长江口氧化还原敏感元素的早期成岩过程   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

邹建军  石学法  李乃胜  刘季花  朱爱美 《地球科学》2010,35(1):31-42

通过测试长江口沉积物及间隙水中Fe、Mn、U及Mo的含量,结合早期成岩模型及地球化学热力学分析,探讨了在河口环境中影响间隙水氧化还原敏感元素(Fe、Mn、U及Mo)分布的主要因素.根据Fick第一定律,估算了Fe、Mn、U及Mo在沉积物-水界面的扩散通量.结果表明,间隙水Fe、Mn、U及Mo的含量分别介于0.8~106μmol/L、14.8~258μmol/L、1.9~14.4nmol/L及60~546nmol/L之间.在垂直剖面上,间隙水Fe、Mn峰值分别出现在约5cm或10cm的深度.早期成岩过程是影响长江口沉积物间隙水Fe、Mn分布的主要因素.吸附系数对间隙水Fe、Mn的分布也有重要的影响.吸附系数越高,间隙水Fe、Mn浓度越低.影响间隙水U分布的主要因素为Fe,而Mo与Fe、Mn之间不存在相关性.通量计算结果显示Fe、Mn、U及Mo的扩散通量分别介于3.0~10.5μmol·(m2·d)-1、35.7~439.5μmol·(m2·d)-1、-2.3~0.2nmol·(m2·d)-1及-36.0~94.6nmol·(m2·d)-1之间.沉积物中自生铀组分约占总铀的6%~67%.   相似文献   

土著微生物参与下河套平原地下水中砷的还原作用     

杨会  王焰新  谢先军  段萌语 《地球科学》2011,36(3):594-598

为查明土著微生物活动对高砷地下水形成的影响,利用河套平原高砷地下水中分离出的土著微生物(YH002)进行了微宇宙实验研究.实验结果表明: 高砷地下水中加入的葡萄糖提供了微生物生长所需要的碳源,微生物大量繁殖,分泌的有机酸使溶液的pH值降低.在缺氧条件下,溶液中的OD值最高达到了0.189,pH值最低为6.22;在有氧条件下,OD值最高达到了0.286,pH值最低为6.04.溶液中As(III)的初始质量浓度为74 μg/L,占总砷质量浓度的11.2%,在加入微生物和葡萄糖后,在缺氧和有氧条件下,As(III)的质量浓度分别为278 μg/L和310 μg/L,占总砷质量浓度的42%和47%.微宇宙实验说明地下水中的土著微生物能将As(V)还原成As(III).   相似文献   

湖北建始黄岩及邻区二叠系大隆组生态地层     

陈立德 《地层学杂志》2009,33(4)

湖北建始黄岩及邻区二叠系大隆相区产丰富的菊石、双壳类、鱼类以及少量的壳薄体轻的腕足类和遗迹化石等底栖生物。根据建始黄岩和巫山纸厂沟剖面上化石的埋葬特征,以化石的形态功能分析为基础,将建始黄岩、巫山纸厂沟二叠纪大隆组—大冶组底部的生物群分为9个群落,根据群落对沉积盆地中游离氧的示踪,将区内群落划分为浮游微生物群落、游泳漂浮群落、底栖表生群落和底栖内生群落四种类型。在群落生态分析及群落带划分的基础上,分析了建始黄岩及邻区群落的时空分布及古地理演变特点。  相似文献   

黄河口外沉积物氧化还原环境的表征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李学刚  宋金明  吕晓霞  袁华茂  詹天荣  李宁 《海洋通报》2004,23(4):25-31

