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91.
刘芊  陈多福  冯东 《地学前缘》2007,14(2):242-248
帐篷构造是碳酸盐岩中的一种特殊沉积组构,因其倒“V”字形形态类似于帐篷(tepee)而得名,被认为是一种无成因意义的沉积组构。传统的帐篷构造在海相至陆相碳酸盐岩中都有发育,形态和胶结物的不同反映了沉积环境的变化,其成因为裂隙填充的胶结物结晶膨胀导致层面突起变形。新元古代帽碳酸盐岩中广泛发育有倒“V”字形的类似构造,但由于形态和成因上都和传统的帐篷构造有所区别,被称为“帐篷状构造”(te-pee-likestructure)。目前其成因解释主要有:“巨风暴潮波痕”、“甲烷气体渗漏”、“地下水侵位”和“晶体结晶”的假说。由于帐篷状构造的形成过程与机制和帽碳酸盐岩的成因密切相关,对帐篷状构造的进一步研究必将帮助我们对新元古代冰期结束机制的理解。  相似文献   
92.
三维波动方程基准面校正方法的应用研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7       下载免费PDF全文
波动方程基准面校正处理被认为是当地表高程变化剧烈、地表一致性假设又不成立的情况下对于常规高程基准面校正的必要替代. 在二维波动方程基准面校正方面,前人已经作了大量工作,并且在实际应用中获得了良好的效果,应该将其进一步推广到三维. 本文采用三维频率空间域有限差分波场延拓算子以“逐步-累加”的方式实现了三维波动方程基准面校正,并对实际数据进行了处理. 对于西部某三维数据的实际计算结果表明,相对于传统的模型法高程静校正,波动方程基准面校正更合理地实现了基准面校正,有助于提高后续的速度分析精度和成像质量.  相似文献   
93.
In different areas of the Western Desert of Egypt, the Abu Roash “G” Member exhibits either a reservoir or source affinity. Thus, thirteen cutting samples covering the Abu Roash “G” Member were selected from the Nest-1A well at Matruh Basin to investigate its hydrocarbon source potential. Palynological age dating of the section that is calibrated with foraminifera and ostracodes enabled a proper identification of the “G” Member. Detailed analysis of the vertical distribution of particulate organic matter of this member shows two palynofacies types. PF-1 reflects an outer middle shelf depositional environment of prevailed reducing (suboxic-anoxic) conditions for the organic-rich shales of the lower “G” Member (samples 1–8). While, PF-2 reflects a minor regression that resulted in deposition of another organic-rich shales of the upper “G” Member (samples 9–13) in an inner middle shelf setting under the same prevailing reducing (suboxic-anoxic) conditions.Organic geochemical analysis reveals good to very good potential of the “G” Member as a hydrocarbon source rock (1.8–2.41, avg. 2.15 total organic content wt %). It also shows good to very good petroleum potential (PP: 4.8–11 , avg. 8 mg HC/g rock). Pyrolsis and palynofacies analyses show kerogen type II for the lower “G” Member (samples 1–8), which is characterized by high Hydrogen index (HI: 396 and 329 mg HC/g TOC at depths 1500 and 1560 m) and very high dominance of oil-prone material (amorphous organic matter “AOM”, marine palynomorphs, and sporomorphs) and very rare occurrence of gas-prone material (brown phytoclasts). The upper “G” Member (samples 9–13) shows kerogen type II-III, which is characterized by a lower HI value of 213 mg HC/g TOC at depth 1340 m and it contains fewer amounts of gas-prone material and relatively lower AOM and marine palynomorphs in comparison to the upper “G” Member. Maturation parameters Tmax (430–433 °C), production index (PI: 0.1 mg HC/g rock), and thermal alteration index (TAI: 2+) indicate the lower “G” Member has already entered the early oil-window kitchen, and it is expected to produce oil. The upper “G” Member is expected to produce only oil with no gas shows, because it is marginally mature (Tmax 426 °C, PI 0.2, TAI 2). The source potential index (SPI: 5.3 t HC/m2) of the “G” Member shows it as currently generating moderate quantities of oil in the area of Nest-1A well.Consequently, the organic-rich shales of the “G” Member are suggested here as a promising, active oil source rock in that extreme northwestern part of the Western Desert of Egypt. However, for commercial oil recovery from the Abu Roash “G” Member, it is highly recommended to explore the depocentre of Matruh Basin at about 150 km east the Nest-1A well.  相似文献   
94.
The byrrhid subfamily Lidryopinae subfam. nov. is proposed for Lidryops occultus gen. et sp. nov. described from Lower Cretaceous “opaque” amber originated from Archingeay-Les Nouillers, Charente-Maritime, southwest France which was studied using propagation phase contrast X-ray synchrotron microtomography at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Grenoble). This byrrhid subfamily differs from members of the closely related groups (Chelonariidae, Limnichidae, Dryopidae, Elmidae, Lutrochidae) in the set of characters including the moderately convex dorsum, the subpectinate antennae, the five-segmented tarsi with strongly lobed tarsomeres 1–4, subsecuriform ultimate maxillary and labial palpomeres. An assumption on probable lifestyle of Lidryops occultus gen. et sp. nov. is proposed on the basis of structural peculiarities. A short review of the byrrhid fossil record and its analysis are made.  相似文献   
95.
