Alteration Patterns Related to Hydrothermal Gold Mineralizaition in Meta-andesites at Dungash Area, Eastern Desert, Egypt   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Hossam A. Helba    Khalil I. Khalil  Nagdi M. F. Abou 《Resource Geology》2001,51(1):19-30

Abstract: The hydrothermal alteration patterns associating with the gold prospect hosted by metavolcanics in the Dungash area, Eastern Desert of Egypt, were investigated in order to assign their relationship to mineralization. The metavolcanics of andesitic composition are generated by regional metamorphism of greenschist facies superimposed by hydrothermal activity. Epidote and chlorite are metamorphic minerals, whereas sericite, carbonates, and chlorite are hydrothermal alteration minerals. The auriferous quartz vein is of NEE‐SWW trend and cuts mainly the andesitic metavolcanics, but sometimes extends to the neighbouring metapyroclastics and metasediments. Quartz‐sericite, sericite, carbonate‐sericite, and chlorite‐sericite constitute four distinctive alteration zones which extend outwards from the mineralized quartz vein. The quartz‐sericite and sericite zones are characterized by high contents of SiO₂, K₂O, Rb, and As, the carbonate‐sericite zone is by high contents of CaO, Au, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Y, and the chlorite‐sericite zone is by high contents of MgO, Na₂O, Zn, Ba, and Co. Gold and sulphide minerals are relatively more abundant in the carbonate‐sericite zone followed by the sericite one. The geochemistry of the alteration system was investigated using volume‐composition and mass balance calculations. The volume factors obtained for the different alteration zones, mentioned above (being 1.64, 1.19, 1.17, and 1.07, respectively), indicate that replacement had taken place with a volume gain. The mass balance calculations revealed addition of SiO₂, K₂O, As, Cu, Rb, Ba, Ni, and Y to the system as a whole and subtraction of Fe2O3 from the system. Initial high aK+ and aH+ for the invading fluids is suggested. As the fluids migrated into wallrocks, they became more concentrated in Mg, Ca, and Na with increasing activities of CO₂ and S. The calculated loss‐gain data are in agreement with the microscopic observations. Breakdown of ferromagnesian minerals and feldspars in the quartz‐sericite, sericite, and chlorite‐sericite zones accompanied by loss in Mg, Fe, Ca, and Na under acidic conditions and low CO2/H2O ratio may obstruct the formation of carbonates and sulphides, and the precipitation of gold in these zones. The role of metamorphic fluids in the area is expected to be restricted to the liberation of Au and some associated elements from their hosts.  相似文献   

Thermochronology for the Granitic Pluton Related to Lead-Zinc Mineralization in Tsushima, Japan     

Hiroaki IKEMI  Nobutaka SHIMADA  Hitoshi CHIBA 《Resource Geology》2001,51(3):229-238

Abstract: K–Ar datings and oxygen isotope analyses revealed a cooling history of the Uchiyama granitic pluton, which is genetically related to the Pb-Zn deposits (Taishu mine) in the Tsushima Islands, Japan. The pluton intrudes into the Paleogene Taishu Group to form the biotite-hornfels zone, while the Taishu vein-type Pb–Zn deposits occur in fissures developed in the non-hornfels zone about 1 to 3 km westward from the contact. Amphibole and biotite K-Ar ages of the pluton have a wide range from 19 to 13 Ma. Oxygen isotopes of the biotite and coexisting quartz grains indicate that isotopic exchange reactions have occurred under subsolidus conditions, and that the K-Ar ages are affected by various cooling rates in the pluton. The mineralization age of the Taishu ore deposits is obtained for the first time to be 15.40.8 Ma by a K-Ar age of 2 M ₁–muscovite in a calcite–quartz–muscovite–chlorite veinlet of the Shintomi orebody. Whole rock K-Ar ages of biotite-hornfels near the pluton represent similar ages to the ore deposits. Using blocking temperature calculated from reported diffusivity for argon, the pluton was cooled from 560 to 350C in the period of 17 to 14 Ma. The vein formation took place after the time when temperature in wall rocks of the pluton had dropped below the brittle-plastic transition (about 400C). These results imply that the cooling of the pluton has caused injection of magmatic fluids into meteoric hydrothermal systems, and the Pb-Zn mineralization has occurred due to this mixing at the age of about 15 Ma.  相似文献   

KEY ROLE OF METALLOGENIC THEORY OF POLYGENETIC COMPOUND ORE DEPOSITS IN LOCATION PREDICTION OF HIDDEN ORE DEPOSITS IN DIWA REGIONS     

