三峡库区沉积物还原性无机硫形态的分布特征、控制因素及对内源磷释放的影响     

王耀  茅昌平  贾志敏  王帅  饶文波 《湖泊科学》2023,35(2):460-472

还原性无机硫(RIS)包括硫酸盐还原产物和活性铁(Fe_HR)形成的酸可挥发性硫(AVS)、硫的中间产物元素硫(S⁰)及沉积物中硫铁元素的最终积累物质黄铁矿硫(S_py),RIS不仅可以影响沉积物重金属的生物有效性,还控制铁还原及内源磷的释放等生源要素的地球化学行为。为了研究三峡库区沉积物中RIS分布特征及其环境意义,于2017年7—8月和12月采集三峡库区云阳至秭归段17个点的表层沉积物样品并测定其RIS含量。结果表明:与其他湖泊、河流相比,三峡库区表层沉积物RIS含量较低,其中,AVS的含量为0.06～0.65μmol/g,S⁰为0.50～1.66μmol/g,S_py为0.96～17.54μmol/g.AVS和S⁰含量夏季高于冬季,云阳至秭归段RIS变化趋势大致为先降低后增加再降低,有较明显的季节和地域差异。相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析表明,研究区沉积物生物可利用磷(BAP)、Fe_HR及上覆水体SO₄  相似文献   

还原氧化石墨烯复合方式对Ag-TiO2基光电极电子传输性能的影响     

董双石  付绍珠  于洋  李超群  初义聪 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(1):234-242

为进一步提高Ag-TiO₂光催化效能,制备了还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）复合Ag-TiO₂基的光电极。先通过对比不同的复合方式探究rGO对Ag-TiO₂光催化剂表面电子传输和四环素降解效能的影响;再通过电化学阻抗谱测量、莫特-肖特基曲线等电化学手段对电极进行表征。结果表明：分层复合方式主要降低载体表面控制电极双层/薄膜的界面电阻,而全混复合方式主要降低总电荷转移电阻;分层电极的电子供体浓度随rGO质量分数增加而增大;在rGO质量分数为0.45%和0.25%时,分层复合和全混复合材料对四环素的降解速率分别比Ag-TiO₂提高11.4%和2.3%;在外加0.5 V偏压下,分层复合电极LG6降解效率比未加外偏压时提高了5.3%,而全混复合电极MG2效率没有提升。分层复合方式能更有效地提高光催化剂表面电子传输效能。  相似文献   

海洋对热带气旋风应力响应的准平衡解析解     

赵艳玲  邓冰  张铭  刘赛赛  胡冬 《海洋学报》2019,41(6):1-11

为考察海洋上层各物理量对热带气旋风应力的响应问题,本文利用海洋线性化约化重力方程组开展了解析研究,所得主要结论如下:求解该问题使用跟随热带气旋中心移动的极坐标较为方便,当热带气旋风应力在热带气旋云墙内即热带气旋眼中为静止,在云墙处及之外随该极坐标半径增加而成反比衰减时,可求得该问题在此极坐标系中的定常解析解,该解强度与风应力成正比;解的流场在热带气旋云墙内为静止,在云墙处及之外呈现有向外流出的气旋式涡旋形态,且随极坐标半径增加而衰减。在云墙之外离云墙较近处,解的切向流速大于径向流速,在更远处则反之。解的径向流与热带气旋切向风应力平衡,切向流是梯度流,流动呈水平无辐散状态。在热带气旋眼中以及云墙处,海洋上层的厚度不变,且达到最小值。从云墙向外则厚度值逐渐增加。厚度值的变化反映了密度跃层的变化,在厚度值最小处附近,跃层位置有明显抬升,这会造成跃层附近海水涌升,从而海洋上层的响应涡旋是冷性的。略去海洋上层对热带气旋移动的响应,将此移动极坐标系中的解返回到固定坐标系后,则解的空间分布形态不变,但由定常解转变为非定常解,且随热带气旋一起移动;此解最重要的物理性质是其具有准平衡性,这与非平衡的近惯性振荡与重力惯性内波有本质区别。  相似文献   

珊瑚藻-孔石藻（Porolithon onkodes）对海水温度升高与pH值降低的响应     

雷新明  江雷  张浴阳  周国伟  练健生  黄晖 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(2):132-137

Coralline algae(CA),a type of primary calcifying producer presented in coastal ecosystems,are considered one of the highly sensitive organisms to marine environmental change.However,experimental studies on coralline algae responses to elevated seawater temperature and reduced pH have documented either contradictory or opposite results.In this study,we analysed the growth and physiological responses of coralline algae Porolithon onkodes to the elevated temperature(30.8°C)and reduced pH(7.8).The aim of this analysis was to observe the direct and combined effects,while elucidating the growth and photosynthesis in this response.It was demonstrated that the algae thallus growth rate and photosynthesis under elevated temperature were depressed by 21.5%and 14.9%respectively.High pCO2 enhanced the growth and photosynthesis of the thallus at ambient temperature,while they were deceased when both temperature and pCO2 were elevated.CA is among the most sensitive organisms to ocean acidification(OA)because of their precipitate high Mg-calcite.We hypothesize that coralline algae could increase their calcification rate in order to counteract the effects of moderate acidification,but offset by the effect of elevated temperature.Accordingly,our results also support the conclusion that global warming(GW)is a stronger threat to algal performance than OA.Our findings are also proposed that coralline algae may be more resilient under OA than GW.  相似文献   

ASTER数据与ETM数据蚀变信息提取的对比研究——以巴什布拉克铀矿区油气还原蚀变分析为例   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

叶发旺 《地球信息科学学报》2009,11(3):274-281

本文在深入分析巴什布拉克铀矿区油气还原蚀变岩石的光谱特征,ASTER与ETM数据对蚀变岩石光谱特征反映的差异性的基础上,提出了正反两种蚀变信息提取的思路和两种数据在不同思路下提取蚀变信息的效果对比。研究表明,利用ASTER数据与ETM数据在增强研究区三价铁信息,间接反映油气还原蚀变规律方面效果相当;而在直接增强油气还原蚀变信息方面,ASTER数据的应用效果明显好于ETM数据。增强的遥感油气还原蚀变信息对分析研究区白垩系油气还原蚀变规律和矿区外围铀矿找矿具有重要的意义。  相似文献   

Restoration of tidal freshwater vegetation using controlled reduced tide (CRT) along the Schelde Estuary (Belgium)     

S. Jacobs  O. Beauchard  E. Struyf  T. Cox  T. Maris  P. Meire 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Throughout the world, tidal marshes are being restored to obtain natural protection against recurring storm surges and sea level rise and to preserve the resources these habitats provide. Managed realignment, or breaching of the seaward dikes, is a restoration technique increasingly used; yet unsuitable site elevation has been a major constraint to habitat development. Controlled reduced tide (CRT), a new technique to implement tidal regime on low elevated sites, could offer solutions for several problems associated with reconstruction or mitigation of tidal marshes.  相似文献