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61.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(9):1071-1092
Exsolution lamellae in pyroxene and garnet porphyroblasts in pyroxenite xenoliths from the Mir, Udachnaya, and Obnazhennaya kimberlites (Siberian Craton) reveal a diverse suite of exsolved phases, including oxides (spinels, ilmenite, rutile, and chromite), pyroxene, and garnet. Textural characteristics suggest that exsolved phases progressively increased in volumetric proportions, and in some cases, the bulk xenoliths transformed from a lithology dominated by coarse grains (i.e. > 2 cm; megacrystalline) to a significantly finer-grained texture (i.e. < 1 cm). These exsolved lamellae are the result of a complex and protracted sub solidus history following magmatic crystallization. Equilibrium pressure–temperature estimates place these xenoliths at low-to-moderate pressure–temperature conditions (690–910°C and 2.0–4.5 GPa) in the lithospheric mantle at the time of entrainment in the kimberlite. However, reconstructed compositions of initial pyroxene and garnet crystals suggest that this suite of pyroxenites formed at considerably higher temperatures and pressures that, in some instances, may have approached the majorite stability field. Pyroxenites that do not contain primary garnet may have been derived from shallower depths. Progressive exsolution in these pyroxenites is of importance inasmuch as such processes can permit localized changes in rheological properties and may also accommodate strain within portions of lithospheric mantle. Because most xenolith studies focus on peridotites and eclogites, the pyroxenite sample suite studied in this work represents an important contribution towards a greater understanding of the Siberian lithospheric mantle. 相似文献
62.
紧邻郯庐断裂带分布的山东昌乐新生代玄武岩含有丰富的辉石岩捕虏体。根据辉石岩的主、微量元素特征,可以将它们大致分为3类。Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类样品的岩石地球化学特征分别与河北汉诺坝-阳原新生代玄武岩中的Cr系列和Al系列辉石岩捕虏体相对应,都属壳-幔过渡带或岩石圈顶部地幔的分离结晶产物,其中Ⅱ类辉石岩还包含有陆壳物质组成,更可能是壳幔过渡带来源。Ⅲ类辉石岩在岩石地球化学特征上与汉诺坝的石榴石辉石岩相似,但不同的样品则分别表现出与洋岛玄武岩或正常洋中脊玄武岩相似的特征。丰富的昌乐玄武岩中辉石岩捕虏体所表现出来的复杂成因来源,与相对简单的上地幔特征相比,该区新生代时的顶部岩石圈地幔和壳-幔过渡带组成异常复杂,说明岩石圈减薄过程中自下而上的新生地幔物质对古老岩石圈的置换作用。 相似文献
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64.
The Qilin geotherm established by Xu et al. [Xu, X.S., O'Reilly, S.Y., Zhou, X.M. and Griffin, W.L., 1996. A xenolith-derived geotherm and the crust-mantle boundary at Qilin, southeastern China. Lithos, 38: 41–62.] using the Ellis and Green [Ellis D.J. and Green D.H., 1979. An experimental study of the effect of Ca upon garnet-clinopyroxene Fe-Mg exchange equilibria. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 71: 13–22]/Wood [Wood B.J., 1974. Solubility of alumina in orthopyroxene coexisting with garnet. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 46: 1-15] combination is in need of revision on the basis of re-evaluation of geothermobarometers, comparison of calculated pressures and temperatures with experimentally determined phase relationships and geological/geophysical data. The invalid assumption that all iron is present as Fe2+ in minerals, and the thermal destruction of equilibrium Fe–Mg exchange between clinopyroxene and garnet that may have resulted from heating of the Qilin xenoliths by the host magma resulted in unrealistically high temperatures estimated by the Ellis and Green's thermometer. An important implication arising from this study is that care must be taken when applying thermobarometers to Fe-rich pyroxenites for the purpose of geotherm construction and a comprehensive analysis is often required. 相似文献