Foreign Direct Investment,Ecological Withdrawals,and Natural-Resource-Dependent Economies     

Michael A. Long  Paul B. Stretesky  Michael J. Lynch 《社会与自然资源》2017,30(10):1261-1276

This article examines the relationships between foreign direct investment (FDI) and natural resource depletion and natural resource rents for a longitudinal (2005–2013: N?=?125 nations) sample of less developed countries (LDCs). Theoretically, we argue that FDI contributes to increased ecological withdrawals and dependence on the natural resource sector for economic growth within countries. We hypothesized that LDCs with higher levels of FDI would also have higher levels of natural resource depletion and income (i.e., rents). We assess whether this hypothesized relationship holds across nations in our sample for four different natural resource depletion and rents measures (energy, forest, mineral, and total natural resources). We find strong support for our hypotheses regarding natural resource depletion and resource rents, with the exception of energy rents. The outcome lends support to the ecological withdrawal and ecostructural theory of foreign investment dependence perspectives.  相似文献   

Choosing the Right Policy Tools to Encourage Watershed Stewardship through the Study of Attitude     

Matt DeAngelo  Max Nielsen-Pincus 《社会与自然资源》2017,30(11):1328-1342

Recently, a number of “Payment for Watershed Services” programs have aimed to engage private landowners in watershed stewardship initiatives by offering financial incentives for adopting watershed best management practices. However, a growing field of research suggests that financial incentives alone may be of limited utility to encourage widespread and long-standing behavior change, and other policy tools may be required. This research examines how attitudes may influence enrollment in watershed stewardship programs to shed light the application of incentive, capacity building, and symbolic policy tools. We distributed a questionnaire to rural landowners in the Clackamas River watershed, OR, and received 281 valid responses (29% response rate). We found that attitudes associated with trust, ecological understanding, and technical capacity played more fundamental roles compared with financial considerations. We interpret these findings by evaluating the likely efficacy of various policy tools, and stress the importance of engaging landowners by building capacity and trust.  相似文献   

Diverging Discourses on Bauxite Mining in Eastern India: Life-Supporting Hills for Adivasis or National Treasure Chests on Barren Lands?     

Patrik Oskarsson 《社会与自然资源》2017,30(8):994-1008

This article identifies the two dominant discourses that attempt to explain socioenvironmental change from bauxite mining in Eastern India and compares them to empirical material from three proposed mining locations. The anti-mining “life-giving hills” discourse understands the bauxite-bearing hills as an essential part of a wider ecosystem that supports sustainable, indigenous communities. The pro-mining “treasure chest” discourse, on the other hand, sees barren, uninhabited hilltops with rich ore deposits possible to extract for the benefit of the nation without harming nearby forests or communities. It is found that both discourses hold universalizing aspirations not backed up by available evidence. The technical rationality of mining proponents create sweeping generalizations resulting in unmitigated socio-environmental change, while the eco-romanticist opposition fails to see how communities and environments are differentially affected by mining. Two untenable discourses at present underpin seemingly intractable conflict without addressing wider resource politics dominated by political and business elites.  相似文献   

东营石油装备制造业创新网络演化研究   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

叶琴  曾刚  杨舒婷  陈弘挺 《地理科学》2017,37(7):1023-1031

采用社会网络分析方法,借助Ucinet、ArcGIS等软件工具,从多维邻近的视角出发,对东营石油装备业创新网络演化进行分析研究,研究发现：首先,多维邻近对东营创新网络发展产生了重要影响,且不同网络发展阶段（培育、起步、成长）主导的邻近因子不同。这一方面证实了Boschma多维邻近性的相关理论假说,另一方面指出多维邻近因子与东营创新网络演变的不同关联。其次,高校、大型国有企业是东营创新网络的知识源泉和组织者。中国石油大学（华东)、胜利油田集团企业发挥了主导作用,这与国外中小型创新企业发挥主导作用的情形有很大差异。  相似文献   

222团发展酿酒葡萄的气候条件分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

常绪正  康永义 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2001,24(5):27-28

根据葡萄的生物学特性及其对气候条件的要求，对222团的气候资源进行初步分析，结合3年葡萄生产的实际，提出本地区适宜酿酒葡萄的生长。  相似文献   

NOAA气象卫星资料在土地覆盖分类中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭宏庆  袁会安  韩英  李秀芬 《黑龙江气象》2001,(2):22-24

