浅析吉林市圣德泉地热资源成因     

陈永城  张璐  杨益国 《吉林地质》2012,(3):108-110

吉林圣德泉生态园观光旅游区地处伊—舒地堑盆地中部,开发利用第三系砂岩-砂砾岩中的地下热水资源。该地区地热成因属于断裂构造和盆地增温复合型。目前大部分开采的地热田埋藏深度为950～2 000 m,储热层厚度200～300 m,日开采量200～300 m3,水温59～62℃,属于低温地下热水。  相似文献   

Geology of the northern side of the Gulf of Edremit and its tectonic significance for the development of the Aegean grabens     

Yücel Yılmaz  Zekiye Karacık 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(1-3):31-43

Abstract

This paper describes the Neogene evolution of north-Western Anatolia based on geological data collected in the course of a new mapping program. The geological history of the region, as recorded by the Neogene sedimentary and magmatic rocks that overlie the Paleozoic-Triassic basement, began after a lake invasion during the Early Miocene period with the deposition of shale-dominated successions. They were accompanied by calc-alkaline intermediate lavas and pyroclastic rocks ejected through NNE trending fractures and faults. The Lower-Middle Miocene successions were deformed under a compressional regime at the end of the Middle Miocene. The deposition of the overlying Upper Miocene-Lower Pliocene successions was restricted to within NE-SW trending graben basins. The graben bounding faults are oblique with a major strike-slip displacement, formed under approximately the N-S extension. The morphological irregularities formed during the Miocene graben formations were obliterated during a severe erosional phase to the end of the deposition of this lacustrine succession. The present E–W graben system as exemplified from the well-developed Edremit graben, postdates the erosional phase, which has formed during the Plio-Quaternary period. © 2001 Éditions Scientifiques et médicates Elsevier SAS  相似文献   

The Çubukludağ graben,south of İzmir: its tectonic significance in the Neogene geological evolution of the western Anatolia     

Can Ş. Genç  Şafak Altunkaynak  Zekiye Karacık  Metin Yazman  Yücel Yılmaz 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(1-3):45-55

Abstract

Field studies on the Neogene successions in south of ?zmir reveal that subsequent Neogene continental basins were developed in the region. Initially a vast lake basin was formed during the early-Middle Miocene period. The lacustrine sediments underwent an approximately N-S shortening deformation to the end of Middle Miocene. A small portion of the basin fill was later trapped within the N-S-trending, fault-bounded graben basin, the Çubukluda? graben, opened during the Late Miocene. Oblique-slip normal faults with minor sinistral displacement are formed possibly under N–S extensional regime, and controlled the sediment deposition. Following this the region suffered a phase of denudation which produced a regionwide erosional surface suggesting that the extension interrupted to the end of Late Miocene–Early Pliocene period. After this event the E–W-trending major grabens and horsts of western Anatolia began to form. The graben bounding faults cut across the Upper Miocene–Pliocene lacustrine sediments and fragmented the erosional surface. The Çubukluda? graben began to work as a cross garden between the E–W grabens, since that period. © 2001 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS  相似文献   

Nature and onset age of neotectonic regime in the northern core of Isparta Angle,SW Turkey     

Ali Koçyiğit  Şule Gürboğa  Doğan Kalafat 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(1-2):52-85

The Isparta Angle (IA) is a reverse Λ-shaped morphotectonic structure located to the north of Antalya Gulf in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. It resulted from the northward curvature of the originally E–W-trending Tauride orogenic belt owing to the nappe emplacements and related clockwise and anti-clockwise rotations in a time period of Early Paleocene to Early Pliocene. The IA is included in the southwest Anatolian tensional neotectonic domain and characterized by a series of grabens and horsts bounded by active normal faults of dissimilar length and trend. The evolutionary history of the graben-horst system is episodic. It is evidenced by two graben fills. These are older and modern (younger) graben fills separated by an intervening angular unconformity. The modern graben fill is nearly flat-lying (non-deformed) whereas older graben fill was deformed into a series of anticlines and synclines with ENE-trending curvi-linear axes by a short-term compressive tectonic regime operated in NNW–SSE direction during Late Pliocene. The diagnostic structures taking a part in the development of grabens and shaping the northern section of the IA are the margin-boundary normal faults. They occur in numerous single and several fault zones displaying a basin ward facing step-like land shape. Most of fault segments, particularly the master faults, are active and have a capacity of creating destructive earthquakes with a magnitude (up to Mw?=?7.0). This is evidenced by both the historical and instrumental period earthquakes. Both the focal mechanism solution of earthquakes and the stereographic plots of slip-plane data, measured on the active margin-boundary faults of various grabens comprising the IA, on the Schmidt lower hemisphere net obviously reveal that the IA is under the influence of the tensional neotectonic regime, not a compressive tectonic regime, i.e. the sinistral strike-slip shearing along the Pliny arc has not propagated yet onshore, and its commencement age is Early Quaternary.  相似文献   

