中国某些板内构造与矿床的关系     

蒋明霞 《地质科技情报》1993,12(2):31-36

简要介绍了几种代表性矿床与某些板内构造的关系,其中包括郯庐断裂及其有关矿床、拉分盆地宁芜铁矿、伸展构造与胶东金矿、陆内碰撞造山带与豫西金矿、昆阳裂谷与东川铜矿等,并初步探讨了这些板内构造与板块构造活动的关系及其深部机制。  相似文献   

胶北蓬莱群的变形与变质及其区域大地构造意义   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

朱光 《大地构造与成矿学》1993,17(3):259-270

本文通过构造与变质研究及伊利石结晶度和同位素年龄测定。分析胶北蓬莱群的变形,变质及其区域大地构造意义。作为胶北唯一盖层的蓬莱群,在晚石炭世(299±4Ma)北北东—南南西区域挤压下首次遭受了强烈的蓬莱事件变形及低绿片岩相变质。其后的后蓬莱事件在胶北地区仅造成了局部的北北东—南南西向变形构造。作为华北板块南缘的胶北带,其上的蓬莱事件是华北与扬子板块沿胶南带碰撞的结果。这表明郯庐断裂带以东这两扳块碰撞发生在晚石炭世。在秦岭—大别山碰撞带以北的华北扳块南缘,由于碰撞也出现了类似胶北带的挤压变形。  相似文献   

凹凸棒石的材料矿物学实验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王奎仁  周有勤  项亮 《岩石矿物学杂志》1993,12(4):349-355

凹凸棒石对有机物,尤其对具有极性或极性基团的有机大分子有强烈的吸附作用,其机理在于它特殊的结构所导致的表面和沸石水孔道中的电性不饱和而产生的电吸附作用。凹凸棒石可以用作高分子PEK-C复合材料的填料,经过缩醛反应对凹凸棒石表面进行改性,可改善填料与基体之间内表面的粘结,提高复合材料的杨氏模量、抗张强度和断裂伸张。  相似文献   

Crustal stress in Iceland     

Bezalel C. Haimson  Barry Voight 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1977,115(1-2):153-190

Hydrofracturing stress measurements have been carried out to about 0.4 km in two boreholes in Quaternary volcanic rocks in Reykjavik, Iceland, on the flank of the Reykjanes-Langjökull continuation of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The measurements indicate a dominant orientation of _{H max} approximately perpendicular to the axial rift zone, in contrast to earthquake focal mechanism solutions from within the axial rift zone of the Reykjanes Peninsula. In one hole (H32) a depth-dependent change in stress orientation is indicated, with ₁ horizontal above a depth of about 0.25 km, and vertical below it; however the orientation of _{H max} remains unchanged. The data thus suggest reconciliation of an apparent conflict between the dominantly compressive indications of shallow overcoring stress measurements and dominant extension as required by focal mechanism solutions. The measured stresses are supported by the more reliable of overcoring measurements from southeast Iceland, and by recent focal mechanism solutions for the intraplate Borgarfjördur area. A fundamental change in crustal stresses appears therefore to occur as a function of distance from the axis of the axial rift zone. The data seem reasonably explicable in terms of a combination of thermoelastic mechanisms associated with accretion and cooling of spreading lithosphere plates. Stresses directly associated with the driving mechanisms of plate tectonics apparently do not dominate the observed stress pattern.  相似文献   

