Spatial and temporal variability in coccolithophore abundance and production of PIC and POC in the NE subarctic Pacific during El Niño (1998), La Niña (1999) and 2000     

M.S. Lipsen  D.W. Crawford  P.J. Harrison 《Progress in Oceanography》2007,75(2):304-325

Seasonal variations in coccolithophore abundance, chlorophyll, nutrients and production of particulate organic and inorganic carbon (POC and PIC) were determined along a coastal to oceanic east-west transect (Line P) culminating at Ocean Station Papa in the northeastern subarctic Pacific between 1998 and 2000. Offshore stations generally exhibited low seasonality in chlorophyll concentrations, with moderate seasonality in POC production. Near shelf stations showed a similar pattern to offshore stations, but were also characterized by sporadic events of higher POC productivity. During the 1998 El Niño, June was characterized by low chlorophyll and POC productivity along the transect, presumably as a result of depleted surface nitrate. In contrast, during the 1999 La Niña, and in 2000, higher POC productivity and surface nitrate occurred along the transect in June. Chlorophyll and POC productivity were similar in late summer in all 3 years. The coccolithophore population was usually numerically dominated by Emiliania huxleyi, particularly in June. Along the transect, abundance of coccolithophores was much higher in June during the 1998 El Niño (mean of 221 cells ml⁻¹) than in the 1999 La Niña (mean of 40 cells ml⁻¹), with their abundance in late summers of both years being very low. Abundances were even higher along the transect in June and the late summer of 2000 with sporadic ‘blooms’ of >1000 cells ml⁻¹ at some stations (cruise averages 395 and 552 cell ml⁻¹, respectively). Production rates of PIC did not consistently correlate with areas of high coccolithophore abundance. PIC production was high (100-250 mg C m⁻² d⁻¹) along the transect during June 1998, and low (1-40 mg C m⁻² d⁻¹) during both winters, June 1999 and during late summers of 1998 and 1999. The year 2000 was more complicated, with high rates of PIC production accompanying high abundance of coccolithophores in late summer, but lower rates of PIC production accompanying high coccolithophore numbers in June. Our data suggest that the abundance of coccolithophores and the production rates of PIC in the subarctic are higher than previously thought. Occasional PIC:POC production ratios of 1 or greater in 1998 and 2000 suggest that coccolithophores in this region could have a significant impact on the efficiency of the biological carbon pump.  相似文献   

CFC Indicating Renewal of the Japan Sea Deep Water in Winter 2000–2001     

Shizuo Tsunogai  Kentaro Kawada  Shuichi Watanabe  Takafumi Aramaki 《Journal of Oceanography》2003,59(5):685-693

The distributions of CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) in the water column was determined twice in 2000 and 2001 in the northwestern Japan Sea. In 2000 the CFC-11 concentration decreased almost exponentially with depth from 6 pmol/kg at a few hundred m deep to 0.3 pmol/kg or less at the bottom of about 3400 m depth at three stations (40–41°N, 132–133°E) about 300 km off Vladivostok. In 2001 the CFC-11 concentration increased sharply up to 2 pmol/kg in the bottom water, while it did not increase at a station (42.0°N, 136.5°E) about 450 km away to the northeast. This is due to the renewal of the bottom water which is replaced by the surface water flowing down along the continental slope, as suggested by Tsunogai et al. (1999), who proposed the continental shelf pump. Furthermore, an increase in the CFC-11 concentration was observed throughout the entire water column above 3000 m depth, although the proportion of the increase was about 20%, which was one order of magnitude smaller than that in the bottom water. The increase in inventory is almost four times larger than that in the bottom water below 3000 m depth which is equivalent to about 1/6 of the total inventory found in 2000. The increase also means that 3% of the deep water was replaced by the recent surface water, or, if the turnover occurs every year, that the turnover time of the deep water to be about 30 years. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

转柱式散气增氧装置水动力特性的研究     

宋协法  高清廉  周玉光 《海洋科学》1995,19(5):52-56

从理论上分析了转柱式散气增氧装置扩散帽的水动力性能和影响进气量、功率消耗等方面的因素。同时选择了两个系列４种技术参数的扩散帽装置进行对比试验，试验结果与理论分析情况基本吻合。通过理论分析与试验测试，最后选定出扩散帽的最佳技术参数。  相似文献   

Design and analysis of an innovative deep-sea lifting motor pump     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

The lifting motor pump is the core equipment of the deep-sea hydraulic pipeline lifting system, and its research results are one of the important technical reserves for the research and development of marine mineral resources. It is an essential capacity for lifting motor pump to allow coarse particles pass through the flow passages, to realize this requirement, an increased flowrate method is employed to design a wide flow passage for an innovative six-stage lifting motor pump. Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), the anti-blocking performance of the lifting motor pump designed by the conventional method and the increased flowrate method are compared, which show that the latter is better than the former. Numerical simulations of the internal two-phase flow inside the innovative pump are presented, and the flow parameters such as pressure, velocity and particle trajectory are obtained. According to the design method of the six-stage lifting motor pump, a two-stage lifting motor pump is manufactured, and the relevant performance experiments are performed. The results obtained by numerical simulation is in a good agreement with the experimental ones, thus the validity and accuracy of the numerical model and method is verified. The innovative two-stage lifting motor pump can operate smoothly with low noise and no blockage occurs, and its performance meets the design goals and requirements.  相似文献   

