Trace element modelling of the origin and evolution of the Oyaca‐Boyalik volcanic rocks (NE of Haymana,Ankara, Turkey)     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(2):116-132

Lower Miocene Boyalik volcanic rocks, situated approximately 80 km south of Ankara, exhibit both alkaline and calc‐alkaline characteristics. Alkaline products are trachybasaltic and trachyandesitic, whereas calc‐alkaline products are dacitic. The phenocrysts in the dacites consist primarily of plagioclase and hornblende, with lesser amounts of biotite. The groundmass contains plagioclase and quartz microcrysts. Trachyandesites are mainly composed of plagioclase and biotite phenocrysts with a groundmass of alkali feldspar microlites and minor clinopyroxene microcrysts. Trachybasalts are mainly composed of olivine and plagioclase phenocrysts, with minor clinopyroxene phenocrysts associated with alkali feldspar, plagioclase and clinopyroxene microlites and microcrysts in the groundmass. Oxides are common accessory phases in all products. Boyalik volcanic rocks have essentially homogeneous incompatible trace element patterns with variable Nb and Th anomalies, enrichment in Rb, Ba, K, La, Ce and Nd, and positive Sr anomalies. Some trace element ratios (e.g. Ba/Ta, Ba/Nb, Th/U and Ce/Pb) are variable among the series. For instance, dacites and trachyandesites have higher Ba/Ta (724–2509), Ba/Nb (45–173) and Th/U (3.5–8.7) and lower Ce/Pb (7.1–3.9) values than the trachybasalts. Trace element data indicate that the series are chemically distinct but probably were derived from a common lithospheric mantle source via variable degrees of partial melting. The magmas then underwent a process of evolution involving assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) during ascent to the surface. Although trachyandesites and dacites were generated from a lithospheric mantle source via ～1% and ～1.5% to ～5% degrees of partial melting, respectively, trachybasalts were derived from the same source via higher degrees of partial melting (～20%) with neglegible crustal contamination. Boyalik volcanism is linked to an intracontinental transpressional setting. However, the overall geochemical features are consistent with derivation from a mantle source that records earlier Eocene subduction between the Sakarya continental fragment and the K?r?ehir block during time.  相似文献   

后碰撞伸展环境下的盆地特征与成盆机制   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨鑫  王亚东  刘兴旺  郑建京 《地质论评》2012,58(3):444-450

与造山带结合,动态、系统地探讨伸展盆地的成盆机制是大陆动力学研究的新思路。本文以后碰撞环境下的伸展盆地为对象,与其它类型伸展盆地相区别,尝试探讨其大陆构造属性和成盆机制。后碰撞伸展盆地一般平行于造山带展布,受相邻活动造山带控制,形成于造山带后碰撞构造环境。盆地的转换、叠合过程与相邻造山带的演化密切相关,表现为动态的耦合关系,即由前陆盆地与主碰撞造山带相耦合,发展为伸展盆地与后碰撞造山带相耦合。其成盆机制实质是地壳缩短增厚后的去"山根"作用,拆沉作用造成加厚地壳减薄,并诱发基性岩浆活动,在地表形成裂谷或断陷,接受河湖相沉积。  相似文献   

西秦岭岗察岩体地球化学特征及意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陶志华 《地质与勘探》2014,50(3):543-549

岗察岩体位于西秦岭造山带西端,该岩体形成于三叠纪中晚期,具有从中基性-酸性演化趋势。ω(SiO2)为55.15%~74.84%,Al2O3为13.12%~17.98%,K2O为1.23%~5.24%,K2O/Na2O为0.43~1.49,A/CNK为0.86~1.06,样品σ值为1.37~2.40,岩体属准铝质-弱过铝质钙碱性系列。微量元素球粒陨石标准化蜘蛛图解呈明显的右倾谱型,总体表现为Y、Yb、Zr、P、Nb、Ti(HFS)相对亏损,Rb、Th、K(LIL)富集的特征,指示岩体具有活动大陆边缘环境的特征。稀土元素(La/Yb)N为3.51~18.89,在稀土元素分配曲线上轻稀土元素富集且分异明显,重稀土元素相对亏损,Eu元素"谷"形明显,δEu为0.31~0.83,表明岩浆演化过程中有长石的结晶分异。微量与稀土元素蛛网图解形态及其组成特征还表明了岗察岩体岩浆源物质主要是由上地壳重熔演化而成。Rb-(Y+Nb)判别图解、R1-R2因子判别图解说明岩体处于西秦岭大陆活动边缘,经历了中三叠世中期西秦岭扬子地块与祁连地块之间板块碰撞造山运动。  相似文献   

