电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定生物样品中超痕量稀土时氧化物干扰的研究   总被引：21，自引：10，他引：11  

李冰  尹明 《岩矿测试》2000,19(2):101-105

试验了１００～７００ｕｇ／ＬＢａ的氧化物对Ｅｕ产生的干扰,干扰程度与Ｂａ量呈线性,其相关系数ｒ在０．９９８６～０．９９９５。用模拟样品溶液对不同含量的Ｂa对Ｅu的干扰采取了简单的数学方法校正,校正后的结果在误差允许范围之内。．对小麦和人发标准物质中Ｂa氧化物对Ｅu的干扰及校正效果进行了比较。结果表明,在所使用的仪器条件下,这两个标准物质中的Ｂa对Ｅu的干扰必须校正。研究了ｕｇ／Ｌ水平的轻稀土氧化物对重稀  相似文献   

纤磷钙铝石类化合物:来自地球具工艺用途的材料(英文)     

Schw.  RG 《地学前缘》2000,7(2):485-497

纤磷钙铝石类化合物系由自纤磷钙铝石CaAl3 (OH) 6(HPO4) (PO4)本身、经磷钙铝石CaAl3 (OH) 6(SO4) (PO4)到钾明矾石KAl3 (OH ) 6(SO4) 2 等的天然矿物族所组成的。它们表现出具有很大范围的阳离子置换系列 ,其中以Sr2 +和Ba2 +置换Ca2 +,REEs3 +置换Ca2 +和H+,As5 +置换P5 +,S6+/Se6+置换H+P5 +最为重要。随着置换的进行 ,其热动力学稳定性也逐渐增加。由此 ,纤磷钙铝石类化合物成为很能抗风化的矿物 ,在红土中尤其如此。厚的纤磷钙铝石层形成在闪长岩 (富Sr) ,碳酸盐岩 (富REEs)和含金石英脉 (富As)之上 ,从而保护整个磷酸盐红土 ,使之免受风化。以此方式 ,形成了桌状山脉或岛屿 ,他们具有未受覆盖的表面。这些“纤磷钙铝”石化合物为上述及其它元素形成一有效的地球化学障。“纤磷钙铝石”的这种天然地球化学固定作用可以用适当的母体或人工合成晶体来进行模拟 ,即通过金属阳离子交换或就地反应来模拟。这种固定作用还可用于处理天然和人造的放射性裂变产物、有毒的重金属元素、砷酸盐和硒酸盐、硫酸盐等。  相似文献   

Determination of Rare Earth Elements and Y in Ultramafic Rocks by ICP-MS After Preconcentration Using Fe(OH)₃ and Mg(OH)₂ Coprecipitation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Liang Qi  Mei-Fu Zhou  John Malpas  Min Sun 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2005,29(1):131-141

A simple and reliable method to separate rare earth elements (REE) from Mg, Fe, K, Na, Ca and Ba in ultramafic rocks has been developed, thereby concentrating their abundances. The sample (0.3 g) was digested with HF and HNO₃ in a PTFE bomb, placed in a stainless steel container and, after drying, the insoluble residue was dissolved in 6 ml of 10% v/v HNO₃. Following the addition of 50% triethanolamine and 30% m/v NaOH solution, the REE were precipitated along with Mg(OH)₂, such that the majority of Fe, K and Na in the solution could be separated by centrifuging. The precipitate was dissolved in 1 ml HNO₃ and a buffer solution of NH₄Cl/NH₄OH at pH = 9.0 was added to precipitate the REE along with any remaining Fe as Fe(OH)₃, and so achieve separation from Mg, Ca and Ba, which remained in the solution. In this way, REE could be separated from major elements and were concentrated by a factor of about 60. The recovery of REE was more than 95% using this method. Four ultramafic rock reference materials, PCC-1 (USGS), JP-1 (GSJ), DZE-1, DZE-2 (IGGE) and one new proficiency testing sample GeoPT12 (GAS Serpentinite) were analysed by ICP-MS using indium as an internal standard. The quantitation limits were about 0.02–0.2 ng g⁻¹. Smooth chondrite-normalised REE patterns were obtained with a precision for REE determination of about 2–9%.  相似文献   

