南太平洋所罗门群岛海域黄鳍金枪鱼繁殖生物学研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

陈峰  郭爱  朱文斌  周永东  徐汉祥  张龙 《热带海洋学报》2014,33(2):45-51

根据2012年9~12月所罗门群岛海域采集的353尾黄鳍金枪鱼Thunnus albacares样本,分析渔获物个体组成、性别比例、性成熟率和性腺指数等繁殖生物学参数。结果表明,捕获个体中包含大小两个群体;雌性群体个体规格明显小于雄性(p0.001)。春夏季9~12月雌、雄总体性别比为0.67︰1,显著偏离1︰1(p0.01);但性别比例与调查月份和个体大小密切相关,从9月到12月逐渐接近,至12月达到1︰1(p0.05)。性别比例随叉长增长逐步降低,叉长大于110cm个体中以雄性为主(p0.05),雌性比例与叉长呈现线性负相关关系,相关系数为-0.90,(p0.01)。雌、雄个体性成熟率和性腺指数在春末夏初间逐步增长,至11~12月达到最高;Ⅴ~Ⅵ期产卵个体比例增加,这表明所罗门群岛海域黄鳍金枪鱼春夏季存在产卵群体,从10月开始出现产卵个体,调查期间12月产卵个体比例达到相对最高,并且性腺指数与叉长呈现正相关关系;更一步的分析表明,雌、雄个体初次性成熟叉长分别为97.4cm和103.7cm。对该海域黄鳍金枪鱼繁殖生物学的研究有助于了解该种群资源状况,对渔业资源评估具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Identification of Phase and Sex-related ISSR Markers of Red Alga Gracilaria lemaneiformis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

SUN Xue ZHANG Xuecheng MAO Yunxiang SUI Zhenghong QIN Song 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(1):82-84

Six ISSR primers are employed to display the polymorphism of different phases and sexes of red alga Gracilaria lemaneiformis, and two of them, P1 and P3, amplified distinct band patterns. The ISSR pattern amplified by primer P1 of the female gametophyte is identical to that of tetrasporophyte, but distinct from that of male gametophyte. Of the bands produced by primer P3, one is specific to female gametophyte. Three morphologically similar fronds can be easily identified using ISSR technique. Two specific markers, SM1 and SF3, related to male gametophyte and female gametophyte, are cloned and sequenced. The homologous sequences of SM1 are found to encode a hypothetical protein. There is no homologous sequence of SF3 that can be found in GenBank.  相似文献   

条石鲷(Oplegnathus fasciatus)雌核发育的人工诱导与鉴定     

陈睿毅  刘明涛  竺奇慧  李海东  胡伟华  徐冬冬 《海洋与湖沼》2023,3(3):829-835

条石鲷(Oplegnathus fasciatus)是我国重要的经济鱼类,具有复性染色体性别决定型(X₁X₁X₂X₂/X₁X₂Y)。利用紫外线(UV)灭活的同源精子通过冷休克方法诱导了条石鲷的雌核发育,筛选精子紫外灭活剂量并优化冷休克相关参数。结果表明:条石鲷精子最适的灭活剂量为80 mJ/cm2雌核发育的最适条件为授精后2 min在3～4°C水温下处理10 min。条石鲷雌核发育子代经形态学和流式细胞仪鉴定为二倍体,进一步利用微卫星分析表明雌核发育后代的等位基因完全来自于母本没有父本基因参与。对子代的性比和生长进行了比较,结果表明条石鲷雌核发育后代均为雌性,15月龄后雌核发育后代比普通条石鲷具有更快的生长速度。研究结果为条石鲷单性苗种的培育及其性别决定机制的深入研究提供基础。  相似文献   

Use of otolith-shape analysis for stock discrimination of Boops boops along the Algerian coast (southwestern Mediterranean Sea)     

D Ider  Z Ramdane  K Mahé  JL Duffour  M Bacha 《African Journal of Marine Science》2017,39(3):251-258