西秦岭三叠纪酸性侵入岩中高An值斜长石的成因及其地质意义     

宁亚格  李小伟  胡俊强  莫宣学  孙雨沁  张国坤  谢元惠  汪方跃 《岩石学报》2021,37(11):3527-3547

研究I型花岗岩中再循环晶的成分和结构特征，对揭示岩浆系统的形成和演化历史以及壳源和幔源岩浆的相互作用具有重要的意义。本文以西秦岭北西段三叠纪过马营复式岩体内的不同造岩矿物为主要研究对象，通过对具有不同结构特征的斜长石"粗晶"和黑云母展开电子探针（EMPA）、LA-ICP-MS微量元素面扫描、原位Sr同位素分析，来探讨含高An斜长石的成因，示踪不同岩浆房端员的属性，约束岩浆演化过程并建立多级岩浆房模型。过马营复式岩体的岩性分为偏铝质花岗岩类和过铝质花岗闪长岩类，两类岩性中均存在An值呈突变的筛状结构斜长石，即高An（72~85）区与低An（20~55）区在同一颗粒中并存，其对应主、微量元素也存在截然变化。与低An区相比，高An区具有高Fe、Mg，高Ba的特征。高钙区斜长石可进一步分为两类，第1类高钙区斜长石（An₈₀-₈₅），和第2类高钙区斜长石（An₇₂-₇₈）。第1类高钙区比第2类高钙斜长石区具有更高的Ca、Al、Fe、Mg、Ba含量。本研究中斜长石晶体存在核_高An-边_低An与核_低An-幔_高An-边_低An两种不同类型的环带结构，表明其各自的生长过程有所不同。高An区与低An区之间An值跳跃式的变化与对应主、微量元素Fe、Mg、Sr、Ba含量特征均指示斜长石成分差异并非晶内扩散、动力学作用以及物理条件的变化造成的，更可能形成于开放的岩浆系统。本文认为斜长石粗晶为再循环晶，其内部的高An区形成于深部富H₂O玄武质岩浆，低An区形成于浅部酸性岩浆房（偏铝质与过铝质）。两种不同高钙区斜长石及其对应的主、微量元素差异指示它们很可能结晶于两批次不同的玄武质岩浆，其中第1类高钙区斜长石的母岩浆相对更富Fe、Mg、Ba。两种玄武质岩浆携带高An斜长石沿岩浆通道向上运移，上升过程熔蚀先前结晶的高An斜长石，将其带入浅部酸性岩浆房后与内部花岗质/花岗闪长质岩浆发生混合。混合之后的岩浆沿高An斜长石残晶边部继续结晶生长，同时高温玄武质岩浆的注入导致浅部岩浆房已结晶的低An斜长石被熔蚀形成筛状结构，随后玄武质岩浆、混合后岩浆依次沿其边部继续生长。我们认为两批次的玄武质岩浆体积较小并未对浅部酸性岩浆房成分造成大的影响。  相似文献   

早期大陆与板块构造启动——前沿热点介绍与展望     

翟明国  赵磊  祝禧艳  焦淑娟  周艳艳  周李岗 《岩石学报》2020,36(8):2249-2275

板块构造的启动时间和机制,一直是国内外地球科学界关注的焦点,有不少热点文章对此进行了讨论。它涉及的不仅是早期地球的构造机制问题,更关系到整个地球的演化历史、变化过程和演化规律,以及地球的未来。本文对国内外的研究状况、研究重点进行了简单述评,强调地球的"热状态和热演化"是构造机制演化的关键控制因素,提出大陆形成和岩石圈的演化与板块构造起源关联密切,是理解早期板块构造启动的重要研究内容。华北克拉通是代表性的古老大陆,本文对它的研究状况给出了介绍和评述。文章最后展望了"早期大陆与板块构造启动"这一重要科学问题的研究方向,并对相应的研究方法提出了评论和建议性意见。  相似文献   

Three-dimensional analysis of vertical square anchor plate in cohesionless soil     

Awdhesh Kumar Choudhary  Bhardwaj Pandit  G. L. Sivakumar Babu 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2020,15(1):1-9

ABSTRACT

Vertical anchor plates are often provided to increase the performance of various geotechnical engineering structures such as sheet pile walls, bulkheads, bridge abutments and offshore structures. Hence, the safe design of such structures needs a better understanding of the 3D behaviour of the anchor plate. This paper presents and discusses the results obtained from a series of 3D finite-difference analyses of vertical square anchor plate embedded in cohesionless soil. The 3D model is found to closely predict experimental pullout load–displacement relationship. The failure mechanism observed in the numerical model is found to be very similar to the failure reported in experimental studies. For a given embedment depth, the stiffness of the breakout factor–displacement response substantially reduces with increase in anchor plate size. However, the ultimate reduction in anchor capacity is found to approximately 8% with an increase in anchor size from 0.1 to 1 m. Numerical analysis reveals that at deeper embedment depth, the friction angle of sand is the critical parameter in enhancing the performance of anchor plate. The obtained 3D model results are then compared with the published results and are found to be reasonably in good agreement with each other.  相似文献   

