延边天宝山多金属矿床的矿物流体包裹体激光探针~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar测年及其地质意义     

张勇  孙景贵  松权衡  赵志  陈冬  门兰静  白令安  韩世炯 《矿物岩石》2011,31(2)

延边天宝山为一座大型中高温热液多金属(铅,锌,铜,钼等)矿床,由新兴铅锌、立山铅锌铜和东风铅锌铜钼3个中型矿床所组成,研究采用单矿物流体包裹体的40Ar/39Ar激光探针定年法对其含矿石英脉进行了精细的年代学测定以确定该矿床形成时代和成矿流体来源;实验室获得的40Ar/39Ar正反等时线年龄分别为(175±10)Ma和(175±18)Ma;经验证实剔除部分接近大气的成分点和过剩氩的成分点,重新计算的正、反等时线年龄分别为(179±11)Ma和(179.1±9.8)Ma,MSWD分别为0.95和0.99,40Ar/36Ar比值分别为297.8±2.7,297.6±2.5;结合区域地质特征,认为天宝山多金属矿床的成矿应发生在早侏罗世晚期,成矿流体是以岩浆热液为主、少量大气水和地壳流体参与的混合流体。  相似文献   

ESR dating of optically bleached quartz grains from Plio-Pleistocene to Holocene coastal dune deposits (Wilderness-Knysna area,South Africa): a comparison with luminescence     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2022

Five Plio-Pleistocene to Holocene aeolian quartz samples from the coastal dune deposits of the Wilderness-Knysna area (South Africa) previously dated by OSL were selected for ESR dating. Samples were processed following the Multiple Centre approach and using the Multiple Aliquot Additive dose method. Aluminium (Al) and Titanium (Ti) signals were systematically measured in all samples.Our study shows that ESR results obtained for Middle Pleistocene to Holocene samples may be strongly impacted by (i) the presence of a significant high frequency noise in the ESR spectra acquired for the Ti signals and (ii) the choice of the fitting function employed. In particular, if not taken into account, very noisy spectra can lead to a significant overestimation of the true ESR intensity measured for the Ti–H signal. These sources of uncertainty are however not sufficient to remove the ESR age overestimations. Consequently, our results indicate that the Al and Ti ESR signals of these quartz samples have not been fully reset during their aeolian transport.While this work contributes to improve our understanding of the ESR method applied to quartz grains, and especially of the potential and limitations of the Ti signals, it also provides additional baseline data to illustrate the existing variability among quartz samples of different origins or sedimentary context. Our results are consistent with previous studies by confirming that the Ti–H signal shows the best potential for the evaluation of low dose values (<100 Gy for these samples), whereas it becomes inappropriate for the higher dose range, and the Ti–Li–H (option D sensu Duval and Guilarte, 2015) should be used instead.Beyond the methodological outcome, this ESR dating study also provides a useful addition to the existing chronology of the aeolian deposits in this region. In particular, new (and possibly) finite numerical age results were obtained for the two oldest samples, constraining the aeolianite landward barrier dune and the coversand formations to the MIS 10-8 and Pliocene, respectively.  相似文献   

海啸波作用下岸滩演变与床沙组成变化研究综述          下载免费PDF全文

陈杰  蒋昌波  邓斌  隆院男 《水科学进展》2013,24(5):750-758

从海啸波作用下岸滩演变、床沙组成变化、建筑物周围淘刷和数值模拟研究4个方面,总结分析了国内外的研究现状和最新进展,指出可控环境下的实验和数值模拟研究相对较少、床沙组成变化缺乏关注、建筑物周围局部冲刷机理认识不足、缺少多尺度数值模拟计算等是当前研究存在的主要不足。在特大型波浪水槽内开展实验研究、发展多尺度混合数学模型、完善海啸波作用下的泥沙输移计算理论等是未来研究取得突破的关键方向。  相似文献   