柴北缘早古生代埃达克质花岗岩锆石定年及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周宾  郑有业  童海奎  许荣科  聂晓亮  马超  刘茜 《现代地质》2014,(5)

铁石观岩体位于柴达木盆地北缘中偏西段,是该地区新发现的具埃达克岩特点的花岗岩。岩石化学分析结果表明,铁石观岩体SiO2含量变化于71.36%~73.70%,Al2O3含量介于14.48%~15.64%之间,MgO含量为0.44%~0.71%,w(Sr)一般350×10-6,w(Yb)变化于0.67×10-6~1.58×10-6,w(Y)介于6.74×10-6~18.02×10-6,w(Sr)/w(Y)=21.32~72.49,富集LREE和大离子亲石元素,亏损HREE及高场强元素,与典型的埃达克岩相似。铁石观岩体锆石206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为(422.0±6.4)Ma,代表了岩浆形成年龄。研究表明,铁石观岩体形成于大陆后碰撞造山阶段,为加厚陆壳重熔形成。  相似文献   

威海市批后监管系统设计与实现     

于明辉  毕见武  樊兆震  郭小光  邵常艳 《山东地质》2014,(4):103-106

威海市国土资源局利用地理信息技术创新国土资源监管的手段,加强建设用地批后监管工作,有力保障用地行为依法进行,有效推进土地节约集约利用。该文介绍了批后监管系统的建设目标和建设原则,并详细论述了批后监管的总体框架和功能设计,说明了该系统的主要特点;并结合建设用地批后监管工作中的应用,总结了建设用地批后监管的应用经验。  相似文献   

青藏高原东南缘碰撞造山结构与物质组成:来自岩石地球化学和地球物理的联合约束     

王洋  张洪瑞 《地球科学与环境学报》2021,(3):449-468

青藏高原东南缘位于印度板块与欧亚板块侧向汇聚部位,是检验碰撞造山动力学模型的理想场所。尽可能全面收集该区已有地球物理和新生代岩浆岩数据,探讨这些资料对碰撞造山带结构和物质组成的指示。结果表明:青藏高原东南缘不同部位的壳幔结构和组成存在较大差异。兰坪—思茅地块、保山地块和腾冲地块等的中地壳(15~30 km深度)普遍发育低速层,表明富水层或者部分熔融物质的存在,为青藏高原物质向东南流动提供了可能。部分熔融产物以大型剪切带内具有高Sr、低Nd同位素特征的淡色花岗岩脉为代表。但是,扬子板块同等深度下却发育高速层,其组成很可能是峨眉山玄武岩,它的存在阻隔了碰撞带物质向东流动。扬子板块和兰坪—思茅地块下地壳底部均出现呈条带状展布的高速体。根据新生代具有高Sr、低Y的岩石显示的下地壳源区特征,结合该区地质演化历史,将上述两套呈条带状展布的高速体分别解释为新元古代铁镁质弧岩浆岩和二叠纪—三叠纪铁镁质弧岩浆岩。青藏高原东南缘地幔各向异性存在明显南、北分区特征,在26°N以北表现为SN向,在26°N以南表现为近EW向。这一差异跟俯冲的印度板片撕裂有密切关系。该撕裂在综合地球物理剖面上显示为突变的印度板片俯冲角度,在地表表现为苦橄岩、煌斑岩、埃达克岩以及淡色花岗岩等的集中出露。这一新模型明显区别于前人的岩石圈拆沉和对流减薄等作用。  相似文献   

