Fluid–particle interaction and generation of coherent structures over permeable beds: an experimental analysis     

《Advances in water resources》2014

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Simultaneous estimation of soil moisture and hydraulic parameters using residual resampling particle filter     

BI HaiYun  MA JianWen  QIN SiXian & ZHANG HongJuan 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(4):824-838

Land data assimilation (DA) has gradually developed into an important earth science research method because of its ability to combine model simulations and observations. Integrating new observations into a land surface model by the DA method can correct the predicted trajectory of the model and thus, improve the accuracy of state variables. It can also reduce uncertainties in the model by estimating some model parameters simultaneously. Among the various DA methods, the particle filter is free from the constraints of linear models and Gaussian error distributions, and can be applicable to any nonlinear and non-Gaussian state-space model; therefore, its importance in land data assimilation research has increased. In this study, a DA scheme was developed based on the residual resampling particle filter. Microwave brightness temperatures were assimilated into the macro-scale semi-distributed variance infiltration capacity model to estimate the surface soil moisture and three hydraulic parameters simultaneously. Finally, to verify the scheme, a series of comparative experiments was performed with experimental data obtained during the Soil Moisture Experiment of 2004 in Arizona. The results show that the scheme can improve the accuracy of soil moisture estimations significantly. In addition, the three hydraulic parameters were also well estimated, demonstrating the effectiveness of the DA scheme.  相似文献   

A multi-resolution global land cover dataset through multisource data aggregation     

Le Yu  Jie Wang  XueCao Li  CongCong Li  YuanYuan Zhao  Peng Gong 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(10):2317-2329

Recent developments of 30 m global land characterization datasets(e.g., land cover, vegetation continues field) represent the finest spatial resolution inputs for global scale studies. Here, we present results from further improvement to land cover mapping and impact analysis of spatial resolution on area estimation for different land cover types. We proposed a set of methods to aggregate two existing 30 m resolution circa 2010 global land cover maps, namely FROM-GLC(Finer Resolution Observation and Monitoring-Global Land Cover) and FROM-GLC-seg(Segmentation), with two coarser resolution global maps on development, i.e., Nighttime Light Impervious Surface Area(NL-ISA) and MODIS urban extent(MODIS-urban), to produce an improved 30 m global land cover map—FROM-GLC-agg(Aggregation). It was post-processed using additional coarse resolution datasets(i.e., MCD12Q1, GlobCover2009, MOD44 W etc.) to reduce land cover type confusion. Around 98.9% pixels remain 30 m resolution after some post-processing to this dataset. Based on this map, majority aggregation and proportion aggregation approaches were employed to create a multi-resolution hierarchy(i.e., 250 m, 500 m, 1 km, 5 km, 10 km, 25 km, 50 km, 100 km) of land cover maps to meet requirements for different resolutions from different applications. Through accuracy assessment, we found that the best overall accuracies for the post-processed base map(at 30 m) and the three maps subsequently aggregated at 250 m, 500 m, 1 km resolutions are 69.50%, 76.65%, 74.65%, and 73.47%, respectively. Our analysis of area-estimation biases for different land cover types at different resolutions suggests that maps at coarser than 5 km resolution contain at least 5% area estimation error for most land cover types. Proportion layers, which contain precise information on land cover percentage, are suggested for use when coarser resolution land cover data are required.  相似文献   

Using a Lagrangian model to estimate source regions of particles in sediment traps     

ZhongFeng Qiu  A. M. Doglioli  F. Carlotti 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(10):2447-2456

A Lagrangian model is used to evaluate source regions of particles collected in the sediment traps at the DYFAMED(Dynamique des Flux Atmosphériques en Méditerranée) station by tracking particles backwards from March 1 to August 31, 2001. The analysis suggests that source regions depend on the flow fields, the settling speed of the particles, and the deployment depths of the traps. Monthly variation is observed in the distribution patterns of source regions, which is caused by the currents. The source regions are located around the traps and up to hundreds of kilometers away. As the settling speed increases with the particle diameters, the distance to the source regions decreases. The vertical flux can be approximately estimated in 1D for the particles with diameters larger than 500 μm. Furthermore, traps moored at various depths at the DYFAMED can collect particles that originated from different regions in the Ligurian Sea.  相似文献   

土体强度与变形尺度特性的理论与试验分析     

房营光 《岩土力学》2014,35(1):41-47

土体是一种颗粒介质,其强度与变形特性具有显著的颗粒尺度效应。采用胞元土体模型和三轴抗剪试验分析了土体强度和变形的尺度效应特性。根据土体中不同尺度颗粒间相互作用表现出的聚集和摩擦效应,提出了“基体-增强颗粒”土体胞元模型,胞元体由基体和增强颗粒组成,其中基体由微小土颗粒集成,而增强颗粒为砂粒,宏观土体则简化为由许多胞元体构成的介质。引入广义球应变和广义等效应变,基于应变能导出了考虑颗粒尺度效应的应力-应变关系以及屈服应力计算公式;同时,针对增强颗粒不同粒径和体分比的土体进行一系列三轴不排水抗剪试验,给出了应力-应变和屈服应力尺度效应的测试结果。试验和理论计算结果均表明,土体强度和变形的尺度效应随增强颗粒的体分比增加以及粒径的减小而增强,由此反映出土体强度和变形显著的尺度效应;土体强度和变形尺度效应的理论预测结果与试验具有较好的一致性。  相似文献   

