Environmental impact of fluidized solidified silt casting on surrounding water bodies     

Yunquan Li  Silin Wu  Shi Shu  Yiyan Lv  Yan Cui 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(5):604-610

Abstract

With the growing demand for underwater refill engineering, the construction technology of implementing fluidized solidification in underwater pouring has recently received increased attention. However, the environmental impact of underwater casting on surrounding water bodies, especially when the silt is polluted, is still unclear. In this study, a simulated underwater pouring test and a static immersion release test were conducted separately to study the quality of the surrounding water during and after pouring. The results showed that fluidized-solidified silt casting could increase the pH of the surrounding water, even after the pouring had stopped, by approximately 1.0 and the turbidity could reach 200 NTU. No diffusion of Zn and Cu into the surrounding water was observed and while Ni and Cr exhibited slight diffusion, this was at a level well below international water quality standard. During construction, reducing the distance from the seafloor to the bottom of the pouring catheter could reduce the level of pollution. After construction, the use of neutral solidified materials can effectively reduce the pH of the surrounding water and the potential risk of heavy metal dissolution.  相似文献   

微小亚历山大藻(Alexandrium minutum)的氮磷吸收、生长、产毒动态变化     

俞群娣  王亚军  余新威  刘寅政  李叶  方力  陈成吉  罗红宇 《海洋与湖沼》2018,49(2):346-351

采用浮游植物计数法、高效液相色谱串联质谱法、分光光度法等分析方法,探索了微小亚历山大藻(Alexandrium minutum)在批次培养过程中氮磷吸收、产毒、生物量、p H等参数的动态变化关系。结果表明,微小亚历山大藻对磷的吸收迅速,可以将磷储存于体内,待生长使用。该藻对氮的吸收相对缓慢,环境中氮缺乏时,产毒量不再增加,说明氮对产毒有着重要的调控作用。在第二对数期中出现了碳限制环境,导致叶绿素a在碳限制条件下无法表征藻的生物量,相反,叶绿素a和生物量呈负线性关系,可能是叶绿素转化成其它含碳物质,用于生长。毒素不仅存在于细胞体内,培养液中(胞外)也含有毒素,并且胞外毒素从稳定期开始逐渐升高。胞内毒素的组成中GTX1/4占据绝对优势,GTX2/3含量相对较少。生长延缓期和第一对数期,各种毒素组成比例相对稳定,而在随后的生长期内,GTX1/4在总毒素中的占比逐渐上升,GTX2/3占比逐渐下降,表明微小亚历山大藻毒素组成会随着生长周期的变化而发生变化。  相似文献   

地磁实测值与IGRF计算值的差异的变化     

陈伯舫 《华南地震》2007,27(1):15-20

选择了北京、关岛等6个地磁台,作它们的观测值与IGRF值之差随时间的变化曲线,结果发现,以上6台站地磁测值的异常变化都与附近发生的大震相关,而且震级越大、离台站越近,异常变化越大、越早.而且用IGRF作参考场既可靠又方便.  相似文献   

长三角经济高速发展地区土壤pH时空变化及其影响因素   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

邵学新  黄标  顾志权  钱卫飞  金洋  毕葵森  严连香 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2006,25(2):143-149

通过调查和分析长三角地区张家港市2004年和第二次土壤普查时(1980)的土壤pH,探讨了该市近20年来基于经济高速发展影响下的土壤pH变化及影响因素。结果表明,自第二次土壤普查以来,该市土壤pH变化明显。南部人为土地区绝大部分土壤pH值都下降了一个单位,平均值由7.39降至6.33;北部雏形土区,两个时期的土壤pH值分别为7.92和7.98。土壤pH的降低可能同该地区长期施用化学肥料、酸雨及工业酸性“三废”排放的增加有关。此外,土地利用和田间管理也对土壤pH变化起着较为重要的作用,而土壤地球化学性质差异则是导致南北地区土壤pH变化不同的内在因素。  相似文献   

Spatial patterns of groundwater‐lake exchange – implications for acid neutralization processes in an acid mine lake     

Christiane Neumann  Julia Beer  Christian Blodau  Stefan Peiffer  Jan H. Fleckenstein 《水文研究》2013,27(22):3240-3253