为了评价黄河口外石油开发区沉积物的氧化还原特征,本文根据2002年9月航次所取得的黄河口外41个柱状沉积物样品,研究了该区沉积物氧化还原特征参数Fe^3 ,Fe^2 ,Fe^3 ／Fe^2 及Eh,Es和有机碳、氧化还原度(ROD)等的分布特征,以及这些参数之间的相关关系。研究表明,Fe^3 ,Fe^2 ,Fe^3 ／Fe^2 及Eh,Es和有机碳、氧化还原度(ROD)等在表层沉积物中各站之间的差别不大。Fe^3 和Fe^2 在0～40cm深度范围内变化比较复杂。40cm以后变的相对比较稳定。而Eh和Es有随深度减小的趋势,ROD在整个研究区都小于1,有机碳的含量高于整个渤海的平均值。综合所有氧化还原特征参数的特征,可确认该区沉积物的氧化还原环境为还原性,该还原性特征主要是由有机碳控制的,而活性铁的贡献不明显。  相似文献   

南大巴山上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组泥岩元素地球化学特征          下载免费PDF全文

熊国庆  刘春来  董国明  崔伟 《沉积与特提斯地质》2021,41(3):398-417

元素地球化学在沉积环境判别中发挥重要的作用,尤其是沉积物形成时的氧化-还原环境和底层水体状况.本文对南大巴山上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组泥岩开展了元素地球化学分析,结果表明:临湘组Al2 O3含量高于五峰组,五峰组—龙马溪组向上逐渐增加,TiO2和Al2 O3具有相似的特征,二者与TOC呈负相关;氧化-还原敏感元素...  相似文献   

Redox cycling of iron and manganese in sediments of the Kalix River estuary, Northern Sweden     

Anders Widerlund  Johan Ingri 《Aquatic Geochemistry》1996,2(2):185-201

Iron and manganese redox cycling in the sediment — water interface region in the Kalix River estuary was investigated by using sediment trap data, pore-water and solid-phase sediment data. Nondetrital phases (presumably reactive Fe and Mn oxides) form substantial fractions of the total settling flux of Fe and Mn (51% of Fe_total and 84% of Mn_total). A steady-state box model reveals that nondetrital Fe and Mn differ considerably in reactivity during post-depositional redox cycling in the sediment. The production rate of dissolved Mn (1.6 mmol m^–2 d^–1) exceeded the depositional flux of nondetrital Mn (0.27 mmol m^–2 d^–1) by a factor of about 6. In contrast, the production rate of upwardly diffusing pore-water Fe (0.77 mmol m^–2 d^–1) amounted to only 22% of the depositional flux of nondetrital Fe (3.5 mmol m^–2 d^–1). Upwardly diffusing pore-water Fe and Mn are effectively oxidized and trapped in the oxic surface layer of the sediment, resulting in negligible benthic effluxes of Fe and Mn. Consequently, the concentrations of nondetrital Fe and Mn in permanently deposited, anoxic sediment are similar to those in the settling material. Reactive Fe oxides appear to form a substantial fraction of this buried, non-detrital Fe. The in-situ oxidation rates of Fe and Mn are tentatively estimated to be 0.51 and 0.16–1.7 mol cm^–3 d^–1, respectively.  相似文献   

变价元素在找矿评价工作中的意义和指示作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨泽湘  王秀京  刘炳璋 《物探与化探》2008,32(6)

自然界中的变价元素广泛存在,不同价态的元素具有不同的地球化学性状,反映了不同的氧化还原环境,在成矿过程中形成各具特征的元素组合和矿物组合。利用Eh-pH图解和部分变价元素不同价态的地球化学特征,分析自然界中矿物的稳定性和不同价态元素的共存关系及迁移能力,从中提炼找矿信息,有利于提高野外找矿评价工作成果质量。  相似文献   

Evolution of the composition of seawater through geologic time, and its influence on the evolution of life   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Tsuyoshi Komiya  Takafumi Hirata  Kouki Kitajima  Shinji Yamamoto  Takazo Shibuya  Yusuke Sawaki  Tomoko Ishikawa  Degan Shu  Yong Li  Jian Han 《Gondwana Research》2008,14(1-2):159

