锑矿区水体水环境锑污染及硫同位素示踪研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

宁增平  肖唐付  杨菲  贾彦龙  孙嘉龙  何立斌 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2011,30(2):135-141

本文系统研究了贵州省半坡锑矿区水环境锑污染现状,用硫同位素指示采矿活动对矿区水体的影响,以查明锑矿区水环境中Sb的释放迁移过程和水污染程度。研究发现,矿区水体中Sb和SO42-含量分别高达1377μg/L和1926 mg/L;岔河下游近10 km处仍保持较高水平(182.5μg/L Sb和59.8 mg/L SO42-)。岔河水体中,δ34S-Sb、δ34S-SO42-和Sb-SO42-间均具显著正相关,相关系数分别为r=0.68(p<0.05)、r=0.89(p<0.01)、r=0.72(p<0.05)。表明岔河水体中,δ34S和SO42-能很好地指示矿业活动引起的Sb污染程度和扩散范围。根据同位素质量平衡原理估算,发现矿区下游水体中的硫主要来自矿山,表明矿区下游水体污染受采矿活动影响显著。  相似文献   

山东济宁高硫煤与低硫煤煤层剖面地球化学特征研究     

姜尧发  代世峰  王西勃  赵蕾  周国庆  张丽莉  艾丽琴 《中国煤炭地质》2011,(4):1-10

运用电感耦合等离子质谱（ICP-MS）、X射线荧光光谱（XRF）、离子选择电极（ISE）、显微镜光度计和煤化学等方法,对山东济宁矿区的高硫煤（太原组16号煤层）与低硫煤（山西组3上煤层）剖面的煤岩、煤质和煤地球化学特征进行研究。高硫煤中微量元素在垂向上呈现显著的变化规律：（1）Sr含量从煤层底板到顶板呈增高趋势,而Ba含量则相反;因而Sr/Ba比值从下向上呈逐渐变大趋势（0.04～47.7）;（2）Th/U比值从下向上也呈逐渐变大趋势（0.2～37.1）;（3）As含量在煤层顶板石灰岩（26.1μg/g）、透镜状黄铁矿夹层（14.7～19.3μg/g）中较高;（4）V、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Pb、Zn等元素在煤层底部和顶部分层中含量较高,而在煤层中部分层中含量较低;（5）Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ga等元素从煤层的底部到顶部呈逐渐降低趋势;（6）煤中稀土元素总量（REE）,除透镜状黄铁矿夹层（第2、4、11分层）外,其它分层（第1、3、5、6、7、8、9、10分层）显示从上往下逐渐增高之规律性。低硫煤中微量元素的分布和垂向变化与高硫煤明显不同：As含量在14个煤分层中都较低（1.03～3.37μg/g）,Sr/Ba比值从下向上变化不大（0.4～2.2）,各个煤分层中稀土元素总量（REE）呈现随灰份含量增高而增高的变化趋势,低硫煤与高硫煤的稀土元素分布模式差别很大。上述研究结果表明济宁矿区高硫煤与低硫煤在地球化学特征上的差别,反映了上石炭统太原组与下二叠统山西组沉积环境和聚煤条件的差别,具有指相意义;太原组16号煤层中富集的硫及有害微量元素,对环境具有潜在危害。  相似文献   