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Impact of protective shark nets on sea turtles in KwaZulu-Natal,South Africa, 1981–2008     

《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(2):249-257

Shark nets were established along the KwaZulu-Natal coast in 1952 to protect bathers against shark encounters. Sea turtle bycatch data for the period 1981–2008 in these shark nets indicated that loggerheads Caretta caretta were caught most frequently at 40.9 y^–1 or 1.11 km-net^–1 y^–1, followed by green turtles Chelonia mydas at 0.32 km-net^–1 y^–1 and leatherbacks Dermochelys coriacea at 0.14 km-net^–1 y^–1. Catch rate of loggerheads increased throughout the study period, and was positively correlated with the increase in the number of nesting females from the recovering population in Maputaland, South Africa (r = 0.52, p < 0.05, n = 28). This increase is ascribed to successful nest conservation. Leatherback bycatch remained stable, following their nesting trends, although they receive similar conservation efforts on nesting beaches as loggerheads. Bycatch of green turtles, although not a nesting species in South Africa, was stable over time. Mortality varied between species (from 53.2% to 70.6%) with loggerheads being the most hardy, followed by leatherbacks and green turtles. Few hawksbills Eretmochelys imbricata and olive ridleys Lepidochelys olivacea were caught in the shark nets. Fewer sea turtles are caught by shark nets than by longlines and because the nesting populations of loggerheads, green turtles and leatherbacks are either stable or increasing in the South-West Indian Ocean, shark net bycatch was considered negligible and sustainable.  相似文献   

Mutations in Exons of the CYP17-Ⅱ Gene Affect Sex Steroid Concentration in Male Japanese Flounder（Paralichthys olivaceus）     

MA Ruiqin  HE Feng  WEN Haishen  LI Jifang  SHI Bao  SHI Dan  LIU Miao  MU Weijie  ZHANG Yuanqing  HU Jian  HAN Weiguo  ZHANG Jianan  WANG Qingqing  YUAN Yuren  LIU Qun 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,(1):99-104

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眼柄粗提物对凡纳滨对虾性分化的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱春华  赵光凤  李广丽 《广东海洋大学学报》2011,31(1)

采用生化方法制备凡纳滨对虾[Litopenaeus(Penaeus)vannamei)]眼柄粗提物,用活体注射法研究不同粗提物剂量对去眼柄凡纳滨对虾卵母细胞直径大小的影响,以检验其性腺抑制素(Gonadinhibiting hormone,GIH)的生物活性;在凡纳滨对虾仔虾后17、22和27 d,分别以不同浓度眼柄粗提物浸泡24 h,结果显示:除0.001个眼柄/mL的GIH浓度外,0.01、0.1和1个眼柄/mL组均显著降低凡纳滨对虾卵母细胞直径(P﹤0.05);浸泡处理后,仔虾后17 d GIH处理组凡纳滨对虾雌性率达70.1%～80.1%;仔虾后22 d GIH处理组雌性率达65.8%～71.7%,各浓度GIH处理组雌性率比对照组(雌雄比例约为1:1)显著提高(P﹤0.05);仔虾后27 d,0.01和1个眼柄/mL处理组雌性率(约58%)略高于对照组,但0.1个眼柄/mL处理组雌性率(73.1%)与对照组相比显著提高(P﹤0.05)。结果表明较低浓度的眼柄粗提物可明显诱导凡纳滨对虾雌性化,在仔虾后22 d前处理效果最佳。  相似文献   

Primary molecular basis of androgenic gland endocrine sex regulation revealed by transcriptome analysis in Eriocheir sinensis     

SONG Chengwen  LIU Lei  HUI Min  LIU Yuan  LIU Hourong  CUI Zhaoxia 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(1):223-234

