元数据技术在MDSS实时气象数据库系统建设中的应用     

高峰  赵芳 《气象科技》2006,34(Z1):22-26

元数据是关于数据的数据,目前被越来越多的应用于系统建设过程中。利用元数据,可以记录整个系统中数据的来龙去脉,这样可以把整个业务的工作流、信息流有效地管理起来,提高系统的可扩展性;此外元数据还具有数据发现和数据搜索的功能,能够提高系统的灵活性。介绍了国家级气象资料存储检索系统(MDSS)中实时气象数据库设计的元数据种类及其存储管理方式,以及元数据技术在实时气象数据库系统建设中的应用,详细描述了如何通过元数据提高软件的灵活性、可维护性。  相似文献   

The Impact Cooling of the Storm-Induced SST on Hurricane Intensity     

Tong ZHU Da-Lin ZHANG 《大气科学进展》2006,23(1):14-22

The effects of storm-induced sea surface temperature （SST） cooling on hurricane intensity are investigated using a 5-day cloud-resolving simulation of Hurricane Bonnie （1998）. Two sensitivity simulations are performed in which the storm-induced cooling is either ignored or shifted close to the modeled storm track. Results show marked sensitivity of the model-simulated storm intensity to the magnitude and relative position with respect to the hurricane track. It is shown that incorporation of the storm-induced cooling, with an average value of 1.3℃, causes a 25-hPa weakening of the hurricane, which is about 20 hPa per 1℃ change in SST. Shifting the SST cooling close to the storm track generates the weakest storm, accounting for about 47% reduction in the storm intensity. It is found that the storm intensity changes are well correlated with the air-sea temperature difference. The results have important implications for the use of coupled hurricane-ocean models for numerical prediction of tropical cyclones.  相似文献   

Role of land-surface temperature feedback on model performance for the stable boundary layer     

A. A. M. Holtslag  G. J. Steeneveld  B. J. H. van de Wiel 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2007,125(2):361-376

At present a variety of boundary-layer schemes is in use in numerical models and often a large variation of model results is found. This is clear from model intercomparisons, such as organized within the GEWEX Atmospheric Boundary Layer Study (GABLS). In this paper we analyze how the specification of the land-surface temperature affects the results of a boundary-layer scheme, in particular for stable conditions. As such we use a well established column model of the boundary layer and we vary relevant parameters in the turbulence scheme for stable conditions. By doing so, we can reproduce the outcome for a variety of boundary-layer models. This is illustrated with the original set-up of the second GABLS intercomparison study using prescribed geostrophic winds and land-surface temperatures as inspired by (but not identical to) observations of CASES-99 for a period of more than two diurnal cycles. The model runs are repeated using a surface temperature that is calculated with a simple land-surface scheme. In the latter case, it is found that the range of model results in stable conditions is reduced for the sensible heat fluxes, and the profiles of potential temperature and wind speed. However, in the latter case the modelled surface temperatures are rather different than with the original set-up, which also impacts on near-surface air temperature and wind speed. As such it appears that the model results in stable conditions are strongly influenced by non-linear feedbacks in which the magnitude of the geostrophic wind speed and the related land-surface temperature play an important role.  相似文献   

基于Web GIS的上海数字农业集成系统     

孙德亮  李营营  益建芳 《测绘与空间地理信息》2007,30(2):33-36

上海农业集成系统是基于JZ地理信息系统软件(精准农业信息公司开发的一套基于Web发布的地理信息系统发布引擎)开发的一套BS架构的农业系统。该平台采用了ASP.NET技术、SQL Server数据库管理技术以及地图发布引擎(JZ地图引擎)等技术,将传感器采集到的实时数据发布到网上,使各种不同目的的客户能够及时了解、分析和处理数据,并根据数据的实际情况及时应对农作物生长过程中的不良状态。本文对该平台的关键技术、数据管理、功能模块和安装步骤等方面作了详细的介绍。  相似文献   

速度传感反馈地震计的动态范围上限     

饶文松  杨晓源 《地震地磁观测与研究》2007,28(5):63-70

在开环参数一定的条件下,速度传感反馈地震计中的环路滤波是影响地震计主要技术指标的关键环节之一.本文探讨了一阶极点高通、一阶极点低通、一阶零点高通、双一阶和零阶环路滤波在扩展地震计动态范围上限方面的优缺点.研究指出,对于用闭环反馈直接生成主导二阶极点的速度传感反馈地震计,一阶零点高通环路滤波的优点较多;若允许在环外生成主导二阶极点,则零阶环路滤波也不失为一个较好的方案.  相似文献   