PENG Sheng-lin  LIU Liang-ming  LAI Jian-qing 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2001,25(1)

The metallogenic theory of polygenetic compound ore deposit is the Important basis for location prediction of hidden ore deposits in diwa regions.It can play an important role in each step of prediction research,targeting procedure,acquiring information and integrating information.In this paper,the authors discusses how to construct geological concept by using of the metallogenic theory of polygenetic ore deposits for predicting targeting area,to arrange investigation and detection for getting enough useful information,and to analyze and integrate information for reaching a trustful prediction conclusion.According to these strategies,we conduct a successful prediction of location of hidden ore bodies in the outer of the Fenghuangshan copper mine,a principal producing mine in Tongling Cu-Au district.  相似文献   

湘南地区表生氧化锰矿地球化学行为及成矿机理研究     

李雪  钟运鄂等 《湖南地质》2001,20(1):9-14

本文通过对湘南表生氧化锰矿主要造岩元素地球化学行为的研究，较深入地探讨了该区红土型，铁帽型和堆积型乖表生氧化锰矿的形成机理。  相似文献   

新疆阿尔泰可可托海3号伟晶岩脉磷灰石矿物中稀土元素“四分组效应”及其意义   总被引：19，自引：2，他引：19  

张辉  刘丛强 《地球化学》2001,30(4):323-334

新疆阿尔泰可可托海3号伟晶岩脉磷灰石矿物中稀土元素（REE）和其他微量元素的ICP－MS分析结果表明，Y／Ho,Zr/Hf和Nb/Ta明显偏离球粒陨石中对应的比值，并存在显著的REE“四分组效应”，REE“四分组效应”量化特征参数TE3，4主要与Y／Ho,Nb/Ta分异程度有关，与δEu负异常演化程度相一致，锰铝榴石也呈现REE“四分组效应”和Y／Ho,Nb/Ta显著分异，指示REE“四分组效应”是形成伟晶岩熔体的一个基本特征，并不是由富LREE矿物（如独居石）和富HREE矿物（如四榴子石）结晶引起的残余熔体REE含量的异常变化，其机制可能是富F，B和P的过铝质窝本与含水流体间相互作用，REE在流体相／熔体相的分配受温度，压力和流体相组成复合控制的综合结果。  相似文献   

末次盛冰期北美风成环境变化及其在全球气候突变事件中的意义   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

冯兆东  汪海斌 《第四纪研究》2001,21(5):436-442

本文用末次冰期北美大冰盖南缘的风尘堆积记录来重建末次盛冰期的亚极地环境变化.磁化率、有机碳含量和潜育化程度的资料表明,末次盛冰期的前期(约21000～15000aB P.)植被覆盖较差,而后期(15000～10000aB.P.)植被覆盖较好,15 000aB.P.环境发生了急剧的变化,磁化率曲线显示了大约1000a的氧化-还原周期.这种大约1000a的环境变化周期很可能由低纬地区的海洋和大气的扰动所驱动,这种扰动的能量通过北美大冰盖及时地传递到北大西洋.  相似文献   

铅同位素特征对成矿物质来源的制约--以华北地块北缘中段铅锌银矿床为例     

毛德宝  钟长汀  陈志宏  胡小蝶 《华北地质》2001,24(4):193-200

华北地块北缘中段是我国铅锌银矿床的重要富集区之一.对这些矿床的成因研究长期以来存在诸多争论.笔者依据成矿地质、地球化学和成矿年代学等特征,将本区铅锌银矿床划分为四种类型.通过对铅同位素地质特征的研究,探讨了成矿物质来源,指出区域古元古代变质基底和中新元古代地层是成矿物质的重要来源之一.  相似文献   

Influence of late Holocene hillslope processes and landforms on modern channel dynamics in upland watersheds of central Nevada     

Jerry Miller  Dru Germanoski  Karen Waltman  Robin Tausch  Jeanne Chambers 《Geomorphology》2001,38(3-4)

