不同固结条件下黏土数值化建模的研究     

程涛  晏克勤  王靖涛 《岩土力学》2009,30(11):3352-3356

研究了不同初始固结压力条件对黏土本构关系的影响。进行了2组不同固结条件下的排水压缩试验,即等压固结条件和K0固结条件。采用数值建模方法,以 和 为硬化参数的双屈服面模型为框架,通过对试验数据空间的反演获得两种不同初始条件下的黏土弹塑性本构关系,并在整个应力场 可视化。将该数值模型嵌入有限元程序对三轴压缩试验进行数值模拟,并与试验曲线及相同路径下的剑桥模型和Duncan-Chang模型关系曲线进行对比。结果表明,数值建模方法有较好的容错性,能很好地反映应力历史的影响,能模拟真实应力路径。  相似文献   

石羊河流域水资源利用与经济发展系统分析   总被引：12，自引：7，他引：5  

马国军  林栋  王万雄 《中国沙漠》2009,29(5):1003-1007

对石羊河流域1995—2005年水资源利用与经济发展指标进行相关性分析及通径分析,结果表明,农业生产对水资源的压力巨大,必须建立科学合理的水资源利用机制和上中下游协调发展模式,通过生活、工业、农业和生态环境等各用水部门之间协调,使整个区域的水资源得到合理充分的利用,从而达到最大供水效益。研究表明,在经济可持续发展的情况下,人口的增长使得发展林业对水资源的压力巨大,为显著减轻经济和社会发展对水资源的压力,应优先大力发展第三产业,其次发展第二产业、畜牧业和林业。科学分配各产业、各部门的供需水量,实现流域或区域的社会、经济和生态环境的协调发展。  相似文献   

不同应力路径下饱和黏土耦合循环剪切特性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

栾茂田  聂影  杨庆  齐剑峰  邵琪 《岩土力学》2009,30(7):1927-1932

地基土单元体在波浪荷载的作用下将发生主应力轴连续旋转,这对土的强度和变形特性会产生显著的影响。针对饱和黏土,利用土工静力－动力液压三轴－扭转多功能扭剪仪进行了均等固结下的耦合循环剪切试验,着重研究了不同循环应力路径对应力-应变关系和强度特性的影响。试验结果表明,耦合循环荷载下黏土扭转剪切分量和正向偏差分量的应力-应变关系曲线与应力路径有关,且随着振动次数的增加逐渐疏松,割线模量 和 不断衰减,这与不固结不排水条件下的应力-应变关系曲线的变化规律明显不同;扭转剪切分量大的椭圆应力路径的动强度略小于正向偏差分量大的动强度。饱和黏土在不同应力路径下的力学特性的试验研究可以为建立复杂应力路径下的本构模型提供试验依据。  相似文献   

旅行社网络化路径研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

包曾婷  章锦河  刘珍珍 《云南地理环境研究》2009,21(5):98-102,106

随着中国旅行社数量的增多和市场竞争日趋激烈,网络化战略已成为数量众多中小型旅行社持续发展和提升自身竞争力的趋势性选择。在对国内旅行社的经营现状和网络化发展态势分析的基础上,提出旅行社进行网络化的5种路径,即旅行社战略联盟、旅行社虚拟企业、旅行社联合体、旅行社企业集团、旅行社间“准一体化”,及其3种构建方式,即横向一体化、纵向一体化、横纵向混合一体化,以期实现中国旅行社业健康持续发展。  相似文献   

An improved recursive decomposition algorithm for reliability evaluation of lifeline networks   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Wei Liu  Jie Li 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2009,8(3):409-419

The seismic reliability evaluation of lifeline networks has received considerable attention and been widely studied.In this paper,on the basis of an original recursive decomposition algorithm,an improved analytical approach to evaluate the seismic reliability of large lifeline systems is presented.The proposed algorithm takes the shortest path from the source to the sink of a network as decomposition policy.Using the Boolean laws of set operation and the probabilistic operation principal,a recursive deco...  相似文献   

堆石料等应力比路径四模量增量非线性模型     

相彪  张宗亮  迟世春 《岩土力学》2009,30(5):1247-1252

已有研究表明,土石坝内堆石料在施工填筑期的应力路径可近似为主应力比为常数的路径。根据大型三轴仪上进行的两种应力路径排水试验,即等向压缩的固结试验和等应力比值的剪切试验,提出了一个四模量增量非线性模型。模型除给出了堆石料体积模量K和剪切模量G的表达式外,对剪应力产生的体积应变和平均主应力产生的剪切应变也分别采用了交叉模量J1、J2表达。通过与试验数据的对比表明,四模量增量非线性模型能够较好地预测堆石料在等应力比路径下的应力-应变关系。  相似文献   

软土在不同应力路径下的力学特性分析   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

曾玲玲  陈晓平 《岩土力学》2009,30(5):1264-1270

通过固结不排水剪应力路径试验对广州南沙典型软土在不同固结条件的力学特性进行了系统研究。分析了初始固结状态对软黏土应力路径依赖性的影响,比较了不同应力路径下土的应力-应变关系特征和孔隙水压力变化规律,探讨了孔压分布与土体变形特征的关系,认为侧向卸荷会造成剪应力增加、体应力减小,从而使土体产生剪胀趋势。研究结果还表明,不排水条件下的有效应力路径主要与土样初始固结状态有关,因而同一固结状态下的有效应力路径具有唯一性。另外,试验中的剪切控制方式对有效应力路径有明显影响,但对土体抗剪强度的影响可以忽略。  相似文献   

