MSCT诊断不典型主动脉夹层的临床应用研究     

余红胜  吉六舟  沈又利  周泉  刘义康 《CT理论与应用研究》2017,26(2):231-240

目的:分析并总结不典型主动脉夹层(AAD)的MSCT影像表现特征,评价MSCT对该病的临床诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析13例AAD病例的MSCT平扫及CTA征象,诊断参照Stanford分型。结果:Stanford A型3例,B型10例。13例病变主动脉壁呈新月形或环形增厚,平扫呈高密度,增强无强化,5例内膜钙化内移。其中伴内膜渗漏2例、穿透性溃疡3例,主动脉外径增宽3例、管腔内径变窄2例、动脉粥样硬化9例,并发心包积液1例、胸腔积液4例。结论:AAD的CT影像学表现有其特征性,主动脉壁新月形或环形增厚是其特征性影像学表现,可伴有内膜钙化内移、内膜渗漏、穿透性溃疡、主动脉形态改变、动脉粥样硬化等,常并发心包及胸腔积液。MSCT增强前后扫描诊断AAD优势明显,平扫结合临床可以强烈提示AAD,CTA具有确诊价值。   相似文献   

支气管内膜结核的多层螺旋CT表现及鉴别诊断     

刘丽  丁世荣  蒲鹏  王国俊  苟代文  王统文  何旭兵 《CT理论与应用研究》2017,26(3):373-380

目的:总结43例支气管内膜结核(EBTB)患者的多层螺旋CT影像学特点,提高对该病的认识及鉴别诊断能力。方法:回顾性分析2014年1月至2015年12月收治的43例经纤维支气管镜及手术病理确诊的EBTB患者的临床表现、CT资料及随访结果,总结其CT特点。结果:EBTB的CT特点为:(1)病变累及范围广,可多支支气管同时受侵犯,以上叶支气管多见;(2)支气管壁多呈不规则增厚,管腔有不同程度的狭窄,支气管走形僵直,少数管腔闭塞致肺不张发生;(3)多数支气管壁可见线条状钙化;(4)胸内多见结核并发灶;(5)肺门、纵隔及腋下淋巴结肿大及钙化。结论:多层螺旋CT能更清楚地观察支气管管壁、管腔受侵犯情况及肺内并发灶,为EBTB的诊断及鉴别诊断提供了重要参考价值,提高其诊断符合率。   相似文献   

骨巨细胞瘤影像学特征及误诊分析          下载免费PDF全文

吴伟斌  彭涛  潘献伟  孟家晓  邹映文  何俊 《CT理论与应用研究》2017,26(4):505-510

目的:研究骨巨细胞瘤(GCT)的X线平片、CT、MRI影像学表现,分析误诊的原因,提高诊断准确性。方法:搜集30例手术病理证实的GCT病例,回顾性分析其术前X线平片、CT平扫、MRI影像学表现。结果:GCT发生于股骨远端13例,胫骨近端6例,股骨近段4例,肱骨近端3例,桡骨远端2例,腰椎1例,髂骨1例。术前误诊5例,约占16.7%。结论:X线平片、CT和MRI从不同角度反映GCT的病理特征,合理结合三种检查方法,能更全面显示GCT的影像学特征,有利于诊断及鉴别诊断。   相似文献   

Development of U–Pb dating of uraninite using a secondary ion mass spectrometer: Selection of reference material and establishment of calibration method     

Kenji Horie  Hiroshi Hidaka 《Island Arc》2019,28(5)

A method for U–Pb isotopic dating using secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS) was developed for uraninite. Correlation between ²⁵¹(UO)⁺/²³⁵U⁺ and ²⁰⁶Pb⁺/²³⁵U⁺ obtained by a sensitive high‐resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) was adopted for a calibration from secondary ion ratios (Pb⁺/U⁺) to the atomic abundance ratios (Pb/U). In this study, a uraninite sample (²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U = 0.1647) collected from Faraday mine, Bancroft, Canada, is used as a reference material for the U–Pb calibration. The established method was applied to three uraninite samples collected from the Chardon, Ecarpière, and Mistamisk mines. The calibrated ²⁰⁶Pb^*/²³⁸U ratios of the three uraninites show correlation with Pb/U elemental ratios obtained using an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) (correlation coefficients: 0.98, 0.99, and 0.97, respectively), which indicates the reliability of the SHRIMP calibration method used in this study. The analysis of Ecarpière uraninite provides concordant U–Pb data, and a weighted average of the ²⁰⁶Pb^*/²³⁸U age is 287 Ma ±8 Ma (95 % conf.) which is consistent with the previous chronological results by SIMS. Mistamisk uraninite provides discordant U–Pb data with the upper and lower intercept ages of 1 729 and 421 Ma, which correspond to uraninite formation in association with the Hudsonian orogeny and the remobilization of uranium as pitchblende, respectively. The U–Pb age of Chardon uraninite (315 Ma) is consistent with the igneous activity of Mortagne granite, but is older than the previously reported age (264 Ma). Marcasite in the Chardon uraninite altered to goethite under the oxidizing condition, which indicates that U–Pb system in the uraninite crystallized at 315 Ma was disturbed under the oxidizing condition. The established calibration method using Faraday uraninite is useful for U–Pb isotopic dating on the scale of a few micrometers to tens of micrometers, which make it possible to obtain the accurate age of uraninite.  相似文献   

地下水中铬的分离技术及其应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高永娟  马腾  刘存富 《地质科技情报》2006,25(4):79-81

