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41.
地球深部碳循环对全球气候变化、生命探索和岩石圈演化的研究具有重要意义。中国东部岩石圈是地球深部碳循环的重要场所,其减薄与破坏与深部碳循环密切相关。中生代太平洋板块俯冲是制约中国东部岩石圈减薄与破坏的关键,对华北克拉通和华南板块的大规模金属成矿作用具有重要作用。笔者等系统阐述了Mg示踪地球深部碳循环原理,例举了镁同位素示踪中国东部深部碳循环的实例,论述了中生代俯冲的古太平洋板块所释放的碳酸盐熔体/流体与地幔相互作用,是造成中国东部地幔具有普遍的轻Mg同位素组成的重要原因。此外,指出轻镁同位素的多解性,提出多同位素联合示踪是未来研究地球深部碳循环的趋势。  相似文献   
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西天山上、下石炭统之间是否存在区域性角度不整合争议颇大,制约了西天山晚古生代构造演化阶段的划分。伊犁地区石炭纪地层出露典型且完好,通过对该地区上、下石炭统接触关系的重新厘定,开展沉积学和岩相学研究。沉积学特征显示,二者产状一致,未见底砾岩和风化壳,且存在碳酸盐岩和火山碎屑物质"混生"的沉积特征,下石炭统阿克沙克组和上石炭统伊什基里克组之间并无明显沉积间断,应为连续的火山–沉积序列。该研究为西天山伊犁地区石炭纪为统一后碰撞裂谷盆地的认识提供了沉积学证据。  相似文献   
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可菲  徐建  张鹏  包志安  马龙  宗春蕾 《地质学报》2023,97(2):565-582
本文通过对IODP 363航次于澳大利亚西北岸外陆架上钻取的U1483站岩芯进行沉积物粒度、镁同位素以及主量元素成分等分析,重建200 ka以来帝汶海西南部沉积物输入演化及其指示的源区风化和侵蚀历史,探讨海洋沉积物中细粒硅质碎屑组分镁同位素的古环境指示意义。U1483站陆源碎屑组分主要由黏土质粉砂组成,其δ26Mg变化范围超过0.25‰。通过计算化学蚀变指数(chemical index of alteration, CIA)和两种物理侵蚀指标(包括陆源物质堆积速率和Ti/Ca比值),结果显示200 ka以来δ26Mg指标与CIA具有非常一致的曲线形态。本文推测陆源碎屑组分的Mg同位素组成主要反映物源区大陆硅酸盐风化强度的变化,而受矿物学分选、岩性和早期成岩作用的影响较小。结合区域古气候记录,我们发现本研究中的风化和侵蚀记录与同一个站位已发表的澳洲夏季风降水和表层海水温度变化具有较好的耦合关系,而与赤道太平洋海平面变化的相关程度较低,反映了轨道时间尺度上沉积物所记录的物源区风化和侵蚀演化主要受控于澳洲古季风系统,表现为气候驱动型风化模式。本研...  相似文献   
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The Vulcan Sub‐basin lies immediately inboard of the incipient arc‐continent collision in the Timor Sea and comprises part of the Bonaparte Basin system, the northernmost basin on Australia's North West Shelf. Given the high level of preservation of its extensional fabric, the region can provide important analogues for the likely pre‐orogeny architecture of New Guinea, which enables a better understanding of the onset of, and response to, orogenesis. Structural restoration of regional, depth‐converted 2–D seismic lines shows that although the Late Jurassic Swan Graben is significant and contains a thick source‐rock section, the principal phase of crustal extension took place in the Triassic to Middle Jurassic. Within the Vulcan Sub‐basin, the southern Tilted Fault Block Domain records ~10% Triassic to Middle Jurassic extension, whereas <5% upper crustal extension has been measured in the northern Hourglass Domain. Similarly, while Jurassic extension in the Tilted Fault Block Domain is both deep and focused, the Hourglass Domain is expressed as a broad sag to the northeast, indicating a strong underlying basement influence on compartmentalisation. The Vulcan Sub‐basin shows four principal stages of evolution: (i) regional, evenly spaced crustal faulting and subsidence in the Triassic ‐ Middle Jurassic; (ii) focused faulting in the Late Jurassic that created grabens with uplift of the shoulders; (iii) regional subsidence from the Middle Valanginian; and (iv) minor extensional and contractional reactivation in the Mio‐Pliocene. The measured brittle extension is much less than that suggested by modelling of lithospheric subsidence, which suggests long wavelength distribution of strain in the ductile lower crust, with upper crustal extension mainly focused along the continent‐ocean boundary. Along the North West Shelf and on a smaller scale within the Vulcan Sub‐basin per se, the obvious, basement‐involved, rectilinear compartments defined by prominent offsetting of both extensional fault systems and abyssal plains have important implications for the development of the New Guinea orogen. Similar scale compartments are recognised in New Guinea and display different structural styles and hydrocarbon prospectivity. The transfer zones separating the compartments are the sites of the major copper‐gold deposits in New Guinea. Using the Vulcan Sub‐basin ‐ Timor area as an analogue, it can be seen that an arc could originally collide with a promontory, such as what is now Timor, and reactivate the lineaments allowing local extension and mineralisation. In addition, interpretation of the structure of the New Guinea Fold Belt may be aided by considering the effects of compression on the geometry of the Vulcan Sub‐basin and of the similar Carnarvon Basin and adjacent extended and broken Exmouth Plateau.  相似文献   
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320矿床位于东亚壳体中国东南地洼区赣湘桂地洼系的中南段,湘东地洼的南西部,受岩相古地理环境的控制且与区内地洼构造活动密切相关;特别是与多期次活动的湘东裂谷系的成生和发展紧密相联,在裂谷系发育过程中形成了一系列与裂谷构造有关的铀矿化,控制了以320矿床为主体的区带矿床的分布。  相似文献   
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The computer simulation of a Lake Baikal seismic profile located in the Selenga River Delta area resulted in a lake level record of the last 600 kyr. This curve demonstrates several low-magnitude episodes and both a dramatic 300 m fall and a more than 150 m increase of the lake level relative to present situation. The greatest change in paleo-lake depth at 300 ka corresponds in time with the major glaciation in the Eastern Siberia and is probably the response of the lake to this climatic phenomenon. The results of this study conform with existing hypotheses on the regional tectonic history and climatic events.  相似文献   
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