The redox state of the surface environment of the early Earth is still controversial, and a detailed and quantitative estimate is still lacking. We carried out in-situ analyses of major, trace, and rare-earth elements of carbonate minerals in rocks with primary sedimentary structures in shallow and deep sea-deposits, in order to eliminate secondary carbonate and contamination of detrital materials, and to estimate the redox condition of seawater through time. Based on the Ce content and anomalies of the carbonate minerals at given parameters of atmospheric CO₂ content (pCO₂) and Ca content of seawater, we calculated the oxygen contents of shallow and deep seawater, respectively. The results show that the oxygen content of the deep sea was low and constant until at least 1.9 Ga. The oxygen content of shallow seawater increased after 2.7 Ga, but fluctuated. It became quite high at 2.5 and 2.3 Ga, but eventually increased after the Phanerozoic. In addition, the calculation of a high pCO₂ condition shows that seawater was more oxic even in the Archean than at present, suggesting a relatively low pCO₂ through geologic time.Our detailed calculations from compositions of carbonate minerals in Three Gorge area, south China show a low oxygen content of seawater after the Snowball Earth until the late Ediacaran, an increase in the late Ediacaran, and a significant decrease around the Precambrian–Cambrian and Nemakit/Daldynian–Tommotian boundaries. These variations were possibly caused by global regression and dissolution of methane hydrates.  相似文献   

贵州独山下二叠统梁山组地球化学特征及其沉积环境意义   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

张国涛  彭中勤  王传尚  李志宏 《中国地质》2016,(4):1291-1303

通过贵州南部独山地区二叠纪梁山组黑色页岩稀土与微量元素含量及其指标分析,探讨梁山组地球化学特征与沉积环境之间的对应关系。结果表明:稀土元素总量(ΣREE)在127.23×10-6~450.07×10-6,平均值271.09×10-6明显大于北美页岩稀土总量;轻重稀土比值(LREE/HREE)在7.66~15.67,平均为9.51,轻稀土相对富集。δCe与δEu、Dyn/Smn、ΣREE三者之间的相关性表明,梁山组稀土元素在沉积转换期受到一定程度成岩作用的影响,δCe异常值作为氧化还原判别指标不太可靠,经过筛选,通过微量元素比值指标Ni/Co≈0.20,U/Th≈0.2,V/Cr≈1.09,δU≈0.73,V/Sc≈7.43等综合判定梁山组沉积期处于充氧-贫氧的海水环境,底栖生物的大量发育也是有利佐证。本文推测梁山组沉积期所处的海水环境并非单纯的充氧、缺氧或者还原环境,更有可能具动态变换的演化过程,初始的海水环境为有利生物繁殖充氧环境,随后逐渐进入贫氧甚至还原环境,阻碍了有机质降解,可能情况分二种:Ⅰ温湿气候的高有机质沉降通量及浅水沉积的快速堆积埋藏,大量消耗了底层水的氧气,海水环境由充氧向贫氧直至还原演化;Ⅰ梁山组沉积物-水界面与贫氧-缺氧界面重合或者附近上下波动,持续慢速的海侵过程使得贫氧-缺氧界面上升,早期生物死亡的有机质堆积下来进入贫氧环境,沉积物与水体的氧气交换越来越少,直至变成还原环境。  相似文献   

Influence of ferric iron on the stability of mineral assemblages     

J. F. A. DIENER  R. POWELL 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2010,28(6):599-613

Ferric iron is present in all metamorphic rocks and has the ability to significantly affect their phase relations. However, the influence of ferric iron has commonly been ignored, or at least not been considered quantitatively, mainly because its abundance in rocks and minerals is not determined by routine analytical techniques. Mineral equilibria calculations that explicitly account for ferric iron can be used to examine its effect on the phase relations in rocks and, in principle, allow the estimation of the oxidation state of rocks. This is illustrated with calculated pseudosections in NCKFMASHTO for mafic and pelitic rock compositions. In addition, it is shown that ferric iron has the capacity to significantly increase the stability of the corundum + quartz assemblage, making it possible for this assemblage to exist at crustal P–T conditions in oxidized rocks of appropriate composition.  相似文献