提出了一种将地下水中的铬与其他基本离子分离的技术,用于固体离子源热电离质谱计(TIMS)测定铬同位素比值.利用铬的氧化态以阴离子形式存在的特点,采用阴离子交换色层分离法将Cr5 与干扰阳离子分离;利用铬的还原态以阳离子形式存在的特点,将Cr3 与硫酸根等干扰阴离子分离.该方法可以成功地应用于地下水中铬同位素信息的测定,在地下水铬污染研究中有着广阔的应用前景.  相似文献   

成像光谱地物识别影响因素的不确定性浅析--以矿物识别为例   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

唐攀科  王润生  杨苏明  刘圣伟  阎柏琨  陈伟涛 《地质与勘探》2006,42(2):74-78

成像光谱以其超高的光谱分辨率影像和精细的地物光谱成像能力,已经广泛地应用在地质、环境保护和生物学等领域.受多种不确定性因素影响,成像光谱地物识别从数据获取和处理到应用决策都存在不确定性.这种不确定性又可以分为基于误差的不确定性和基于变异的不确定性.文章以矿物识别为例,从机理的角度探讨了影响数据层面的上述不确定因素,指出虽然成像光谱地物识别受各种因素影响,但地物光谱的形成机理决定了这种不确定性是可以消除的.并给出一些常见的解决理论和方法.  相似文献   

X射线粉晶衍射-拉曼光谱法研究含甲烷双组分水合物结构及谱学特征     

孟庆国  刘昌岭  李承峰  郝锡荦 《岩矿测试》2021,(1):85-94

天然气水合物的晶体结构主要取决于客体分子种类与组成,目前单组分水合物的结构和谱学特征较为明确,但多组分水合物相关研究较少.为解决多组分水合物的结构识别问题,探讨其谱学特征,本文实验合成了甲烷-丙烷(CH4-C3 H8)和甲烷-四氢呋喃(CH4-THF)两种含CH4双组分水合物以及CH4、C3 H8和THF等三种单组分水...  相似文献   

The Maastrichtian-Danian in the SW Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt (S. Iran): An Integration of Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy and Gamma-Ray Spectrometry     

Abdolreza MOGHADDASI  Hossein VAZIRI-MOGHADDAM  Ali SEYRAFIAN 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(5):1339-1363

In this study, the Maastrichtian-Danian boundary was measured and sampled in two stratigraphic sections, the north and south flanks of the Dehnow anticline in Coastal Fars, Southern Iran. This boundary was also investigated in the drilled exploratory well-1 in the same region. The lithology of the Maastrichtian-Danian deposits consists of glauconitic, phosphatic argillaceous limestones and marlstones. 30 genera and 77 species of planktonic foraminifera have been determined. The recognized biozones are the Gansserina gansseri Interval Zone, and the Contusotruncana contusa Interval Zone, which indicates latest Campanian to middle Maastrichtian age for the upper part of the Gurpi Formation. In addition, the Eoglobigerina edita (P1) Partial Range Zone, Praemurica uncinata (P2) Lowest Occurrence Zone, Morozovella angulata (P3) Lowest Occurrence Zone and Globanomalina psudomenardii (P4) Taxon Range Zone represent a Danian to Thanetian age for the lower part of the Pabdeh Formation. From the absence of the Abathomphalus mayaroensis Interval Zone, Pseudoguembelina hariaensis Interval Zone, Pseudotextularia elegans Interval Zone, Plummerita hantkeninoides Interval Zone, Guembelitria cretacea (P0) Partial Range Zone and Parvularugoglobigerina eugubina (Pα) Total Range Zone, it can be deduced that there is a paraconformity across the Maastrichtian–Danian boundary in the studied area, this hiatus encompassing the late Maastrichtian and the earliest Danian. Danian deposits from the study area contain reworked glauconitized macrofossils, planktonic and benthic foraminifera of the Cretaceous. The obtained surface gamma-ray spectrometry logs resemble the exploratory well-1 gamma-ray wireline log.  相似文献   

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定饮用水中微量元素     

刘玺祥  李东雷  梁楠  舒红  王英杰 《吉林地质》2004,23(2):55-57

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法快速测定饮用水中的微量元素,样品处理简便,检出限低,重现性好,分析速度快。方法检出限为0．007～0．911μg／L,精密度达到0．73％～4．87％。  相似文献   

Sedimentary fabric characterized by X-ray tomography: A case-study from tsunami deposits on the Marquesas Islands,French Polynesia     

Raphaël Paris  Simon Falvard  Catherine Chagué  James Goff  Samuel Etienne  Pascal Doumalin 《Sedimentology》2020,67(3):1207-1229

X-ray tomography is used to analyse the grain size and sedimentary fabric of two tsunami deposits in the Marquesas Islands (French Polynesia, Pacific Ocean) which are particularly exposed to trans-Pacific tsunamis. One site is located on the southern coast of Nuku Hiva Island (Hooumi) and the other one is on the southern coast of Hiva Oa Island (Tahauku). Results are compared with other techniques such as two-dimensional image analysis on bulk samples (particle analyser) and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility. The sedimentary fabric is characterized through three-dimensional stacks of horizontal slices (following a vertical step of 2·5 mm along the cores), while grain-size distribution is estimated from two-dimensional vertical slices (following a step of 2 mm). Four types of fabric are distinguished: (a) moderate to high angle (15 to 75°); (b) bimodal low-angle (<15°); (c) low to high angle with at least two different orientations; and (d) dispersed fabric. The fabric geometry in a tsunami deposit is not only controlled by the characteristics of the flow itself (current strength, flow regime, etc.) but also sediment concentration, deposition rate and grain-size distribution. There is a notable correlation between unimodal high-angle fabric – type (a) – and finely-skewed grain-size distribution. The two tsunami deposits studied represent two different scenarios of inundation. As demonstrated here, X-ray tomography is an essential method for characterizing past tsunamis from their deposits. The method can be applied to many other types of sediments and sedimentary rocks.  相似文献