运用植被的光谱响应特征，通过卫星遥感资料与行政统计数据，将大庆地区土地初步分为7类，并进行了国土资源评估，进一步探讨了环境保护与资源开发潜力。  相似文献   

旅游资源类型体系分类评价研究--以宁夏回族自治区为例   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

陶伟 《干旱区地理》2001,24(2):141-145

旅游资源（tourist resources)是旅游业可持续发展的物质基础和增长的潜力所在，是一国家一地区进行资源保护、开发和管理，制定旅游业发展规划的依据。在宁夏回族自治区旅游资源全面普查的工作基础上，对其进行了全面系统的分类评价研究，提供一典型的省级区域旅游资源分类评价案例研究，并论证了宁夏旅游资源的开发方向。  相似文献   

Quantitative Analysis of Mineral Resources for Strategic Planning: Implications for Australian Geological Surveys   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Scott  Margaretha  Dimitrakopoulos  Roussos 《Natural Resources Research》2001,10(3):159-177

A quantitative valuation study has been made of Australian state surveys with the specific goals of (1) establishing the 'worth' of current programs upgrading state government geoscientific information infrastructure, and (2) considering the results of the valuation in terms of strategic planning. The study has been done from the perspective of the community as a whole and has been undertaken in two phases reflecting the different objectives of Australian state surveys in terms of the exploration industry and government policy-making. This paper reports on the second part of this valuation process, measuring the impact of upgraded survey data on government mineral policy decision processes. The valuation methodology developed is a comparative approach used to determine net benefit foregone by not upgrading information infrastructure. The underlying premise for the geological survey study is that existing and upgraded data sets will have a different probability that a deposit will be detected. The approach used in the valuation of geoscientific data introduces a significant technical component with the requirement to model both favorability of mineral occurrence and probability of deposit occurrence for two different generations of government data. The estimation of mineral potential uses modern quantitative methods, including the U.S. Geological Survey three-part resource-assessment process and computer-based prospectivity modeling. To test the methodology mineral potential was assessed for porphyry copper type deposits in part of the Yarrol Province, central Queensland. Results of the Yarrol case study supports the strategy of the state surveys to facilitate effective exploration by improving accuracy and acquiring new data, as part of resource management. It was determined in the Yarrol Province case study that in going from existing to upgraded data sets the area that would be considered permissible for the occurrence of porphyry type deposits almost doubled. The implication of this result is that large tracts of potentially mineralized land would not be identified using existing data. Results of the prospectivity modeling showed a marked increase in the number of exploration targets and in target rankings using the upgraded data set. A significant reduction in discovery risk also is associated with the upgraded data set, a conclusion supported by the fact that known mines with surface exposure are not identified in prospectivity modeling using the existing data sets. These results highlight the absence in the existing data sets of information critical for the identification of prospective ground.Quantitative resource assessment and computer-based prospectivity modeling are seen as complementary processes that provide the support for the increasingly sophisticated needs of Australian survey clients. Significant additional gains to the current value of geoscientific data can be achieved through the in-house analysis and characterization of individual data sets, the integration and interpretation of data sets, and the incorporation of information on geological uncertainty.  相似文献   

AHP法在梅州旅游资源定量评价中的运用     

江金波 《地理与地理信息科学》2001,17(2):92-96

运用AHP法综合评价梅州主要景区 (点 )的景观质量 ,将其划分为四个等级。结合旅游发展战略规划的需要 ,首次提出了“资源度”与“开发度”的概念并利用它们制作区域旅游资源开发利用现状图 ,从而对传统的AHP法在旅游资源定量评价的运用上作了延伸。同时充分利用评价结果 ,阐述梅州旅游战略规划中确立文化旅游主题的必然性及其基本措施。  相似文献   

Evaluation of Petroleum System in Xihu Depression, East China Sea Shelf Basin     

Lü Delin 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2001,12(4)

Since Dow (l972) proposed the concept of oil system atthe AAPG annual meeting in l972, after unremitting effol.tsand progressive perfection, it has become the petroleum systemaccepted by numerous geologists at present. The concept of pe-troleum system was introduced to our country in early l990s(I)ou, l999). In fact, as early as the 1960s, based on the hy-drocarbon exploration and development practice at Songliao ba-sin and Bohai Bay basin, some viewpoints similar to petroleumsystem have be…  相似文献