油气有机质与MVT铅锌矿床的成矿——以四川赤普铅锌矿为例     

吴越  张长青  毛景文  张望生  魏成 《地球学报》2013,34(4):425-436

四川赤普MVT铅锌矿床成矿与古老油气藏关系密切。通过对矿床不同成矿阶段硫化物硫同位素和热液碳酸盐碳、氧同位素系统研究,结合沥青有机质的有机地球化学特征,探讨油气参与金属成矿的详细过程。取得主要认识如下：(1)油气系统中先存的H2S是成矿早阶段主要的硫源, TSR作用启动后还原硫酸盐,为成矿提供另一硫源。Mg2+可能是控制成矿过程中TSR作用的一个因素;(2)热液碳酸盐矿物碳(氧)同位素组成指示了 TSR 作用氧化的有机碳与流体溶解围岩碳酸盐岩中碳的不均匀混合作用;(3)矿床中与成矿作用有关的有机质(沥青)具有高-过成熟度特征和低芳烃含量,或是其参与了 TSR 作用的一个标志;(4)川滇黔地区油气成藏-破坏和赤普铅锌成矿可能是盆山演化过程中不同阶段或是同一阶段不同时代的产物,铅锌矿床形成与古老油气藏破坏密切相关。  相似文献   

Isotopic Compositions of Sulfur in the Jinshachang Lead–Zinc Deposit, Yunnan, China, and its Implication on the Formation of Sulfur-Bearing Minerals     

BAI Junhao  HUANG Zhilong  ZHU Dan  YAN Zaifei  ZHOU Jiaxi 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(5):1355-1369

The Jinshachang lead–zinc deposit is mainly hosted in the Upper Neoproterozoic carbonate rocks of the Dengying Group and located in the Sichuan–Yunnan–Guizhou(SYG) Pb–Zn–Ag multimetal mineralization area in China.Sulfides minerals including sphalerite,galena and pyrite postdate or coprecipitate with gangue mainly consisting of fluorite,quartz,and barite,making this deposit distinct from most lead–zinc deposits in the SYG.This deposit is controlled by tectonic structures,and most mineralization is located along or near faults zones.Emeishan basalts near the ore district might have contributed to the formation of orebodies.The δ34S values of sphalerite,galena,pyrite and barite were estimated to be 3.6‰–13.4‰,3.7‰–9.0‰,6.4‰ to 29.2‰ and 32.1‰–34.7‰,respectively.In view of the similar δ34S values of barite and sulfates being from the Cambrian strata,the sulfur of barite was likely derived from the Cambrian strata.The homogenization temperatures(T ≈ 134–383°C) of fluid inclusions were not suitable for reducing bacteria,therefore,the bacterial sulfate reduction could not have been an efficient path to generate reduced sulfur in this district.Although thermochemical sulfate reduction process had contributed to the production of reduced sulfur,it was not the main mechanism.Considering other aspects,it can be suggested that sulfur of sulfides should have been derived from magmatic activities.The δ34S values of sphalerite were found to be higher than those of coexisting galena.The equilibrium temperatures calculated by using the sulfur isotopic composition of mineral pairs matched well with the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions,suggesting that the sulfur isotopic composition in ore-forming fluids had reached a partial equilibrium.  相似文献   

Oceanic Euxinia Development during the Changhsingian (Late Permian) and the Olenekian (Early Triassic): Evidence from Sulfur Isotopes     

KAIHO Kunio  TONG Jinnan  Paul GORJAN  CHEN Zhongqiang 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):904-904

  相似文献   

Pyrite paragenesis and multiple sulfur isotope distribution in late Archean and early Paleoproterozoic Hamersley Basin sediments   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Michaela A. Partridge  Suzanne D. Golding  Kim A. Baublys  Elisa Young 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2008,272(1-2):41-49

The sulfur isotope record in late Archean and early Paleoproterozoic rocks is of considerable importance because it provides evidence for changes in early Earth atmospheric oxygen levels and potentially constrains the origin and relative impact of various microbial metabolisms during the transition from an anoxic to oxic atmosphere. Mass independently fractionated (MIF) sulfur isotopes reveal late Archean and early Paleoproterozoic sulfur sources in different pyrite morphologies in Western Australia's Hamersley Basin. Multiple sulfur isotope values in late Archean pyrite vary according to morphology. Fine grained pyrite has positive sulfur MIF, indicating a reduced elemental sulfur source, whereas pyrite nodules have negative sulfur MIF, potentially derived from soluble sulfate via microbial sulfate reduction. The Hamersley Basin δ³⁴S–Δ³³S record suggests that the extent of oxygenation of the surface ocean fluctuated through the Late Archean from at least 2.6 Ga, more than 150 million yr before the Great Oxidation Event. In the early Paleoproterozoic, there is less distinction between pyrite morphologies with respect to sulfur isotope fractionation, and pyrite from the Brockman Iron Formation trends toward modern sulfur isotope values. An important exception to this is the strong negative MIF recorded in layer parallel pyrite in Paleoproterozoic carbonate facies iron formation. This may suggest that deeper water hydrothermal environments remained anoxic while shallower water environments became more oxidised by the early Paleoproterozoic. The results of the current study indicate that sulfide paragenesis is highly significant when investigating Archean and early Paleoproterozoic multiple sulfur isotope compositions and sulfur sources.  相似文献   

