The gendered reconfiguration of low-income urban household space in response to AIDS: Perspectives from Botswana     

《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(1):13-24

The study focused on three main actors within low-income urban households in Gaborone, the capital of Botswana. These were primary care givers, persons living with AIDS (PLWA) and AIDS orphans. The survey investigated the extent to which the traditional family system was coping with provisioning for its PLWA and AIDS orphans, the level to which the main actors reorganize household space in response to evolving demands, to cater for PLWA and AIDS needs, and the degree to which such spatial reorganization resonates with the gendered utilization of household space. Although the methodology of this case study was mainly participatory, it also relied on documented literature from archival sources and the Internet for its conceptual, theoretical and statistical information. The results suggest that the traditional family system is failing to cope with care provision for the PLWA and AIDS-orphaned children and that adjustments to their increasing presence within the households influence the gendered reconfiguring of household space. The traditional gendered utilization of space is thus being constantly negotiated in response to the requirements of HIV patients and those of HIV/AIDS-orphaned children. The proliferating female HIV/AIDS patient care giving and orphan children guardianship appear to be threatening the central and pivotal position of the father figure within the patriarchal household setting.  相似文献   

极差数据在统计专题图中的可视化表达     

康二梅 《地理空间信息》2012,(3):163-165

统计数据是地图的重要补充数据,对常规统计专题地图来说,可视化表现手段和方法已比较成熟,但在处理差额较大数据时往往达不到比较理想的效果。通过对统计专题地图性质及用途的分析,研究和总结了适宜不同的制图要素和不同的用图对象的极差数据可视化表达的方法。  相似文献   

Shear-wave Velocity Structure around Teide Volcano: Results Using Microtremors with the SPAC Method and Implications for Interpretation of Geodetic Results     

Francisco J. Chávez-García  Francisco Luzón  Dimitris Raptakis  José Fernández 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2007,164(4):697-720

Deformation analysis and simulation of volcanic edifices require the construction of models of elastic properties of those structures. In this paper we present an analysis of microtremor measurements recorded during the performance tests of two temporary seismic arrays installed in the eastern portion of the Teide caldera in 1994. We take advantage of recent developments of the SPAC method and use spatial cross-correlation computations to estimate phase velocity dispersion of Rayleigh waves at the location of the arrays. We show that the extension of the standard SPAC method is valid in the case of our data, justifying its use and supporting the generalization of the SPAC method to single station pairs. The phase velocity dispersion curve obtained was inverted to recover the shear-wave profile at the site of the arrays. Our results indicate that the subsoil structure of the caldera is laterally homogeneous at the scale of a few km about the location of the arrays. We obtained about 315 m of volcanic sediments overlying rocks with a shear-wave velocity of 2 km/s. These results are robust and are a starting point to further modelling of deformation, permanent or transient, at this volcanic edifice, which can be useful in the interpretation of different observed fields. In fact, the computation of deformations and gravity changes due to possible volcanic intrusions in two models; one considering the volcanic sediments and the other without considering them, provided different results in the near field.  相似文献   

Evaluation of local amplification in the seismic microzonation: comparison between punctual multidisciplinary integrated studies and macroseismic methods in Fivizzano's area (Toscana, Italy)     

Patrizio Signanini  Vittorio D'Intinosante  Maurizio Ferrini  Mario L. Rainone 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2004,22(2):227-244

In the seismic microzonation the evaluation of the local amplification issue may be solved using different methodological approaches. Taking the hint from the studies made within VEL project framework, sponsored by Tuscany Region on Fivizzano's area we are herewith comparing the results of geotechnical and geophysical integrated multidisciplinary studies with the existing data available from previous studies, mainly using a macroseismic approach, on the same area. This qualitative method does not seem to be able to make any forecasting on the scale whereas generally microzoning is performed. On the contrary, the knowledge of the geological-technical model of the investigated area, obtained by punctual multidisciplinary integrated studies, allows a direct collection of the data to insert in input step of numerical modelling, aimed to local effects evaluation. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