In crustaceans, the male sexual dif ferentiation and maintenance are specially regulated by androgenic gland(AG). However, little is known about the genes involved in the regulation process.RNA-Seq was performed on AG with ejaculatory duct(AG_ED) and ejaculatory duct(ED) as control in Eriocheir sinensis, one of the most important economic and ?shery crabs with typically sex dimorphism. A total of 925 unigenes were identi?ed as dif ferentially expressed genes(DEGs) and the expression of nine genes randomly selected was con?rmed by qRT-PCR. 667 unigenes were up-regulated in AG_ED, being supposed to be AG preferential genes. Among them, the full length of i nsulin-like androgenic gland factor( IAG) cDNA named as Es-IAG was obtained as a logo gene of AG, which together with the genes i nsulin-like receptor( INR), and s ingle insulin binding domain protein( SIBD), might constitute the sex regulation pathway. Several sex related genes were identi?ed, and their function will have to be investigated. Also,the identi?cation of j uvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase 1( JHEH1), ecdysteroid 22-hydroxylase( DIB) and e cdysone receptor( ECR) preliminarily clari?ed the molecular regulation mechanism of eyestalk-AG-testis axis, which plays important roles in molting and reproduction. The results will enhance our understanding for the molecular basis of the AG involved in male sex regulation in crabs.  相似文献   

Sharks caught in the KwaZulu-Natal bather protection programme,South Africa. 14. The smooth hammerhead shark Sphyrna zygaena (Linnaeus)     

ML Dicken  H Winker  MJ Smale  G Cliff 《African Journal of Marine Science》2018,40(2):157-174

The current study provides long-term catch-rate, biological and feeding data for smooth hammerhead sharks, Sphyrna zygaena, caught in South Africa’s KwaZulu-Natal bather protection programme. In total, 2 512 S. zygaena were caught in net installations between 1978 and 2014, and 72 S. zygaena were caught on drumlines between 2007 and 2014. There was no significant log-linear year trend in the net catch rate over time (slope = 0.0054, t = 1.808, p = 0.07). However, there was a significant temporal increase in mean size of the captured sharks (slope = 0.0012, t = 3.502, p < 0.001). A quasi-Poisson generalised additive mixed model showed that increasing latitude, winter months, colder sea temperatures and the deployment of drumlines all had a significant positive effect on the catch rate of sharks in nets. The size frequency of the catch was unimodal, with significantly more females caught in the nets and more males on the drumlines. The majority (93.1%) of all sharks caught were immature and measured between 80 and 120 cm precaudal length. Teleosts and cephalopods dominated the sharks’ diet in terms of all dietary indices. The prey species consumed indicate that immature S. zygaena are feeding primarily within the pelagic zone of shallow coastal habitats.  相似文献   

Reproductive biology of Parazoanthus axinellae (Schmidt, 1862) and Savalia savaglia (Bertoloni, 1819) (Cnidaria,Zoantharia) from the NW Mediterranean coast     

Monica Previati  Marco Palma  Giorgio Bavestrello  Carla Falugi  Carlo Cerrano 《Marine Ecology》2010,31(4):555-565

Despite the wide distribution of zoanthids, little is known about their pattern of reproduction. Here we investigate the reproductive biology of two Mediterranean species, the common Parazoanthus axinellae (Schmidt) and the rare Savalia savaglia (Bertoloni). For both species, samples were collected during an annual cycle, from January to December 2005, in the Western Mediterranean (Ligurian Sea, Italy). Both species are gonochoric. In P. axinellae the sex‐ratio (n colonies = 30) showed a slight predominance of male colonies (M/F = 1.35), whereas in the population of S. savaglia (n colonies = 15) a predominance of females was found (M/F = 0.3). In P. axinellae the first gametocytes were visible in March, whereas in S. savaglia they became visible in May. Both species reproduce at the end of autumn when seawater temperature begins to decrease. Parazoanthus axinellae (10 m depth) spawns eggs and sperms in November, whereas S. savaglia (67 m depth) spawns in December. In P. axinellae sexes were segregated on a rocky wall, with males occurring deeper, whereas male and female colonies of S. savaglia were irregularly dispersed in the population. The maximum number of oocytes differed between the species, being higher in P. axinellae than in S. savaglia.  相似文献