政策、公众参与在洪湖湿地生态恢复中的作用     

徐为 《湿地科学与管理》2008,4(4):24-27

通过构建最优控制模型及实证调查的方法,分析洪湖湿地恢复过程的公众参与与政府政策的可取之处及亟需进一步解决的问题。系统地探讨了洪湖湿地永续发展的管理模式并为其他地区的湿地管理提出建议。通过理论构建和实证调查提出以公众参与为主、政府政策为辅的环境管理模式,阐述了以公众参与为主、政府政策为辅的环境政策的必要性和可行性。  相似文献   

退化生态系统土壤微生物种群数量和分布对植被恢复的响应   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

毕江涛  贺达汉  黄泽勇 《地理科学》2009,29(2)

通过生态退化区不同植被恢复类型对土壤微生物种群数量和分布的影响研究,揭示植被恢复过程中土壤微生物种群的变化.结果表明,沙米荒地、白沙蒿、柠条、沙冬青、人工乔木林+樟子松土壤微生物种群数量和分布明显不同,土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌种群数量差异显著(P<0.05),细菌种群数量最高,其次为放线菌,真菌种群数量最小.通过主成分分析,影响该保护区土壤三大类微生物种群总数量的主要因子是植被、土壤有机质、pH、土壤速效钾、土壤水分含量、土壤全磷和速效磷、土壤放线菌、土层深度、土壤真菌种群数量和土壤全氮含量.  相似文献   

湿地恢复的技术与方法研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张明祥  刘国强  唐小平 《湿地科学与管理》2009,5(3):12-15

从湿地恢复的基本概念和应遵循的原则入手,阐述了湿地恢复的两种模式,即被动恢复模式和主动恢复模式。从确定湿地恢复的目标、明确恢复区域、制定恢复方案、监测恢复活动、评价是否成功、恢复的长期管理等方面阐述了湿地恢复的流程。最后从土壤基质的恢复、植被恢复、栖息地保护与生境改善、湿地生态水管理、富营养化治理、有害生物防控、火生态控制等方面介绍了常见的湿地恢复措施。  相似文献   

Seepage erosion in layered stream bank material   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nick Lindow  Garey A. Fox  Robert O. Evans 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2009,34(12):1693-1701

Current stream restoration practices often require anthropogenic manipulation of natural field soils to reconstruct stream banks in the absence of stabilizing vegetation. For this study, researchers conducted laboratory experiments on reconstructed, non‐vegetated stream banks with layered soils experiencing seepage. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of seepage, pore water pressure, and bank geometry on erosion and bank stability of layered streambanks. The experimental design consisted of an intermediate‐size soil lysimeter packed with a sandy clay loam top soil and an underlying fine sand layer at three bank slopes (90°, 45° and 26°). Shallow groundwater flow and seepage resulted in bank failure of geometrically stable banks. Pop out failures, liquid deformation, and piping were all observed failure mechanisms in the underlying sand material, dependent on the bank angle. Groundwater seepage processes created small‐scale failures of the underlying sand leading to larger‐scale failures of the overlying sandy clay loam. The underlying sand layer eroded according to the initial bank angle and change in overburden loading. The overlying loam layer failed along linear failure planes. The gradually sloped bank (i.e. 26° slope) failed faster, hypothesized to be due to less confining pressure and greater vertical seepage forces. Researchers analyzed the laboratory experiments using the Bank Stability and Toe Erosion Model, version 4·1. The model calculated an accurate shear surface angle similar to the failure angle observed in the lysimeter tests. The model predicted failure only for the undercut 90° bank slope, and indicated stable conditions for the other geometries. Steeper initial bank slopes and undercut banks decreased the bank factor of safety. The observed failure mechanisms and measured saturation data indicated an interaction between overburden pressure, seepage forces, and bank slope on bank stability. Future bank stability modeling would benefit by incorporating lateral seepage erosion and soil liquefaction prediction calculations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

沙地恢复过程中两种一年生植物种子萌发和幼苗种群动态研究     

何玉惠  赵哈林  刘新平  张铜会 《中国沙漠》2010,30(6):1331-1335

狗尾草和虫实是科尔沁沙地两种常见一年生草本植物,在沙地恢复过程中起着非常重要的作用。采用固定样方法对自然条件下两种植物种子萌发和幼苗种群动态进行了研究。结果表明,沙地恢复不同阶段虫实和狗尾草萌发数量随季节和样地的变化而变化,种子萌发和幼苗存活显示出强烈的降雨依赖性,并且虫实和狗尾草种子当年可萌发数量都随沙地固定程度增加而逐渐增大。从4月到8月,各月虫实种子萌发比例依次降低,但大多数狗尾草种子在5月到6月才开始萌发。虫实和狗尾草种子呈现出分批萌发的策略。虫实和狗尾草主要分4批出苗,相对虫实而言,狗尾草出苗对降雨的响应存在一定的滞后性,且狗尾草萌发所需的温度较虫实高。虫实和狗尾草的存活曲线均属于C型曲线,是较为典型的r对策者。  相似文献