Real-Time Synchronous Integration of Radar and Raingauge Measurements Based on the Quasi Same-Rain-Volume Sampling          下载免费PDF全文

WAN Yuf  WU Cuihong  JIN Hongxiang 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2010,24(3):340-353

A technique for real-time synchronous integration of radar and raingauge measurements based on the concept of the quasi same-rain-volume sampling(QSVS)is presented.Because of the temporal and spatial discrepancies and resolution differences,the integration of radar measurements with raingauge observations has long been a difficult task.Observations indicate that there exists a correlation that conforms to the power law between hourly accumulated raingauge measurement(QG)and detected radar echo(ZOH)over the raingauge.On the basis of this,a concept of the QSVS and five direct correspondent formulas of radar and raingauge samples are built up,aiming to eliminate the temporal and spatial discrepancies.A convenient and practical sampling method-the time integral vertical synchronous sampling(TIVS)is proposed and the ZOH-QG relationship is studied.It is significant that under the fixed exponent,the coefficient AB or AM varies flexibly in accordance with the temporal and spatial variability of natural precipitation,having the function of synchronously integrating the Z-R conversion and the gauge adjustment into a single equation,and thus the precipitation estimation errors caused by detecting resolution differences between radar and raingauge can be obviously mitigated.The real-time synchronous integration technique using the ZOH-QG relationship to estimate the ground hourly rainfall accumulation is called the radar-gauge synchronous integration method(RASIM).The experiments of two cases show that the accuracy of estimated surface hourly rainfall accumulation within 230 km is about 90%,and the average relative error for the point estimation over the whole process is about 20%.Through the detailed analysis of the applicability of TIVS in three environmental fields with various wind drifts,the physical essence of TIVS is explored: it is an approximate QSVS.By analyzing the data pairs of radar and raingauge,an effective quality-control procedure is established,which can greatly improve the stability and rationarity of the ZOH-QG relationship.The forecasting product of hourly rainfall accumulation derived from the RASIM has been put into operation.It is demonstrated that the RASIM plays an important role in the quantitative monitoring and forecasting of short-term torrential rainfall.  相似文献   

地形对昆明准静止锋影响的数值模拟研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王曼  段旭  李华宏  符睿 《气象》2009,35(9):77-83

利用2008年1月NCEP/NCAR全球1°×1°再分析资料和MM5中尺度数值模拟结果,分析研究了昆明准静止锋的结构和位置.结果表明:在中国南方地区持续、频繁受冷空气影响下,昆明准静止锋的形成和维持是高原地形的阻挡和特定天气系统配置共同作用的结果;通过对地形减半的敏感性数值试验,定量分析得到高原地形阻挡作用是昆明准静止锋形成和维持的必要条件.  相似文献   

新疆夏季降水年际变化与亚洲副热带西风急流   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

杨莲梅  张庆云 《应用气象学报》2008,19(2):171-179

利用1960—2003年NCEP/NCAR再分析和新疆75个气象站月降水资料, 分析了新疆夏季降水与亚洲副热带西风急流的关系, 新疆夏季降水与西亚急流的南北位置和准静止波活动密切联系。通过波作用量的动力学诊断分析, 研究了新疆降水异常年准静止波活动特征, 新疆降水异常年斯堪的纳维亚半岛向东传播的中高纬静止波传播方式的不同, 从而影响沿副热带西亚西风急流传播的静止波活动, 进而影响新疆夏季降水, 并存在沿60°E自南极高纬低层经向上传至低纬对流层顶部, 并在北半球副热带地区转为经向下传至北半球中纬地区的波列, 该波列活动与西亚急流变化联系。  相似文献   

Analysis　on　rupture　feature　of　a　great　complicated　earthquake　in　Kamchatka     

高原  郑斯华  周蕙兰  刘振  吴忠良 《地震学报(英文版)》1997,10(1):1-6

ＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｎｒｕｐｔｕｒｅｆｅａｔｕｒｅｏｆａｇｒｅａｔｃｏｍｐｌｉｃａｔｅｄｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｉｎＫａｍｃｈａｔｋａＹＵＡＮＧＡＯ１）（高原）ＳＩＨＵＡＺＨＥＮＧ１）（郑斯华）ＨＵＩＬＡＮＺＨＯＵ２）（周蕙兰）ＺＨＥＮＬＩＵ２）（...  相似文献   

Development of peer‐to‐peer (P2P) internet online hybrid test system     

Peng Pan  Hiroshi Tomofuji  Tao Wang  Masayoshi Nakashima  Makoto Ohsaki  Khalid M. Mosalam 《地震工程与结构动力学》2006,35(7):867-890