A Study of DMS Oxidation in the Tropics: Comparison of Christmas Island Field Observations of DMS, SO2, and DMSO with Model Simulations   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

G. Chen  D. D. Davis  P. Kasibhatla  A. R. Bandy  D. C. Thornton  B. J. Huebert  A. D. Clarke  B. W. Blomquist 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2000,37(2):137-160

This study reports comparisonsbetween model simulations, based on current sulfurmechanisms, with the DMS, SO₂ and DMSOobservational data reported by Bandy et al.(1996) in their 1994 Christmas Island field study. For both DMS and SO₂, the model results werefound to be in excellent agreement with theobservations when the observations were filtered so asto establish a common meteorological environment. Thisfiltered DMS and SO₂ data encompassedapproximately half of the total sampled days. Basedon these composite profiles, it was shown thatoxidation of DMS via OH was the dominant pathway withno more than 5 to 15% proceeding through Cl atoms andless than 3% through NO₃. This analysis wasbased on an estimated DMS sea-to-air flux of 3.4 ×10⁹ molecs cm^-2 s^-1. The dominant sourceof BL SO₂ was oxidation of DMS, the overallconversion efficiency being evaluated at 0.65 ± 0.15. The major loss of SO₂ was deposition to theocean's surface and scavenging by aerosol. Theresulting combined first order k value was estimated at 1.6 × 10^-5 s^-1. In contrast to the DMSand SO₂ simulations, the model under-predictedthe observed DMSO levels by nearly a factor of 50. Although DMSO instrument measurement problems can notbe totally ruled out, the possibility of DMSO sourcesother than gas phase oxidation of DMS must beseriously considered and should be explored in futurestudies.  相似文献   

Sulfur Isotopic Study of the Toyoha Deposit, Hokkaido, Japan Comparison between the Earlier-Stage and the Later-Stage Veins     

Morihisa HAMADA  Akira IMAI 《Resource Geology》2000,50(2):113-122

Abstract: The sulfur isotopic ratios (δ³⁴S) of ore minerals from the Toyoha deposit, Hokkaido, one of the largest Pb–Zn–Ag polymetallic vein-type deposits in Japan, were studied. More than 90% of the δ³⁴S values of the studied sulfide minerals collected from the Toyoha deposit range from +5 to +9%, with an average of approximately +7% irrespective of the mineral species, veins, elevations, depth, mineralization stages and mineral assemblages. Relatively uniform δ³⁴S values obtained in this study suggest that the reduced aqueous sulfur species predominated over the oxidized sulfur in the ore solution throughout the mineralization stages. Thus, the source of sulfur for the ore sulfides is postulated to be magmatic.
The temperature obtained from the fluid inclusion study and the temperature of the sulfur isotopic geothermometer are not consistent. This suggests that each mineral precipitated under disequilibrated conditions with respect to the sulfur isotope.
The change in redox conditions presumably encountered between the mineralization stages did not account for the isotopic fluctuations since the isotopic exchanges between the oxidized and reduced aqueous sulfurs are much slower than the rate of oxidation of the ore solution.  相似文献   