泥水盾构泥浆泵选型关键参数规律性研究          下载免费PDF全文

孙恒  黄新淼  马超  陈少林  罗利平  张红伟 《探矿工程》2022,49(4):144-151

为了认清在泥水盾构泥浆泵选型设计时的规律性和差异性,针对现有研究的不足,采用统计分析法,从15个实际工程案例入手,统计了包括开挖直径、隧道长度、穿越主要地层、进排泥的管径、密度和流量在内的17个关键参数,分析在选型设计阶段关键参数之间的规律性和差异性,得到了进排泥的管径、密度与开挖直径的一次线性回归方程,不同地层的进排泥密度选取规律等6点结论,最后将结论成功运用于福州地铁F1线滨海新城站—机场站中间风井泥水盾构区间,研究成果可为今后泥浆泵选型或评估提供新的思路。  相似文献   

永磁直驱变频泥浆泵在雄安地热钻井中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

李超  刘家荣  郭坤  刘文武  王玉超 《探矿工程》2021,48(2):100-103

泥浆泵作为钻井主要配套设备,在钻井施工中起着至关重要作用。目前大功率电动泥浆泵中多以交流异步电机驱动,气胎离合器、中间车、皮带轮减速的传动方式驱动泥浆泵。随着地热（干热岩）、页岩气等陆域清洁能源及深部资源勘探开发的需要,对大功率电动泥浆泵也提出了更高的要求。为此,在分析了雄安项目地热钻井的需求后,采用永磁变频电机直接驱动F-1300泥浆泵的小齿轮轴,具有传动结构简单、无级调速、节省能源、控制精度高的优势,适应了现代地热钻井技术的发展,提高了钻机的整体水平和作业能力,提高了钻井效率和质量。  相似文献   

深海采矿锰结核泵的试验研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

唐达生  阳宁  龚德文  肖红  夏建新 《海洋工程》2015,33(4):101-107

锰结核泵是深海采矿扬矿系统中的关键设备,为了研究泵结核矿浆工作性能,在实验室构建了一套高30 m、内径204 mm,可提供最大管网阻力2.5 MPa的泵矿浆性能试验系统,采用不同模拟结核粒径进行了泵矿浆工作特性试验。试验结果表明,锰结核泵基本上达到了预期设计指标,分析了模拟结核粒径d≤50 mm矿浆回流试验泵流道堵塞的原因,初步讨论了锰结核泵的环形格栅通道和泵流道问题,可作为我国中试多级锰结核泵的设计依据。  相似文献   

Modeling and Analysis of Airlift System Operating in Three-Phase Flow     

胡东  康勇  唐川林  王晓川 《海洋工程》2015,29(1):121-132

Based on the momentum theorem, the fluid governing equation in a lifting pipe is proposed by use of the method combining theoretical analysis with empirical correlations related to the previous research, and the performance of an airlift pump can be clearly characterized by the triangular relationship among the volumetric flux of air, water and solid particles, which are obtained respectively by using numerical calculation. The meso-scale river sand is used as tested particles to examine the theoretical model. Results of the model are compared with the data in three-phase flow obtained prior to the development of the present model, by an independent experimental team that used the physical conditions of the present approach. The analytical error can be controlled within 12% for predicting the volumetric flux of water and is smaller than that (±16%) of transporting solid particles in three-phase flow. The experimental results and computations are in good agreement for air?water two-phase flow within a margin of ±8%. Reasonable agreement justifies the use of the present model for engineering design purposes.  相似文献   

地热资源的利用及其面临的若干问题          下载免费PDF全文

孙艺伟 《探矿工程》2010,37(10):44-47

地热资源是一种具有巨大开发前景和潜力的清洁替代再生资源,在当前我国乃至全球面临能源短缺＂瓶颈＂时期,研究其分布、形成、储藏、运移机理、开采模式,及其对生态环境的影响等,具有重要的意义。通过分析国内外地热资源的分布、研究和开发利用现状,初步探讨了中国地热资源开发与研究中面临的若干问题,并对地热资源的开发与研究前景等方面提出相应的建议。  相似文献   

浅议水源热泵系统中的地下水回灌   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

胡海军  李春晖 《地下水》2010,32(2):49-50

通过对水源热泵使用现状的调查,分析水源热泵的应用范围,同时对水源热泵系统中地下水回灌进行剖析,比较不同类型回灌的效果及所产生的影响,指出最优化的回灌思路,并针对其实际应用过程提出严格成井工艺,制定国内相关技术标准,加强对现有的项目的跟监控等几项推广建议。  相似文献