The United Kingdom Institute of Hydrology (UKIH) smoothed minima baseflow separation method originally developed for the daily flow data of perennial streams and adopted for intermittent streams is presented. The adopted method (AdUKIH) is the generalized version of the UKIH and hence applicable not only to intermittent streams but also to perennial streams. The AdUKIH method is applied on three daily streamflow gauging stations from the European part of Turkey, the Thrace region. The AdUKIH enables one to change the parameter 0·9 in the UKIH method and also introduces different block sizes, which is limited to five days in the original UKIH method. The AdUKIH method is considered a useful tool in helping practitioners and researchers to separate continuous baseflow from the daily flow in perennial and intermittent streams. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
96.
It is generally accepted that pegmatites are derived from large masses of granite but, even in areas where complete mineralogical, chemical and isotopic datasets are available, the relation between pegmatites and host granitic rocks or nearby plutons is usually not simple to address. The Pavia pluton, located in the Ossa-Morena Zone (Iberian Massif), is a multiphase intrusive body constructed over ∼11 m.y. by the amalgamation of several batches of magma. At the first glance, pegmatites seem to constitute a very homogeneous pegmatite field. They are mainly “intragranitic” thin tabular dikes, unzoned, layered, or with simple internal structure and are composed by the ordinary minerals that constitute the different classes of igneous rocks. They also present identical whole rock major and trace elements geochemistry and isotopic signature [(87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.70434–0.70581, ɛNdt = −1.3 to −3.7 and δ18O = 8.2–9.6‰] but, based on previously published geochronological data, three generations of pegmatites were identified. Two of these are coeval with the emplacement of the host granites (s.l.) at 328 Ma and ca. 324 Ma. The other is related to a later magmatic event at 319–317 Ma. A similar and rather juvenile source is suggested for host granites (s.l.) and pegmatites but a simple and continuous process of intra-chamber magmatic differentiation is not supported by our data. It is suggested that pegmatites derived from slightly evolved batches of magma that interacted with fresh, newly emplaced, batches (from the same or from a similar source) with limited interaction with the crust. Therefore, the Pavia pegmatites do not represent the final products of magmatism at this level of the crust but slightly differentiated products of different batches of magma. This study demonstrates how long-lived magmatic systems can potentially affect the recognition of granite–pegmatite genetic relationships.  相似文献   
97.
钻孔灌注桩的孔底沉渣和桩侧泥皮限制了灌注桩的应用,而灌注桩后压浆技术的应用,较好地解决了这一难题。结合工程实际,叙述了后压浆技术的施工技术要点和施工控制措施,分析了影响注浆管“开塞”的因素及确保成功“开塞”的技术措施。  相似文献   
98.
此次发生的滑坡和泥石流灾害,造成重大人员伤亡及经济损失。从地质构造、植被、地形和诱发条件4个方面分析灾害的形成。在研究该地区此类地质灾害发生的共同规律和个性特征的基础上,提出相应的防治对策和建议,以促进楚雄市地质灾害的防灾减灾工作。  相似文献   
99.
文昌9区位于珠江口盆地文昌A凹陷六号断裂—珠三南断裂带之间。古近系珠海组是主要储集层系,埋深基本大于3km,为扇三角洲前缘-潮坪相沉积储层,储层物性以低渗特征为主,局部发育中渗。为扩大勘探油气储量和后期合理有效开发,"甜点"储层寻找至关重要,笔者通过常规物性、测井解释、岩石薄片分析、二维核磁共振等,认识成岩相展布与储集层厚度、物性分布,综合沉积作用、成岩作用等,精细剖析珠海组低渗成因及储集厚度与物性差异发育的主控因素。研究表明:珠海组低渗特征形成的主要原因是压实作用,水下分流河道、潮道和砂坪微相为最有利储集相带,其次为混合坪,二者均可能形成"甜点"储层;压实程度偏弱、粒度较粗、溶蚀较强或绿泥石包壳发育区为潜在的"甜点"储层发育区,可确定六号断裂—珠三南断裂带之间发育"甜点"储层;六号断裂带相近埋深,六号断裂带附近区域较远离区域更有利于"甜点"储层发育。  相似文献   
100.
对“以后”和“后来”进行详细深入的对比分析。在语义上,“以后”可以表示时间和范围,“后来”只用来表示过去的时间;在句法功能上,方位词“以后”既可以单用也可以作后置成分,而时间名词“后来”常常单用,单用的“以后”和“后来”在同现副词、连词以及句式选择上都有着不同的特点。最后对留学生学习过程中出现的偏误作了简要分析。  相似文献   
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