Genesis of the Mamut Porphyry Copper Deposit, Sabah, East Malaysia     

Akira IMAI 《Resource Geology》2000,50(1):1-23

Abstract: The Mamut deposit of Sabah, East Malaysia, is a porphyry type Cu‐Au deposit genetically related to a quartz monzonite (“adamellite”) porphyry stock associated with upper Miocene Mount Kinabalu plutonism. The genesis of the Mamut deposit is discussed based on petrology of the intrusives in the Mount Kinabalu area combined with ore– and alteration–petrography, fluid inclusion and sulfur isotope studies. Groundmass of the adamellite porphyry at Mamut is rich in K which suggests vapor transport of alkaline elements during the mineralizing magmatic process, while the groundmass of the post‐ore “granodiorite” porphyry at Mamut contains small amounts of normative corundum suggesting depletion in alkaline elements at the root zone of the magma column. Sub‐dendritic tremolitic amphibole rims on hornblende phenocrysts in the Mamut adamellite porphyry suggest interaction between the mineralizing magma and the exsolved fluids. Occurrences of clinopyroxene microphenocrysts and pseudomor‐phic aggregates of shredded biotite and clinopyroxene after hornblende phenocrysts in the barren intrusives imply lower water fugacity and decreasing in water fugacity, respectively. Compositional gap between the core of hornblende phenocrysts and the tremolitic amphibole rims and those in the groundmass of the Mamut adamellite porphyry suggests a decrease in pressure. Higher X_Mg (=Mg/(Mg+Fe) atomic ratio) in the tremolitic amphibole rims in the Mamut adamellite porphyry compared to those of the barren intrusions suggests high oxygen fugacity. High halogen contents of igneous hydrous minerals such as amphiboles, biotite and apatite in the Mamut adamellite porphyry suggest the existence of highly saline fluids during the intrusion and solidification of the mineralizing magma. Fluid inclusions found in quartz veinlet stockworks are characterized by abundant hypersaline polyphase inclusions associated with subordinate amounts of immiscible gaseous vapor. Both Cu and Au are dispersed in disseminated and quartz stockwork ores. Chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite as well as magnetite are the principal ore minerals in the biotitized disseminated ores. Primary assemblage of intermediate solid solution (iss) and pyrrhotite converted to the present assemblage of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite during cooling. Subsequent to biotitization, quartz veinlet stockworks formed associated with retrograde chlorite alteration. The Cu‐Fe sul–fides associated with stockwork quartz veinlet are chalcopyrite and pyrite. Overlapping Pb and Zn and subsequent Sb mineralizations were spatially controlled by NNE‐trending fractures accompanying the phyllic and advanced argillic alteration envelope. Sulfur isotopic composition of ore sulfides are homogeneous (about +2%) throughout the mineralization stages. These are identical to those of the magmatic sulfides of Mount Kinabalu adamellitic rocks.  相似文献   

北京地区地表水的硫同位素组成与环境地球化学   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18       下载免费PDF全文

储雪蕾 《第四纪研究》2000,20(1):87-97

对 1 994年密云、什刹海地区地表水中Cl^-,SO^{2 -4} ,NO^-3 含量和硫酸盐的δ3 4 S值监测表明 ,北京地区的地表水主要来源于大气降水。上游河水的δ3 4 S值高于本地区的大气降水 ,反映还有少量地下水的加入。潮河上游人类生活和耕作是造成潮河水中NO^-3 含量高的主要原因。总体来讲 ,北京地区地表水的硫同位素组成同样具有夏季重、冬季轻的季节变化趋势 ;其全年的δ3 4 S值在 6‰～1 0‰之间 ,与我国南方大气降水为负的δ3 4 S值而北方为正值的区域分异现象吻合。对城区的什刹海与密云水库的硫同位素和SO^{2 -4} 含量变化的分析表明 ,即使是冬季取暖季节 ,控制变化的主要因素是生物成因硫的释放 ,燃煤不可能造成如此明显的硫同位素组成的变化。  相似文献