倒楔运动与地震带的关联性研究     

白思胜  韩宁 《国际地震动态》2009,(5):35-42

研究认为,地震是楔块运动引起的,楔块运动的主要动力来自于楔块内部的隐爆一均衡作用。“两堑夹一垒”是楔块运动系统的基本形式。研究发现,大洋中脊地震带、环太平洋地震带和大陆裂谷地震带（以郯庐断裂地震带为例）均位于“两堑夹一垒”楔块系统中,其中一垒的活动,即倒楔的运动与地震带紧密相关。  相似文献   

Geological interpretation of gravity profiles through the Karlovy Vary granite massif (Czech Republic)     

Vratislav Blecha  Miroslav Štemprok  Tomáš Fischer 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2009,53(3):295-314

We examined the shape of the Late Variscan Karlovy Vary granite massif located south of the Ohre/Eger graben in Northern Bohemia by reinterpretation of existing gravity data on two perpendicular profiles. The granite body of about 360 km² total outcrop size has the elongation ratio 0.35 with the major axis trending NE-SW. The SW part of the body was crossed in the nineties by the seismic profile 9HR which localized the bottom of granites in a depth of about 10 km. We used this value as a reference datum in our gravity profiles. We positioned one of our profiles along the seismic profile 9HR and the other one perpendicularly, i.e. parallel with the elongation of the outcrop surface. We interpret the shape of the main granite body in the vicinity of Karlovy Vary as a continuous desk whose floor is horizontal (or subhorizontal) and varies along its whole extension about a depth of 10 km. This thickness is approximately identical with that of the Saxothuringian nappes imaged by seismic reflection. The near surface upper contact of the granite body is mildly inclined, and outward dipping. It changes to steep sides or inward inclined contacts in deeper levels. The Lesny-Lysina (Kynžvart) massif is a separate granite body about 324 km thick, not continuously connected with the main Karlovy Vary massif. The gravity curve suggests that granites often enclose in their endocontact large blocks of country metasediments or metabasites the existence of which is partly evidenced by their outcrops outside the line of the profile. The granite body is found density-homogenous. Minor density differences between granite varieties are caused mainly by more intense hydrothermal alterations in younger suite granites. We interpret vertical conduits for the ascent of granitic magmas to be parallel to the Jáchymov-Gera and Ohře (Eger) lineaments or the Mariánské Lázně fault zone as indicated by the elongation of some outcrops. However, they are not clearly imaged from the gravity data. The effect of the depression of the Sokolov basin along the faults parallel with the Ohře (Eger) lineament is shallow and it is not indicated by any change in the floor depth of the granite body. Comparison of the seismicity distribution suggests that the hypocenters occur mostly outside of the granite bodies or near their contact with the country rock.  相似文献   

CLustre: semi‐automated lineament clustering for palaeo‐glacial reconstruction          下载免费PDF全文

Mike J. Smith  Niels S. Anders  Saskia D. Keesstra 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2016,41(3):364-377

Datasets containing large numbers (>10 000) of glacial lineaments are increasingly being mapped from remotely sensed data in order to develop a palaeo‐glacial reconstruction or ‘inversion’. The palimpsest landscape presents a complex record of past ice flow and deconstructing this information into a logical history is an involved task. One stage in this process requires the identification of sets of genetically linked lineaments that can form the basis of a reconstruction. This paper presents a semi‐automated algorithm, CLustre, for lineament clustering that uses a locally adaptive, region growing, methodology. After outlining the algorithm, it is tested on synthetic datasets that simulate parallel and orthogonal cross‐cutting lineaments, encompassing 1500 separate classifications. Results show robust classification in most scenarios, although parallel overlap of lineaments can cause false positive classification unless there are differences in lineament length. Case studies for Dubawnt Lake and Victoria Island, Canada, are presented and compared with existing datasets. For Dubawnt Lake 9 out of 14 classifications directly match incorporating 89% of lineaments. For Victoria Island 57 out of 58 classifications directly match incorporating 95% of lineaments. Differences are related to small numbers of unclassified lineaments and parallel cross‐cutting lineaments that are of a similar length. CLustre enables the automated, repeatable, assignment of lineaments to flow sets using defined user criteria. This is important as qualitative visual interpretation may introduce bias, potentially weakening the testability of palaeo‐glacial reconstructions. In addition, once classified, summary statistics of lineament clusters can be calculated and subsequently used during the reconstruction process. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Crustal structures of the Weihe graben and its surroundings from receiver functions   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