胡安·德富卡洋中脊富锌烟囱体流体通道演化特征     

董从芳  周怀阳  彭晓彤  袁远  姚会强 《海洋学报》2012,34(4):99-108

对采自Faulty Towers(47°57.447'N,129°6.568'W)硫化物烟囱群一个不再活动的烟囱体硫化物开展了详细的矿物学和地球化学研究。样品从外壁往内壁方向可划分为4个矿物组合带,分别为重晶石-无定形硅-铁氧羟化物带;白铁矿-黄铁矿-无定形硅-重晶石带;白铁矿-黄铁矿-闪锌矿-纤锌矿带;纤锌矿-黄铜矿-白铁矿带。从底部到顶部,样品通道形态主要有3种:不规则、不连续的多通道;椭圆形单通道;封闭的通道。矿物学研究证实,烟囱体以低温矿物组合白铁矿、纤锌矿为主,高温矿物黄铜矿少见,仅局限分布在流体通道附近。210Pb定年结果表明,烟囱壁形成经历较短时间(约3 a),而通道的闭合则经历了相对长的过程(约17 a)。结合矿物学研究,最终恢复了整个尖塔结构的生长历史。  相似文献   

骨架导电的混合泥质砂岩通用孔隙结合电阻率模型研究   总被引：15，自引：9，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

宋延杰  王秀明  卢双舫 《地球物理学进展》2005,20(3):747-756

在水介质中顺序添加分散粘土颗粒、油珠、导电骨架颗粒、层状泥质,并对每一种成分进行连续积分,建立了一种适用骨架导电及含有分散粘土和层状泥质的泥质砂岩通用电阻率模型.通过对该模型的影响因素分析,发现泥质分布形式对模型计算的含水饱和度有很大影响;对应两个不同粘土颗粒电阻率或骨架颗粒电阻率的地层电导率之差,几乎与总含水饱和度无关,而对应两个不同层状泥质电阻率的地层电导率之差,随总含水饱和度增大而增大;骨架胶结指数变化对地层电导率与总含水饱和度关系曲线的影响最大,而粘土胶结指数变化对地层电导率与总含水饱和度关系曲线的影响最小;饱和度指数对地层电导率与总含水饱和度关系曲线的影响随总含水饱和度的增大而减小.通过一组骨架导电的人造岩样的试验,表明当地层水电阻率.小于颗粒电阻率时,该模型可以用于不含粘土的骨架导电的岩石.通过两组分散泥质砂岩岩样实验测量数据和一组层状泥质砂岩测井资料及实际测井资料的计算,表明本文给出的电阻率模型既适用于分散泥质砂岩地层解释又适用于层状泥质砂岩地层解释,同时,还适用于含有分散粘土和层状泥质的混合泥质砂岩地层解释.  相似文献   

Entrainment threshold of cohesionless sediment grains under steady flow of air and water     

LUIS A. GIMÉNEZ-CURTO  MIGUEL A. CORNIERO 《Sedimentology》2009,56(2):493-509

Existing formulations for bed sediment entrainment under steady flow are incapable of explaining two well-documented observational facts: (i) water flow requires considerably higher dimensionless shear stresses to move the bed grains than air flow; and (ii) under open channel flow, steep granular beds are more stable than beds with milder slopes. These two facts, together with recent direct measurements of forces acting on bed grains giving time-mean negative drags ( Schmeeckle et al. , 2007 ), question the conventional models of forces used so far. Here, fluid forces acting on bed particles are treated in a new way in order to take into consideration the fundamental interference effects, thus obtaining appropriate magnitude estimates that exhibit good agreement with direct force measurements by Schmeeckle et al. (2007) . Impulsive pressure fluctuations generated by turbulence are shown to be capable of dislodging the bed grains by saltation under air flow, whereas they can only produce a rocking effect under water flow, thus explaining the first anomaly. On the other hand, previous work by the authors allows a direct estimate of space averaged time-mean drag and lift forces exerted on bed grains. Both components have the same order of magnitude but, contrary to the common belief, the mean lift is downward, which provides an explanation for the second anomaly. Finally, spatial disturbances of pressure, both positive and negative, appear to generate maximum, persistent, local forces considerably greater than mean forces, thus allowing an explanation for the observed negative time-mean drag. A new formula for predicting incipient motion of sediment under open channel flow is derived, which incorporates all dynamically significant effects and gives very good agreement with observation for the entire range of bed slopes.  相似文献   