Geochemistry,zircon UPb ages and Hf isotopes of granites and pegmatites from Gubrunde region in the Eastern Nigeria Terrane: Insight into magmatism and tectonic evolution of the late Pan-African orogeny     

Saleh Ibrahim Bute  Xiaoyong Yang  Xueming Yang  Musa Bala Girei  Amuda Abdulgafar Kayode  Yigan Lu 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2022,82(1):125809

This study reports a new dataset of whole-rock geochemistry, biotite chemistry, in situ zircon UPb geochronology and Hf isotope for a suite of granite and associated pegmatite samples from the Gubrunde region in the Eastern Nigeria Terrane (ENT), Nigeria. The Gubrunde granitic rocks are weakly ferroan, peraluminous and calc-alkalic to alkali-calcic in composition, and show I-type affinity. The zircon UPb geochronology gives an age of ~580 Ma for the rocks, although the presence of inherited zircons with early Pan-African ages of 696 ± 12, 647 ± 7 and 624–613 Ma are evident indicative of a complex history of their source rocks. The Gubrunde granite and the pegmatite yielded similar average Hf crustal model age T_DM2 of 1.9 ± 0.1 Ga and εHf(t) values ?6.2 ± 1.2, suggesting that they may have sourced from reworked old crustal rocks with minor contributions from the mantle. The granite and the pegmatite were likely to connect by fractional crystallization under low to moderate pressure (~2.2 to 3.0 kbar) and temperature (~717 °C), and low oxygen fugacity (<ΔNNO ?1.14). The ca. 580 Ma magmatism may have been triggered by delamination of the lithospheric mantle as a consequence of crustal thinning during waning stage of the Pan-African orogeny.  相似文献   

ASE复合桩技术设计及试验研究     

汪攀峰 《岩土工程技术》2021,(1)

针对吹填淤泥的超软土工程性质,提出了ASE桩的概念,即沉管投入复合材料再原位扩径搅拌的施工技术。以固化细料+骨架粗料为超软土提供基本强度及骨架支撑的原理,参考搅拌桩与CFG桩的施工工艺,制作专用双塔型施工设备,尝试形成一种新的施工工艺。进行了现场初步试验,固化细料与骨架粗料的配合比较理想时,可形成较为理想的桩体。成桩质量主要受固化细料影响,骨架粗料的效果发挥需要依赖一定配合比基础的固化细料。先沉管投料再扩径搅拌的工艺是可行的,环刀型叶片能够实现扩径的效果,且双向扩径搅拌的效果要好于单向扩径搅拌的效果。ASE桩的设计计算方法及理论还需做进一步研究,可参考CFG桩与搅拌桩的相关理论开展工作,为地基处理技术的发展提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

安徽省东至县查册桥金矿地质特征及硫铅同位素示踪          下载免费PDF全文

胥飞  聂张星  沈欢喜  钱祥  石磊 《地质找矿论丛》2020,35(2):144-153

东至县查册桥金矿位于扬子陆块北缘,矿床规模达中型。为了解成矿物质来源,对查册桥金矿矿石进行了硫、铅同位素分析。结果显示:δ(34S)变化范围为1.8×10~(-3)～18.1×10~(-3),平均值为11.09×10~(-3),较集中分布在10×10~(-3)～15×10~(-3)之间,分布宽泛;矿石硫化物矿物206 Pb/204 Pb值介于17.954～19.748之间,207 Pb/204 Pb值介于15.608～15.786之间,208 Pb/204 Pb值介于38.107～39.411之间,它们的μ值9.43～9.77;ω值32.63～38.83;w(Th)/w(U)值介于3.31～3.93,Δβ值18.45～30.06;Δγ值22.96～57.97。硫、铅同位素特征表明查册桥金矿床成矿物质主要来源于上地壳,其形成与陆内造山作用和岩浆作用密切相关。  相似文献