XU ShuBin  MI Ning  XU MingJie  WANG LiangShu  LI Hua  YU DaYong 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(2):372-378

We use 15 seismic stations,crossing the Qinling orogen(QO),Weihe graben(WG)and Ordos block(OB),to study the crustal structures by receiver functions(RFs)methods.The results show quite a difference in crustal structures and materials of three tectonic units(orogenic belt,extentional basin and stable craton).The average crustal thickness in the northern QO is 37.8 km,and Poisson ratio is 0.247,which indicates the increase of felsic materials in QO.In the southern OB,the average crustal thickness is 39.2 km and Poisson ratio is 0.265.Comparatively high value of Poisson ratio is related with old crystallized base in the lower crust and shallow sediments.The artificial RFs reveal that low-velocity and thick sediments have a significant effect on phases of the Mohorovi i discontinuity(Moho).As a result,the Moho phases in WG are tangled.S-wave velocity(VS)inversion shows that there are shallow sediment layers with 4–8 km’s thickness and high velocity zones in the middle-lower crust in WG.Complex Moho structure and high velocity zone may have been induced by the activities of the Weihe faults series.  相似文献   

利用GPS观测资料分析山西地堑系现今地壳构造活动特征     

瞿伟  张勤  王庆良  李振洪 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2012,37(2):195-198,246,259

基于中国地壳运动观测网络1999～2007年的GPS复测资料,建立起整体无净旋转基准,分析了山西地堑系内部地壳运动的细节特征,并利用图形单元法分析了其应变场的分布特征,深入剖析了地壳变形的动力学机制,得出山西地堑系现今构造应变场以NW-SE向拉张应变为主,与区域现代震源机制解及长期构造变形背景相一致;临汾、大同盆地是地堑内剪切应变高值区,现今地壳活动强烈。解释了地堑系内形变异常区的成因,由此揭示出连接临汾与太原盆地的构造隆起带两端的现今地壳活动十分强烈,并同时兼有拉张破裂趋势这一重要的构造事件。  相似文献   

岩溶断陷盆地“盆-山”耦合地形影响下的气候特征及其对石漠化生态恢复的影响探讨   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王赛男  蒲俊兵  李建鸿  张陶  霍伟杰  袁道先 《中国岩溶》2019,38(1):50-59

掌握石漠化山区受海拔影响的气候特征的垂直差异,能够对岩溶山地气候及其影响下的水热组合条件有更为科学的认识,对石漠化演变研究和综合治理有重要意义。本文通过在典型石漠化山区（云南蒙自断陷盆地区）沿盆地、坡地到山区设立三个小型气象观测站获取山地垂直剖面的气象数据,从月（季）、日尺度分析石漠化山区“盆-山”耦合地形的气候垂直特征及其对石漠化生态恢复的可能影响,结果表明:（1）观测剖面是当地主导风东南风的背风坡,年降雨量高原面（1 027.4 mm）>盆地（662.6 mm）>坡面（574.4 mm）;且 “山谷风”效应显著,白天吹谷风,降雨比例更大。地形起伏使盆地降雨年变异系数达152.36%,远大于坡面（113.81%）与高原面（99.36%）,地形放大了垂直方向的“干湿”差异,区域干燥指数:盆地（1.74）>坡面（1.70）>高原面（0.88）。（2）垂直方向水汽差异使高原面年太阳辐射量（5 492 MJ·m-2）略小于盆地（5 817 MJ·m-2）。同时盆地与高原面气温垂直梯度达0.74 ℃·100 m-1,因此在光热条上存在明显的垂直差异。（3）垂直气候特征对石漠化生态恢复的影响具体表现在:①年内降雨集中,结合坡度较陡的地形易加速水土流失;②降雨量少,且集中在日间,强烈的蒸发易加剧土壤水分亏缺,不利于植被恢复。③研究区水分缺乏,因此在植被恢复治理中应选择耐旱的作物,同时要考虑垂直方向的光热条件差异,盆地选择喜光热作物,海拔高的地区选择喜温凉的作物。   相似文献