Mass flows and river response in rapid uplifting regions – A case of lower Yarlung Tsangpo basin,southeast Tibet,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

《国际泥沙研究》2020,35(6):609-620

The fluvial geomorphology in tectonically active (particularly rapid uplift) regions often undergoes continuous change. The rapid uplift is coincident with high erosion rates; consequently, incised valleys are formed. Mass flows (for example, avalanches, landslides, and debris flows) in incised valleys can markedly influence fluvial processes and even reshape valley geomorphology. However, these processes and long-term evolution corresponding to mass flows require further clarification. Field campaigns were carried out in the region near the Yigong Tsangpo and Palong Tsangpo Rivers (hereafter the Yigong and Palong Rivers), the two largest tributaries of the lower Yarlung Tsangpo River, to examine the feedback between fluvial processes and mass flows. Remote sensing images from recent decades were used to compare the channel morphology before and after typical mass flows (particularly catastrophic ones). The morphology of the lower Yigong River has evidently been impacted by landslides, while that of the Palong River has mainly been shaped by glacial processes and debris flows. At present, the morphology of the latter consists of alternating sections of gorges and wide valleys, with a staircase-like longitudinal profile. The gorge sections exhibit single and deeply incised channels with a high-gradient channel bed and terraces. In contrast, the wide valley sections consist of lakes, braided or anabranching channels, gentle bed gradients, and thick alluvial deposits. Debris flows occur more frequently in gullies in the reaches of the gorge sections and rarely in gullies along the wide valley sections. The occurrence of mass flow events has resulted in an imbalance of the previous (quasi-)equilibrium in the river morphology; however, this has triggered negative feedback that is driving the transient river morphology to a new state of (quasi-)equilibrium.  相似文献   

扩散波的时空反演与洪水实时预报技术   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李兰 《水文》1998,(6):1-5

以扩散波方程描述天然河道中的洪水波运动规律。将数学物理反问题理论和离散反演算法与河道流量演算相结合提出了扩散波实时预报的方法。该法的特点是在求解流量场Ｑ（ｘ,ｔ）的同时反演计算扩散波波速Ｃ（ｘ,ｔ）和扩散系数Ｄ（ｘ,ｔ）,根据不断监测的新信息系列,直接利用原偏微分方程进行参数的实时校正和预报过程实时修正。  相似文献   

白山、丰满水库群实时洪水联合调度系统设计与开发   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

程春田  李新亭 《水科学进展》1998,9(1):29-34

利用面向对象程序设计技术,在中文窗口平台下,设计开发了功能齐全、界面友好、操作灵活、信息丰富,具有很强实用性的白山、丰满水库群实时洪水联合调度系统,可迅速完成从实时遥测降雨信息的采集到两库产、汇流预报和洪水联合调度方案的制定、评价、选择的全过程,简要介绍了系统开发策略及系统设计中的一些主要关键技术及其实现过程,对开发其它水库及水库群防洪调度系统具有重要参考价值。  相似文献   

气候系统及模式中反馈机制研究 I.概念和方法     

林朝晖  曾庆存 《气候与环境研究》1998,(1)

气候系统中存在着各种各样的气候反馈机制,而气候模式对这些反馈机制描述的差异,正是造成不同模式对同一直接辐射强迫（如二氧化碳加倍）的响应不同的主要原因。因此,只有正确描述气候系统中的各种反馈作用,气候模式才可能用来对未来的气候变化进行预测。为此,本文首先介绍了气候系统及模式反馈机制分析研究时所常用的一些概念,如气候敏感性参数、云辐射强迫等,随后概述了气候模式反馈机制比较分析时常用的各种方法,并指出了这些方法各自的优缺点。而详细的有关气候系统及模式中反馈作用及其机制的分析则在文章的第ＩＩ部分给出。  相似文献   

迭代逼近科学方法在速度估算中的作用     

陈宝孚  李貅 《地球科学与环境学报》2000,22(2):67-70

以地球物理中的速度为题 ,在详细描述了速度参数重要作用、各类速度基本概念及其应用范围、影响速度估算的各种因素的基础上 ,以模型和处理流程的叠加速度分析为例 ,在两个层面上展现了迭代逼近方法。又以剩余层速度分析为例 ,说明了具有反馈控制思想的迭代逼近算法 ,从而指出该方法在速度估算中的重要作用  相似文献