Stratigraphic, geomorphic, and paleoecological data were collected from upland watersheds in the Great Basin of central Nevada to assess the relationships between late Holocene climate change, hillslope processes and landforms, and modern channel dynamics. These data indicate that a shift to drier, warmer climatic conditions from approximately 2500 to 1300 YPB led to a complex set of geomorphic responses. The initial response was massive hillslope erosion and the simultaneous aggradation of both side-valley alluvial fans and the axial valley system. The final response was fan stabilization and axial channel incision as fine-grained sediments were winnowed from the hillslope sediment reservoirs, and sediment yield and runoff processes were altered. The primary geomorphic response to disturbance for approximately the past 1900 years has been channel entrenchment, suggesting that the evolutionary history of hillslopes has produced watersheds that are prone to incision. The magnitude of the most recent phase of channel entrenchment varies along the valley floor as a function of geomorphic position relative to side-valley alluvial fans. Radial fan profiles suggest that during fan building, fan deposits temporarily blocked the flow of sediment down the main stem of the valley, commonly creating a stepped longitudinal valley profile. Stream reaches located immediately upvalley of these fans are characterized by low gradients and alternating episodes of erosion and deposition. In contrast, reaches coincident with or immediately downstream of the fans exhibit higher gradients and limited valley floor deposition. Thus, modern channel dynamics and associated riparian ecosystems are strongly influenced by landforms created by depositional events that occurred approximately 2000 years ago.  相似文献   

The Sarikavak Tephra, Galatea, north central Turkey: a case study of a Miocene complex plinian eruption deposit     

Rolf Schumacher  Ulrike Mues-Schumacher  Vedat Toprak 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2001,112(1-4)

The Sarikavak Tephra from the central Galatean Volcanic Province (Turkey) represents the deposit of a complex multiple phase plinian eruption of Miocene age. The eruptive sequence is subdivided into the Lower-, Middle-, and Upper Sarikavak Tephra (LSKT, MSKT, USKT) which differ in type of deposits, lithology and eruptive mechanisms.The Lower Sarikavak Tephra is characterised by pumice fall deposits with minor interbedded fine-grained ash beds in the lower LSKT-A. Deposits are well stratified and enriched in lithic fragments up to >50 wt% in some layers. The upper LSKT-B is mainly reversely graded pumice fall with minor amounts of lithics. It represents the main plinian phase of the eruption. The LSKT-A and B units are separated from each other by a fine-grained ash fall deposit. The Middle Sarikavak Tephra is predominantly composed of cross-bedded ash-and-pumice surge deposits with minor pumice fall deposits in the lower MSKT-A and major pyroclastic flow deposits in the upper MSKT-B unit. The Upper Sarikavak Tephra shows subaerial laminated surge deposits in USKT-A and subaqueous tephra beds in USKT-B.Isopach maps of the LSKT pumice fall deposits as well as the fine ash at the LSKT-A/B boundary indicate NNE–SSW extending depositional fans with the source area in the western part of the Ovaçik caldera. The MSKT pyroclastic flow and surge deposits form a SW-extending main lobe related to paleotopography where the deposits are thickest.Internal bedding and lithic distribution of the LSKT-A result from intermittent activity due to significant vent wall instabilities. Reductions in eruption power from (partial) plugging of the vent produced fine ash deposits in near-vent locations and subsequent explosive expulsion of wall rock debris was responsible for the high lithic contents of the lapilli fall deposits. A period of vent closure promoted fine ash fall deposition at the end of LSKT-A. The subsequent main plinian phase of the LSKT-B evolved from stable vent conditions after some initial gravitational column collapses during the early ascent of the re-established eruption plume. The ash-and-pumice surges of the MSKT-A are interpreted as deposits from phreatomagmatic activity prior to the main pyroclastic flow formation of the MSKT-B.  相似文献   

Emplacement of xenolith nodules in the Kaupulehu lava flow,Hualalai Volcano,Hawaii     

J. E. Guest  P. D. Spudis  R. Greeley  G. J. Taylor  S. M. Baloga 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1995,57(3):179-184

The basaltic Kaupulehu 1800–1801 lava flow of Hualalai Volcano, Hawaii contains abundant ultramafix xenoliths. Many of these xenoliths occur as bedded layers of semi-rounded nodules, each thinly coated with a veneer (typically 1 mm thick) of lava. The nodule beds are analogous to cobble deposits of fluvial sedimentary systems. Although several mechanisms have been proposed for the formation of the nodule beds, it was found that, at more than one locality, the nodule beds are overbank levee deposits. The geological occurrence of the nodules, certain diagnostic aspects of the flow morphology and consideration of the inferred emplacement process indicate that the Kaupulehu flow had an exceptionally low viscosity on eruption and that the flow of the lava stream was extremely rapid, with flow velocities of at least 10 m s^-1 (more than 40 km h^-1). This flow is the youngest on Hualalai Volcano and future eruptions of a similar type would pose considerable hazard to life as well as property.  相似文献