A new Internet online hybrid test system, designated the ‘peer‐to‐peer (P2P) Internet online hybrid test system’, is proposed. In the system, the simulated structure is divided into multiple substructures, and each substructure is analysed numerically or tested physically in parallel at geographically distributed locations. The equations of motion are not formulated for the entire structure but for each substructure separately. Substructures are treated as highly independent systems, and only standard I/O, i.e. displacements and forces at the boundaries, are used as interfaces. A ‘Coordinator’ equipped with an iterative algorithm based on quasi‐Newton iterations is developed to achieve compatibility and equilibrium at boundaries. A test procedure, featuring two rounds of quasi‐Newton iterations and using assumed elastic stiffness, is adopted to avoid iteration for the substructure being tested physically. A fast and stable solution using a socket mechanism is developed for data exchange over the Internet. Demonstration tests applied to a base‐isolated structure was conducted, and the results are compared with an online hybrid test using the conventional test method. The results obtained from the P2P Internet hybrid test match very closely those obtained from the conventional tests. Investigations are also carried out on time consumption and control accuracy. The results show that the Internet data exchange solution using the socket mechanism is fast, and tests were completed successfully under the constructed Internet online hybrid test environment. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

NO_x的准两年周期变化及其与臭氧准两年周期振荡的关系 II.模拟研究     

郑彬  陈月娟  张弘 《大气科学》2003,(6)

利用NCAR的包含化学、辐射、动力相互作用的二维模式就纬向风的准两年周期振荡 (简称QBO)对平流层微量元素分布的影响进行数值模拟试验。模拟中 ,输入纬向风QBO的值 ,计算出NOx、臭氧浓度和各种气象要素的垂直经向分布 ,并与不考虑QBO强迫的数值模拟结果进行对比。在第I部分HALOE资料分析的基础上 ,进一步讨论了在纬向风QBO的影响下NOx浓度垂直分布的变化及其准两年周期振荡 ,并研究了NOx的QBO与臭氧QBO的关系。结果表明 :模拟六年平均的NOx混合比分布与观测结果基本一致 ,并且在纬向风场QBO强迫下 ,NOx混合比扰动有明显的准两年周期振荡 ;与臭氧的QBO比较 ,发现在2 8km以下 ,NOx的QBO与臭氧QBO同位相 ,而在 2 8km以上 ,它们则是反位相 ,与HALOE资料的观测结果基本吻合。文中对模拟得到的由于风场QBO引起的余差环流输送作用做了进一步的分析 ,并讨论了在不同高度的气层中余差环流的输送作用与NOx破坏作用在臭氧QBO形成中的相对重要性  相似文献   

北极海冰与ENSO事件在准四年时间尺度上的可能联系   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

朱艳峰  陈隆勋 《大气科学》2003,27(5):834-846

分析了北极海冰的变化规律及其与ENSO循环在准四年时间尺度上的可能联系.结果表明(59.5～179.5°E,60.5～89.5.N)的高纬海域范围内(包括喀拉海、拉普捷夫海及东西伯利亚海,简称为A区)的北极海冰变化以9月份变率最大并具有准四年周期,在这个周期段上A区极冰与Nino 3区的海温变化有明显的位相差.当Nino 3区SST滞后海冰约16个月时,两者达到最大负相关.A区的9月海冰面积指数和SST的时滞相关系数分布表明,次年4月开始在赤道东太平洋区域出现一显著负相关区,次两年的2月负相关达到最大,之后减弱消失.这表明9月A区海冰面积偏小,则次年春季以后出现E1 Nin0现象.海冰与环流相关分析表明,其相互影响机制可能是由于少冰年的弱冷源效应,使得该地区上空气旋环流发展,并通过中高纬相互作用促进北太平洋西北部及东亚沿岸距平气旋式环流的发展,有利于赤道异常西风形成从而触发和维持El Nino事件的产生和发展.  相似文献   

地下水流二维、准三维及三维模型模拟结果比较   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7  

叶淑君  戴水汉 《水文地质工程地质》2003,30(5):23-27

本文为三种简单的由多个含水层和弱透水层组成的越流含水系统建立了二维、准三维和三维数学模型,并对它们的解进行了比较分析。三种水流系统的二维、准三维及三维数学模型计算结果相互间的偏差随抽水时间的延长而增大,随井距的增大而减小;二维与准三维数学模型计算结果间的偏差随弱透水层越流系数的减小而减小;两种准三维数学模型计算结果间的偏差随抽水含水层与弱透水层间贮水系数比值的增大而减小;考虑弱透水层弹性释水的准三维模型与三维模型的解最为接近,它们之间的水头差当贮水系数比值一定时,随抽水含水层与弱透水层间渗透系数比值增大而减小,且随各向异性比值的增大而增大。  相似文献   

湿Q矢量表达式及其应用   总被引：67，自引：7，他引：60  

张兴旺 《气象》1998,24(8):3-7

考虑了大气中凝结潜热作用,提出湿Ｑ矢量概念并推导出非地转的湿Ｑ矢量表达式以及用湿Ｑ矢量散度作强迫项的ｗ方程。利用常规气象资料作实例分析,结果表明在低纬度地区湿Ｑ矢量分析优于准地转Ｑ矢量分析。  相似文献   

全球重力异常对大气活动中心、气旋多发区的影响   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

任振球 《地球物理学报》2002,45(3):313-318

利用卫星观测和地面实测资料统一归算的全球空间重力异常,探讨重力异常对全球冬夏大气活动中心、热带气旋以及温带气旋和高原低涡多发区的影响,并对其物理机理作一简要讨论.认为重力异常是大气运动发生发展不可忽视的因子之一.  相似文献