闪锌矿精矿的氧压酸浸提取研究     

杨仲平  靳晓珠  黄俭惠 《矿产与地质》2005,19(4):449-451

对锌精矿的氧压酸浸条件进行了研究,实验表明：在压力为1.7MPa、温度为140℃～155℃条件下加热1小时,浸出终液硫酸酸度＞1.0mol/L时,锌精矿中锌及稀散元素的浸出率分别为：98.76%（Zn）、96.42%（Ga）、89.03%（Ge）、97.35%（In）、91.30%（T1）.结果表明,该方法具有较高的浸出率,并能消除对环境的污染,具有一定的应用前景.  相似文献   

广东信宜-罗定地区含锡花岗岩类的稀土元素地球化学特征和成因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈炳辉  黄志国  俞受鋆  周永章 《矿产与地质》2005,19(5):465-468

广东信宜-罗定地区含锡花岗岩类呈复式小岩体产出,由花岗斑岩和花岗岩组成.岩石的稀土元素总量高(w(ΣREE)为236.75×10-6～383.28×10-6);从第一阶段花岗斑岩到第二阶段花岗岩的稀土总量降低;轻重稀土的比值ΣCe/ΣY(0.77～1.38)较低;具有弱的Ce负异常和强烈Eu亏损(δEu=0.015～0.119);稀土元素配分模式呈海鸥型.岩石属于大陆板内张性构造环境下高侵位形成的壳源重熔型花岗岩类.  相似文献   

高效液相色谱-催化伏安法测定稀土元素     

马力陈永乐  夏艳秋孙咏梅 甘尉棠 《岩矿测试》2005,24(4):262-267

报道了Ag(Hg)-Pt-Ag三电极系统,流动型固体电极微电解池作为高效液相色谱的催化伏安检测器,用于Ho、Dy、Tb、Gd四种稀土元素的分离与检测。比较详细地讨论了稀土元素在银汞膜电极上的吸附催化过程,实验证明这是一个络合吸附过程,其检出限可达4μg/L,确定了络合物的络合比。  相似文献   

Importance of measurement of rare-earth elements from the Soil Information and Monitoring System： A normalization method for detection of chromium contamination in soils     

Szegvi J sef Prokisch Per Marth Ba Kov s Zolt Gyi 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):195-195

The Soil Information and Monitoring System （TIM） is an independent subsystem of the integrated Environmental Information and Monitoring System in Hungary. Based on physiographical-soil-ecological units 1202 representative observation points were selected and exactly defined by geographical coordinates using GPS. The first sampling was done in 1992. Some soil parameters are measured every year, some others every 3 years or every 6 years depending on their changeability （stability）. Toxic element, heavy metal and rare earth element contents in soil samples were determined after hot and strong acid digestion by ICP-OES equipment. The rare earth elements were measured in TIM soil samples and some of them can be found in a relatively high amount, e.g. cerium and neodymium concentration are 3-4 times higher than the very often-measured copper concentration. Close correlation was found among some of the rare earth element concentrations. The Y-Yb correlation is the strongest, its r-value is higher than 0.95. The reason of difference among the yttrium concentrations of samples is not the deviation of ICP-OES measurement that is much smaller than the difference among the individual soil samples. Similar, close correlation was obtained between the soil yttrium and chromium concentration. The amount of chromium contamination can be calculated as the distance from the Y-Cr trend line. We call this method yttrium normalization. The principle of this method is described as follows： such elements than chromium and yttrium insist in the soil in a strongly bonded form. Therefore, in a non-contaminated area there is a close correlation between the yttrium and chromium concentrations. If the measured chromium concentration in a sample is not on the Cr-Y trend line than the distance it indicates the amount of antropogenic chromium. Contamination can be detected in that case of course if the contaminant does not contain yttrium.  相似文献   