Exchange of groundwater and lake water with typically quite different chemical composition is an important driver for biogeochemical processes at the groundwater‐lake interface, which can affect the water quality of lakes. This is of particular relevance in mine lakes where anoxic and slightly acidic groundwater mixes with oxic and acidic lake water (pH < 3). To identify links between groundwater‐lake exchange rates and acid neutralization processes in the sediments, exchange rates were quantified and related to pore‐water pH, sulfate and iron concentrations as well as sulfate reduction rates within the sediment. Seepage rates measured with seepage meters (?2.5 to 5.8 L m^‐2 d^‐1) were in reasonable agreement with rates inverted from modeled chloride profiles (?1.8 to 8.1 L m^‐2 d^‐1). Large‐scale exchange patterns were defined by the (hydro)geologic setting but superimposed by smaller scale variations caused by variability in sediment texture. Sites characterized by groundwater upwelling (flow into the lake) and sites where flow alternated between upwelling and downwelling were identified. Observed chloride profiles at the alternating sites reflected the transient flow regime. Seepage direction, as well as seepage rate, were found to influence pH, sulfate and iron profiles and the associated sulfate reduction rates. Under alternating conditions proton‐consuming processes, for example, sulfate reduction, were slowed. In the uppermost layer of the sediment (max. 5 cm), sulfate reduction rates were significantly higher at upwelling (>330 nmol g^‐1 d^‐1) compared to alternating sites (<220 nmol g^‐1 d^‐1). Although differences in sulfate reduction rates could not be explained solely by different flux rates, they were clearly related to the prevailing groundwater‐lake exchange patterns and the associated pH conditions. Our findings strongly suggest that groundwater‐lake exchange has significant effects on the biogeochemical processes that are coupled to sulfate reduction such as acidity retention and precipitation of iron sulfides. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

滇西澜沧变质带中白云母的研究及其地质意义   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

赵靖 《岩石矿物学杂志》1993,(3)

本文以滇西澜沧变质带中最为广泛分布的造岩矿物——白云母为对象,详细研究和分析了其成分、多型类型及b_0值等,探讨了白云母的发育规律。研究结果表明,本带中绝大多数白云母为多硅白云母,且为3T+2M_1型,与蓝闪石共生的则以3T多硅白云母为主。此外,澜沧变质带经历了蓝闪石片岩亚相的高压变质作用,与古特提斯构造演化密切相关,并可与世界著名的高压带对比。  相似文献   

滇西澜沧变质带中白云母的研究及其地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

赵靖 《岩石矿物学杂志》1993,12(3):251-260

本文以滇西澜沧变质带中最为广泛分布的造岩矿物—白云母为对象，详细研究和 分析了其成分、多型类型及ba值等，探讨了白云母的发育规律。研究结果表明，本带中绝大多数白云母为多硅白云母，且为3T+2M,型，与蓝闪石共生的则以3T多硅白云母为主。此外，斓沧变质 带经历了蓝闪石片岩亚相的高压变质作用，与古特提斯构造演化密切相突，并可与世界著名的高 压带对比。  相似文献   

Modelling of earthquake rupturing as a stochastic process and estimation of its distribution function from earthquake observations     

Z.-M. Yin  G. Ranalli 《Geophysical Journal International》1995,123(3):838-848

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Characteristics of ionic components in precipitation in Kitakyushu City,Japan     

Yasuhiro Yamato  Takashi Yamada  Kozo Kido 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1993,17(4):325-337

Precipitation samples were collected by filtrating bulk sampler in Kitakyushu City, Japan, from January 1988 to December 1990. Volume weighted annual mean of pH was 4.93, but the pH distribution indicated that most probable value lay in the range pH 6.0–6.4. Volume weighted annual mean concentrations of major ionic components were as follows; SO ₄ ^2– : 84.2, NO ₃ ^– : 28.1, Cl^–: 86.3, NH ₄ ⁺ : 45.5, Ca²⁺: 63.3, Mg²⁺: 27.0, K⁺: 3.4, Na⁺: 69.0 µ eq l^–1. The highest concentrations of these ionic components were observed in winter and the lowest occurred in the rainy season. The ratio of ex-SO ₄ ^2– /NO ₃ ^– exhibited the lowest ratio in summer, and the highest ratio in winter. Good correlations were obtained between Cl^– and Na⁺, ex-SO ₄ ²⁺ and ex-Ca²⁺, NO ₃ ^– and ex-Ca²⁺, and NH ₄ ⁺ and ex-SO ₄ ^2– , respectively. However, no correlation between Cl^– and Na⁺ with Ca²⁺ was observed. The relationship of H⁺ with (ex-SO ₄ ^2– + NO ₃ ^– ) - (ex-Ca²⁺ + NH ₄ ⁺ ) indicated positive correlation.  相似文献   

云、雨水酸度和离子浓度与其微物理参数的关系   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

刘奇俊  丁国安  汤洁  房秀梅  吴凡  苏维瀚 《气象学报》1993,51(2):195-202

本文1987年5-6月和1989年5-6月庐山地区的实测资料,分析了云、雨水酸度和离子浓度与其微物理量间的关系。结果表明,云、雨滴大小、含水量、谱宽等微物理量的演变直接影响着其酸度和离子浓度。  相似文献