水对不良工程地质影响的分析     

程华龙  郝加和 《安徽地质》2002,12(4):298-301

通过对现有国内外水对不良工程地质影响的研究,分析了破坏原因和机理,指出研究中存在的问题和发展方向,对公路工程具有重要意义.  相似文献   

上公山隧洞TBM掘进主要工程地质问题及施工对策          下载免费PDF全文

隆威  尹俊涛  尚彦军  吴煜宇 《探矿工程》2004,31(12):53-55

阐述了上公山隧洞TBM掘进过程中遇到的诸如断层破碎带、节理密集带、软岩大变形、岩溶、地下水等主要工程地质问题，并详细地介绍了相应的工程处理措施。  相似文献   

均质地基中的桩基础沉降计算   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈甦 《岩土力学》1996,17(1):61-70

树桩基础为等代墩基，从明德林（Ｍｉｎｄｌｉｎ）解出发，推导了置于均质地基中的桩基础沉降计算公式，并给出了有关计算参数表，利用这些公式和表格进行沉降计算，比较方便、简单。  相似文献   

Differentiating networked services in Cape Town: Echoes of splintering urbanism?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sylvy Jaglin 《Geoforum》2008,(6):1897-1906

The central focus of this paper is on the differentiation of basic urban trading services in middle income cities and its role in service provision for the poor. Most studies dedicated to service delivery to the poor emphasize the inequalities pertaining from a growing differentiation in provision and take up some of the arguments of the splintering urbanism thesis. The paper examines some of the main claims made in this debate through a case study of Cape Town (South Africa). It illustrates how differentiation is implemented through service levels and tariffs and suggests that it is a pragmatic way of accommodating social and spatial disparities in a highly polarized city, while making progressive steps in favour of the poor. The main argument is that, in Cape Town like in many middle income cities, urban diversity restricts the relevance of conventional social policies and the scope of local solidarity with regard to service delivery. The differentiation of provision is thus a strategy to bring the diversity within the public service, and hence to preserve an institutional and financial public capacity of delivering subsidized services to the poor.  相似文献   

山区贫困县中小学空间格局变化与可达性分析——以河南省嵩县为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨慧敏  张香玲  李立  李小建  王兵 《地理科学进展》2018,37(4):556-566

山区贫困县具有经济落后、交通不便、人口分散且居住空间格局快速变化等特点,使得其中小学空间格局变化及可达性分析在教育公平中具有重要意义。本文以豫西山区贫困县嵩县为例,利用1997、2007、2015年中小学数据,运用趋势面分析和引力模型等方法对其空间格局变化及其空间可达性进行研究。主要结论为：①嵩县中小学空间布局在一些地形条件地区局部集中：小学在浅山丘陵区和低山区分布相对较多,初中则局部集中在浅山丘陵区;②撤点并校使中小学数量减少,各行政村内学校数量的分布差距缩小,趋势线逐渐平缓;③Voronoi模型的Cv值结果显示,中小学空间分布呈集聚分布状态,随着中小学数量的减少其空间集聚程度逐渐下降,在县域北部沿东北—西南走向呈现面状密集分布区,沿境内两条主要干线路(G311和S247)分别形成南北和东西向狭长带状分布区;④2015年中小学空间可达性区域差别明显,小学最远入学距离为最近入学距离的160倍,有26.1%的村庄初中入学距离达10 km以上,且全部位于中山和低山地区;⑤地形、交通、人口、经济、政策因素等对嵩县教育资源的分布具有重要影响。  相似文献   

基于WebGIS的武都精细化扶贫系统的设计与开发     

宁方志  季民  陈许霞 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(7):39-41

为响应"十三五"扶贫规划,针对"精准扶贫"的内在要求,借助Web GIS技术从贫困对象的调查及贫困信息入库、贫困对象的空间分布特征、贫困户信息查询和帮扶措施的发布4个方面着手研发了精细化扶贫系统,从而服务于四川省武都镇精准扶贫工作的开展。  相似文献