向家坝水电站库区某滑坡滑带土的残余强度试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

董文萍  戴福初  张洪影  黄志全 《高校地质学报》2018,24(4):619

利用DTA-138型环剪仪对向家坝水电站库区某滑坡滑带土重塑样开展了大位移剪切条件下的环剪试验,探讨了剪切速 率（小于100 mm/min）、细粒（<0.075 mm）含量对残余强度的影响,对比分析了原状样滑面和重塑样剪切面的细粒含量变化以 及微观结构差异。研究结果表明：滑带土的原状样滑面细粒含量高于滑带,重塑样剪切面细粒含量高于剪切面上下区域;当剪 切速率由0.109 mm/min增大到98mm/min时,残余强度应力比的变化呈现先减后增的凹型,在1.09 mm/min时达到最小值（重塑 样Rr-1#,Rr-4#,Rr-5#残余强度应力比最小值分别为0.34,0.42,0.39）;残余强度随细粒含量的增加先增大后减小,呈二次多项 式关系,其临界值约为56%;随着细粒含量的增加,残余强度变化幅度随法向应力的增加而增大。  相似文献   

延边海沟金矿床石英流体包裹体激光探针40Ar/39Ar测年与成矿背景   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于介江  郭佳  崔培龙 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2010,40(4):835-844

海沟金矿为一大型贫硫化物石英脉型金矿床,长期以来其形成时代一直存在争议,致使矿床成因研究受到较大影响,成矿预测等方面研究进展缓慢。采用石英流体包裹体的⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar激光探针定年法对该金矿床进行了精细的年代学测定,获得主成矿阶段石英流体包裹体的⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar正、反等时线年龄分别为（170±20） Ma和（172±16） Ma,MSWD分别为0.31和0.35,⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar比值分别为298±4和299±4;进一步剔除接近大气的成分点和过剩氩高的成分点,计算获得等时线年龄为（170±38） Ma（⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar Int.=299±10）和（165±52） Ma（⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar Int.=303±23）。结合已有同位素年代学研究成果,进一步明确了海沟金矿床主成矿期发生在早侏罗世晚期,成矿作用与中生代库拉板块向亚洲板块俯冲、特别是由此引发的华北板块东缘与兴蒙造山带东段的强烈拼贴并诱发的岩石圈加厚、减薄作用密切相关。  相似文献   

Grain structure of the Earth's inner core     

Lucile Venet  Thierry Duffar  Renaud Deguen 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2009,341(7):513-516

The coarsening rate of an initial grain structure is calculated and compared to the inner core growth rate. An estimate of the present size of the grains in the centre of the core varies from 560 m to 12 km, depending on the value taken for the diffusion coefficient of iron in the core. Regardless of the hypotheses chosen, this size is homogeneous inside the inner core.  相似文献   

Reliable radiocarbon dating of fossil pollen grains: It is truly possible     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2023

Radiocarbon dating of fossil pollen concentrates has the potential to reduce limitations for sample selection in chronological studies of sedimentary archives. The recent development of the technology for rapidly preparing highly purified fossil pollen concentrates using a cell sorter makes it realistic to turn this dream into reality. Before utilizing pollen as a material for dating with confidence, however, it is necessary to understand the factors that may affect the result of the measurements, and to establish criteria to assess the reliability of the radiocarbon ages produced. In this study, peat soils which are commercially available in large quantities, and are hence used as our laboratory standard, as well as the varved lacustrine sediments from Lake Suigetsu, which has one of the best terrestrial radiocarbon stratigraphies in the world, were used to assess the accuracy of radiocarbon ages of pollen concentrates and to establish an appropriate protocol for sample preparation. A pollen-rich fraction prepared by a recently proposed combined method of physio-chemical pre-treatment and cell sorter (Yamada et al. 2021) was submitted to a range of different posterior treatments and radiocarbon measurement. The results were also compared with SEM (Scanning Electron Microscoic) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic observations. It was discovered that the sample prepared by the initial pre-treatment and cell sorter were not sufficiently pure and did not yield radiocarbon ages that were consistent with the terrestrial leaf fossils. Instead, the Acid-Base-Acid treatment with ultrafiltration following on from the cell sorter step proved to be highly effective in the removal of contaminants and improve the measured ages. The comparison with Suigetsu's terrestrial radiocarbon dataset also indicated that accuracy could be improved through closer assessment using the pollen taxa composition, carbon content (%C), and stable isotope ratios (δ¹³C) of the pollen concentrates. The age-depth models established by the radiocarbon dating of fossil pollen grains extracted from the Suigetsu sediments agree very well with that of plant macrofossils, and even improve the precision of the combined model. As long as handling was appropriate, the pollen concentrates prepared by the cell sorter provide reliable radiocarbon ages and the method can significantly contribute to Quaternary sciences in the future.  相似文献