideon either side of the divide have distinct phase assemblagesfrom subsolidus to liquidus and produce distinct types of partialmelt ranging from strongly nepheline-normative to quartz-normativecompositions. Solidus and liquidus locations are little affectedby the location of natural pyroxenite compositions relativeto the thermal divide and are instead controlled chiefly bybulk alkali contents and Mg-numbers. Changes in phase volumesof residual minerals also influence partial melt compositions.If olivine is absent during partial melting, expansion of thephase volume of garnet relative to clinopyroxene with increasingpressure produces liquids with high Ca/Al and low MgO comparedwith garnet peridotite-derived partial melts. KEY WORDS: experimental petrology; mantle heterogeneity; partial melting; phase equilibrium; pyroxenite  相似文献   

农业生物地球化学———新兴的边缘学科   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王将克  邹和平  郑卓 《地球科学进展》2004,19(5):852-859

简述农业生物地球化学（生物地球化学的分支学科）的内涵,并提出建立可持续性发展的生物地球化学营养工程模式。该工程的实施对于发展21世纪的富素绿色有机农业、富素绿色有机食品提高人类健康水平和促进农业经济产业化具重要的现实意义并将产生深远的影响。  相似文献