Metamorphism and Isotopic Evolution of Granulites of Southern India: Reference to Neoproterozoic Crustal Evolution     

A. Mohan  M. Jayananda 《Gondwana Research》1999,2(2):251

Granulites are important component of high-grade metamorphic rocks reflecting intense conditions observed for crustal rocks in terms of temperature, and pressure. This review paper demonstrates how these high-grade granulites are critical to understanding the evolution of the lower continental crust with special reference to southern India. Geothermobarometric traverse across different granulite blocks in southern India shows wide ranging P-T conditions of metamorphism (700–1000 ° C, and 5–10 kbar). The sapphirine-, orthopyroxene-sillimanite, and spinel -bearing quartz-deficient granulites recognised from parts of southern granulite terrain (Ganguvarpatti, Kiranur, and Palani hill ranges etc.) show oriented sillimanite aggregates pseudomorph after course twinned kyanite, staurolite + kyanite assemblages, and corroded blebs of gedrite within orthopyroxene, suggesting a prograde stage of a clockwise P-T evolution. Evidence of ITD history comes from the textures in which an early Mg-rich garnet (X_Mg 52–60) with orthopyroxene (up to 10% Al₂O₃) involving sillimanite breakdown forming variety of symplectites having combinations of orthopyroxene, sapphirine, cordierite, and spinel. These spectacular reaction textures, and mineralogic sensors from the high-grade rocks establish a prograde clockwise P-T-t path with notable decompressive history (ITD) in the southern granulite terrain. The inferred P-T-t paths have been further integrated with the recent geochronological, and isotopic data to constrain the timing, and duration of metamorphism, emplacement of the magmatic protolith for characterising the evolution of the granulites, and their bearing on the geodynamic implications. Based on the emerging evidence for Neoproterozoic tectonothermal imprints in the southern granulite terrain, history of the assembly of dispersed fragments is also addressed within the East Gondwana framework.  相似文献   

Metamorphic history of glaucophane‐paragonite‐zoisite eclogites from the Shanderman area,northern Iran     

H. Omrani  M. Moazzen  R. Oberhänsli  T. Tsujimori  R. Bousquet  M. Moayyed 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2013,31(8):791-812

The Shanderman eclogites and related metamorphosed oceanic rocks mark the site of closure of the Palaeotethys ocean in northern Iran. The protolith of the eclogites was an oceanic tholeiitic basalt with MORB composition. Eclogite occurs within a serpentinite matrix, accompanied by mafic rocks resembling a dismembered ophiolite. The eclogitic mafic rocks record different stages of metamorphism during subduction and exhumation. Minerals formed during the prograde stages are preserved as inclusions in peak metamorphic garnet and omphacite. The rocks experienced blueschist facies metamorphism on their prograde path and were metamorphosed in eclogite facies at the peak of metamorphism. The peak metamorphic mineral paragenesis of the rocks is omphacite, garnet (pyrope‐rich), glaucophane, paragonite, zoisite and rutile. Based on textural relations, post‐peak stages can be divided into amphibolite and greenschist facies. Pressure and temperature estimates for eclogite facies minerals (peak of metamorphism) indicate 15–20 kbar at ~600 °C. The pre‐peak blueschist facies assemblage yields <11 kbar and 400–460 °C. The average pressure and temperature of the post‐peak amphibolite stage was 5–6 kbar, ~470 °C. The Shanderman eclogites were formed by subduction of Palaeotethys oceanic crust to a depth of no more than 75 km. Subduction was followed by collision between the Central Iran and Turan blocks, and then exhumation of the high pressure rocks in northern Iran.  相似文献   

Proterozoic anticlockwise P–T path of the Lewisian Complex of South Harris, Outer Hebrides, NW Scotland     

S. BABA 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1998,16(6):819-841

The Leverburgh Belt and South Harris Igneous Complex in South Harris (northwest Scotland) experienced high-pressure granulite facies metamorphism during the Palaeoproterozoic. The metamorphic history has been determined from the following mineral textures and compositions observed in samples of pelitic, quartzofeldspathic and mafic gneisses, especially in pelitic gneisses from the Leverburgh Belt: (1) some coarse-grained garnet in the pelitic gneiss includes biotite and quartz in the inner core, sillimanite in the outer core, and is overgrown by kyanite at the rims; (2) garnet in the pelitic gneiss shows a progressive increase in grossular content from outer core to rims; (3) the Al^VI/Al^IV ratio of clinopyroxene from mafic gneiss increases from core to rim; (4) retrograde reaction coronas of cordierite and hercynite+cordierite are formed between garnet and kyanite, and orthopyroxene+cordierite and orthopyroxene+plagioclase reaction coronas develop between garnet and quartz; (5) a P–T path is deduced from inclusion assemblages in garnet and from staurolite breakdown reactions to produce garnet+sillimanite and garnet+sillimanite+hercynite with increasing temperature; and (6) in sheared and foliated rocks, hydrous minerals such as biotite, muscovite and hornblende form a foliation, modifying pre-existing textures. The inferred metamorphic history of the Leverburgh Belt is divided into four stages, as follows: (M1) prograde metamorphism with increasing temperature; (M2) prograde metamorphism with increasing pressure; (M3) retrograde decompressional metamorphism with decreasing pressure and temperature; and (M4) retrograde metamorphism accompanied by shearing. Peak P–T conditions of the M2 stage are 800±30 °C, 13–14 kbar. Pressure increasing from M1 to M2 suggests thrusting of continental crust over the South Harris belt during continent–continent collision. The inferred P–T path and tectonic history of the South Harris belt are different from those of the Lewisian of the mainland.  相似文献