The acid lakes and rivers of Copahue Volcano, Argentina     

Johan C. Varekamp 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):229-229

Copahue is an active volcano in the Andes （Argentina, 37.5 S, 71 W） with an acid crater lake, acid chloride-sulfate hot springs feed the Upper Rio Agrio River that discharges into glacial Lake Caviahue. The Lower Rio Agrio outlet mixes with non-acidic meteoric waters, which leads to abundant precipitation of poorly crystalline yellow flocs. Further dilution and neutralization downstream lead to the precipitation of Al-rich material. This river and lake system is an extreme example of a naturally acidified watershed with similarities to streams impacted by acid mine drainage. We determined the chemistry and element fluxes of the Copahue-Caviahue system between 1997 and 2006, and this time series carries data from before, during and after the 2000 Copahue eruptions. The crater lake and hot springs had pH〈0.5 prior to the eruption with up to 6.5 % sulfate and 1% chloride. The fluids were saturated relative to gypsum/anhydrite and copper sulfides. Sulfur isotope studies suggested that the sulfate and associated acidity of the water formed from the disproportionation of magmatic SO2 at about 300℃. Just prior to the eruption, the fluids became saturated with additional minerals, including jarosite and hematite. The Upper Rio Agrio bed became coated with bright red hematite in 2004. Mixing with glacial meltwater increases the pH of the Upper Rio Agrio to values of 1-2, and the input of the Upper Rio Agrio has gradually acidified Lake Caviahue to pHi2.5. Annual element fluxes through the Upper Rio Agrio before the eruption were on the order of 15000 tounes Cl, 25000 tounes SOn and 1500 tounes F, with large outputs of dissolved rock contents as well. Annual volcanogenic trace element fluxes through the river include 7.5 tounes As, 5 tounes B and 0.6 tounes Li. After the eruption, the system became more dilute, the element fluxes decreased and Lake Caviahue became less acidic （pH≈2.8）. In the spring of 2006, the hot springs and crater lake had pH values〈 0.5 once again, suggesting that the system is becoming more active again.  相似文献   

山东省金刚石矿中的绿色钻石及其特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王久华 《上海国土资源》2006,4(3):64-66,63

本文论述了山东绿色钻石在金刚石原生矿、次生矿中的含量及绿钻的相关特征,阐述了含绿钻的砾岩层层位特点、松散层中具工业价值的四大矿段特点及绿钻含量。综述认为:山东绿钻既有纯正的绿色,也有复合的绿色、绿斑,透明度好,是宝石首饰业的珍宝,价值极高。初步探讨了次生矿中绿钻的形成时代,为前寒武纪。钻石绿色成因既有地质辐射作用所致,也有含铬引起,或塑性形变产生。山东绿钻无辐射性残留,琢磨后绿色不消失。  相似文献   

铁锰结壳中底层洋流活动的地球化学研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

韩杰  武光海  叶瑛  邬黛黛 《矿床地质》2006,25(5):620-628

文章以大洋海山铁锰结壳与南极底层流(AABW)之间关系的角度,从铁锰结壳的结构构造、矿物组合,特别是结壳新壳层的Ce异常和Ce/La比值的区域分布来探讨AABW的活动在铁锰结壳中留下的证据。主要对中太平洋和西北太平洋5座海山的17个铁锰结壳新壳层样品进行了结构构造分析和REE含量测定。结果表明,铁锰结壳的REE含量很高,平均为1716.66×10-6,且轻稀土元素明显富集,LREE/HREE平均值为4.82,除MID06样品具微弱的Ce负异常外,其他铁锰结壳样品均具明显的Ce正异常。为了对比研究AABW的影响,除铁锰结壳外,还引用了不同区域的多金属结核的稀土元素平均值资料按不同区域进行了对比研究,结果发现,AABW活动区和非活动区的δCe值和Ce/La比值有显著差异。一般来说,沿AABW流路,从南向北,δCe值和Ce/La比值有逐渐减小的趋势,但在局部地区,如地形复杂的海山区,AABW的强度会发生变化,其Ce正异常和Ce/La比值可能会局部增大。本项研究成果将有助于全面认识大洋成矿作用与海洋环境变迁的内在联系。  相似文献