小波降噪与粒子群优化综合回归爆破震动参数     

张乐文  王洪波  邱道宏  孙怀凤  孙子正  丁万涛 《岩土力学》2014,35(Z2):338-342

爆破震动测试得到的数据常常具有较大的离散性,采用剔除错误数据和小波降噪对爆破震动检测数据进行预处理,以标准残差平方和作为爆破振动实测数据与萨道夫斯基公式拟合值偏差大小的判断依据,应用小波降噪对实测数据进行处理的方法,优化了粒子群算法对萨道夫斯基公式中的k和 的回归分析。研究结果表明,小波降噪和粒子群优化算法结合使用,能够较真实地反映爆破震动测试的真实情况,从而提高了对爆破震动测试模拟的精度。研究结果对爆破振动测试理论和工程实践具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

不同粒径级砂土渗透特性试验研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

苏立君  张宜健  王铁行 《岩土力学》2014,35(5):1289-1294

渗透性是砂土的重要工程性质之一,影响砂土渗透性的因素有很多,比如土体密实程度、土颗粒自身特性、流体性质等,其中孔隙率与颗粒粒径是两个重要影响因素。而以往基于混合粒径的天然砂土的研究很难分别对这两个因素进行独立的研究。基于此,首先开展了单一粒径级砂土的常水头渗透试验,分别研究了同一粒径级砂土渗透系数随孔隙率的变化和同一孔隙率下不同粒径级砂土渗透系数随均值粒径的变化规律。试验结果显示,渗透系数随着孔隙率的增加而线性增加、随均值粒径二次方的增加而线性增加,其中均值粒径的影响较大,其变化能导致渗透系数量级上的差异。在此基础上,开展了多粒径混合砂土的渗透试验,讨论了曲率系数、不均匀系数等级配参数对渗透性的影响,从而将单一粒径级的研究成果推广到天然砂土,最终拟合出渗透系数与相关影响因素的经验公式,以便工程实践参考使用。  相似文献   

基于颗粒破碎的钙质沉积物高压固结变形分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

秦月  姚婷  汪稔  朱长歧  孟庆山 《岩土力学》2014,35(11):3123-3128

采用高压固结试验,研究珊瑚礁沉积碎屑物试样在固结、回弹过程中的变形特性以及在不同加载方式、含水条件下的颗粒破碎情况,分析含砂量对变形的影响以及不同试验条件下的颗粒破碎规律。研究结果表明,不同的含砂量使砂、砾在试样固结时起到的作用不同,导致试样变形规律存在差异;加载方式、含水条件等对颗粒破碎影响显著,并在颗粒破碎结果分析中发现,0.25 mm是颗粒破碎时相对稳定的粒径,是研究钙质砂颗粒破碎的一个重要粒径界限,其结果对于将钙质碎屑物作为稳定的填筑材料、提高珊瑚礁地基稳定性等具有实用价值。  相似文献   

断层三维滑动速率反演的算法对比     

王宏宇  刘杰  山锋 《大地测量与地球动力学》2015,35(1):30-33

将微粒群优化算法与位错理论模型相结合,采用模拟重力测量数据反演断层三维滑动速率,并比较了该算法与蒙特卡洛法和蚁群算法的反演结果。利用河西地区2001~2004年的GPS数据,对祁连山断层的三维滑动速率进行反演,并与蚁群算法进行比较。结果表明,微粒群优化算法可有效求解断层的三维滑动速率,收敛快、精度高。  相似文献   

量子粒子群模糊神经网络碳酸盐岩流体识别方法研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

刘立峰  孙赞东  韩剑发  赵海涛  能源 《地球物理学报》2014,57(3):991-1000

根据不同流体性质在角度道集上所反映特征的差异,构建了多属性角度叠加数据体组合流体识别因子.并将量子粒子群与模糊神经网络相结合,利用量子粒子群方法来优化模糊神经网络中的连接权值和隶属函数参数,并进行一系列的改进措施,显著提高了算法的全局寻优能力.将近远角度叠加数据体组合流体识别因子作为改进模糊神经网络的输入,流体性质作为输出,同时引入“相控流体识别”的思想,利用碳酸盐岩储集相进行控制,建立了碳酸盐岩流体识别模型.通过塔中实际井区进行验证,证明该方法能够提高流体的识别精度,具有很好的实际应用价值.  相似文献