大陆碰撞造山与成矿过程:扎格罗斯和喜马拉雅造山带对比     

张洪瑞  侯增谦 《地球科学与环境学报》2021,(3):436-448

大陆碰撞造山过程对理解板块构造登陆具有重要启示意义,但相关研究还存在较多问题。例如,几乎每个造山带都存在初始碰撞时限的争议,碰撞造山阶段存在多种划分方案,碰撞成矿作用的地球动力学机制不清楚等。通过综合对比研究扎格罗斯和喜马拉雅造山带构造-岩浆-成矿作用,发现碰撞造成的强烈挤压变形明显滞后于大陆初始碰撞时间。同时,碰撞过程还会出现滞后型弧岩浆作用。将这些碰撞初期出现的滞后型构造岩浆事件单独划分成一个碰撞造山阶段,称之为软碰撞阶段。由此,碰撞造山过程由软碰撞、硬碰撞和后碰撞3个阶段组成。其中,软碰撞阶段主要发育与低速率应变有关的变形构造和与俯冲大洋板片有关的岩浆事件;硬碰撞阶段主要为高速率应变的变形构造和大陆岩石圈俯冲诱发的岩浆事件;后碰撞阶段则会出现大量伸展构造来调节挤压应变,同时发育与大陆岩石圈拆沉、断离和撕裂有关的岩浆作用。软碰撞和硬碰撞阶段的挤压作用会造成铅锌矿床就位在褶皱逆冲带内,硬碰撞和后碰撞阶段发育的大型走滑断层控制斑岩型铜矿床的产出,后碰撞阶段出现的伸展构造赋存有金锑多金属热液矿床。碰撞造山带内保存有早期俯冲和后期碰撞阶段的新生地壳,为碰撞造山带金属成矿提供了物质来源。  相似文献   

Asteroid families: open problems     

A. Cellino  A. Dell'Oro  V. Zappalà 《Planetary and Space Science》2004,52(12):1075-1086

Asteroid families are products of catastrophic collisions, and their properties are a very important input for modelling the physics which governs these phenomena. A deep change in the interpretation of the available data on families, after a first extensive set of analyses carried out after 1990, is currently proposed by several authors. This is mainly due to the recognition of the importance of the Yarkovsky effect as a powerful mechanism of evolution of asteroids' orbits. Moreover, also the most recent results of hydrocode simulations of catastrophic collision phenomena can hardly be reconciled with family data in the absence of mechanisms of evolution of the orbits. A new general scheme of interpretation, which is in several respects opposite with respect to earlier ideas developed without consideration of a Yarkovsky-driven evolution, is emerging. However, it is not yet fully clear to what extent earlier interpretations of family properties are really wrong, and a synthesis of pre-Yarkovsky and post-Yarkovsky interpretations is probably needed. The current situation is briefly reviewed.  相似文献   

垦利县土地整理开发工作要点探索     

王春萌 《山东地质》2011,(8):52-54

伴随经济社会的不断发展,土地需求逐步增加,土地供应日趋紧张,规范土地整理开发行为,科学指导土地整理开发工作意义重大。以位于黄河三角洲的垦利县为例,根据其土地利用特点,分析开发整理工作取得成效及存在问题,探索土地整理开发工作要点,为今后开发整理工作提供理论指导和借鉴。  相似文献   

Putting together the pieces of the puzzle: Traces of New Zealand in international school geography textbooks     

Péter Bagoly‐Simó 《New Zealand geographer》2011,67(1):51-58

How does a fairly remote space (the islands of New Zealand) contribute to the development of geographical literacy in the geography textbooks of post‐socialist (Romania), Western (Germany) and post‐colonial (Mexico) countries? A four‐step analysis of three textbooks of international selection revealed different regionalisation cultures combined with traditional and recently implemented educational paradigms of geography education and led to a similar result. Despite the many ways in which New Zealand's geographical distinctiveness could be used to enhance geographical literacy, there are few operationalisations of educational targets that might contribute to sustainable long‐term learning. Further, these results also offer a possible explanation for the absence of the ‘southern lands’ on students' cognitive maps of the world.  相似文献