顺层岩质边坡预应力锚索抗震加固机制研究     

王秒  李海波  刘亚群  张伟  黄晓程 《岩土力学》2013,34(12):3555-3560

将顺层岩质边坡的层面考虑为弱面,将其等效为等间距共线多节理的力学模型。预应力锚索加固边坡的锚固模型等效为平面有限宽度岩体节理问题。并将初始应力和地震荷载引起的附加动应力视为远场作用,锚固边坡的受力问题视为远场作用效果和节理面集中力作用效果的叠加。根据叠加原理计算地震荷载作用下裂纹端部应力强度因子,发现位于裂纹端部的预应力锚索能大幅度降低I型裂纹的应力强度因子。以应力强度因子作为岩体的压剪破坏判据解释顺层岩质边坡预应力锚索的抗震加固机制,能很好地解释汶川地震边坡破坏特点。  相似文献   

Shallow water body data processing based on the seismic oceanography     

LIU Huaishan  HU Yi  YIN Yanxin  WANG Linfei  TONG Siyou  MA Hai 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2013,12(3):319-326

Physical properties of sea water,such as salinity,temperature,density and acoustic velocity,could be demarcated through degradation of energy caused by water absorption,attenuation and other factors.To overcome the challenging difficulties in the quick monitoring of these physical properties,we have explored the high resolution marine seismic survey to instantly characterize them.Based on the unique wavefield propagating in the sea water,we have developed a new approach to suppress the noise caused by the shallow sea water disturbance and obtain useful information for estimating the sea water structure.This approach improves seismic data with high signal-to-noise ratio and resolution.The seismic reflection imaging can map the sea water structure acoustically.Combined with the knowledge of local water body structure profile over years,the instant model for predicting the sea water properties could be built using the seismic data acquired from the specially designed high precision marine seismic acquisition.This model can also be updated with instant observation and the complete data processing system.The present study has the potential value to many applications,such as 3D sea water monitoring,engineering evaluation,geological disaster assessment and environmental assessment.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地结晶基底的反射地震调查   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

于常青  赵殿栋  杨文采 《地球物理学报》2012,55(9):2925-2938

大型克拉通内部沉积盆地基底组构与盆地起源和油气聚集有密切关系.除了钻井岩心及周缘露头研究可提供盆地结晶基底类型证据外,反射地震信号记录了沉积盆地起源时期的有关大地构造作用信息,盆地基底组构可通过记录长度大的反射地震剖面研究.2007年中石化在塔里木盆地将1400 km的地震剖面接收记录从6 s加长到12 s,为研究克拉通盆地结晶基底的组构和类型提供了难得的第一手资料.这篇文章主要介绍这次调查的反射地震剖面,讨论深反射地震数据处理的关键技术,展示塔里木盆地巴楚—塔中地区的四条12 s反射地震剖面,并对反射剖面的散射模式作初步分析.本次调查表明,将地震剖面接收记录从6 s加长到12 s,采集处理的成本只增加了3％左右,但是可为研究克拉通盆地结晶基底和上地壳不均匀性提供很有价值的第一手资料.  相似文献   

基于模糊集分析的土壤质量指标高光谱反演   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李希灿  王静  李玉环  王芳  赵杰 《地理与地理信息科学》2008,24(4)

通过对横山县84个土样350~2 500 nm波段的光谱曲线分析,进行土壤质量12项指标的光谱反演。为获得有效光谱反演指标,利用单相关分析方法计算土壤质量指标与光谱反射率的相关系数并绘制相关系数曲线,根据极大相关性选择最佳波段作为光谱反演指标;剔除异常样本后,利用模糊识别理论建立土壤质量指标反演模型,通过优化得到模型的最佳参数。土壤质量12项指标光谱反演模型的平均检验误差均小于15%,说明模型的精度较高。  相似文献   

TST技术在岩溶地区隧道超前预报中的应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

肖启航  谢朝娟 《岩土力学》2012,33(5):1416-1420

顶效隧道位于岩溶发育地区,地质构造复杂,岩体破碎,对超前预报技术的要求高,风险较大。目前国内外应用的隧道超前预报技术多数都存在着技术缺陷,不能区分不同方向的地震回波,不能准确地确定掌子面前方围岩的波速,不能正确地进行纵横波分离等问题,影响到预报的可靠性和准确性。为了确保施工安全,减少和避免地质灾害发生,顶效隧道超前预报中采用了TST技术。应用结果表明,TST技术采用空间阵列系统和速度扫描技术有效地解决了掌子面前方围岩速度分布问题,提高了构造定位精度;应用二维方向滤波技术有效地消除了上下、左右的侧向回波和面波干扰,成功提取了前方回波用于超前预报,避免了虚报误报,解决了复杂地质条件下的超前预报问题。  相似文献   

Basin-scale structure control of Carlin-style gold deposits in central Southwestern Guizhou,China: Insights from seismic reflection profiles and gravity data     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

Carlin-style gold deposits are widely distributed in Southwestern Guizhou, China. Research has dominantly focused on deposit-scale geology and structural control of mineralization. The relationship between the gold deposits and regional structures, in particular their control on the formation and distribution of those deposits is less well understood. Here we use seismic survey and gravity data to reveal the basin-scale structure control of the gold deposits in central Southwestern Guizhou. The seismic reflection profiles show strong reflection horizons including Upper Permian coal measures, and Dongwu and Guangxi unconformities. The seismic data provide important evidence of the basinal structural style and the relationship between fault-related folding and the Carlin-style gold deposits. Regional gravity data also revealed several paleo-uplifts, which appear to control the distribution of Carlin-style gold deposits.The Carlin-style gold deposits are spatially and temporally associated with fault-related folds. Based on their location, we classify the gold deposits into two types, (1) low-angle thrust-controlled deposits; and (2) high-angle reverse fault-related deposits. In the low-angle thrust-controlled deposits, main thrusts are listric, strike NW-SE and dip southwest. These thrusts detach into coal measures, tuffs and volcanic rocks and are bedding-parallel in the vicinity of the Dongwu unconformity. Gold ore bodies are found in the thrusts and characterized by cutting-layer veins near the surface and bedding-parallel veins at depth. The high-angle reverse fault-related deposits are located in the hinge of northeast-southwest-striking fault-related folds, with high-angle reverse faults near the hinge of folds crosscutting the Upper Permian coal measures, volcanic rocks and Dongwu unconformity, and then into the limestone of Middle Permian Maokou Formation. Ore bodies are bedding-parallel in anticline culminations where interlayer fracture zones in Upper Permian coal measures and volcanic rocks are generated by high-angle reverse faulting.We consider that the formation of the gold deposits is part of the tectonic evolution in the area. The two sets of NW-SE- and NE-SW-striking fault-related folds were successively formed during the closure of eastern Tethys Ocean in Late Triassic, and major gold deposits formed in the fault-related folds. The Dongwu unconformity and faults provided conduits for ore fluid flow, and the coal measures and the tuffs of Dachang Member acted as detachment layers and hosts for ore deposition.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘泾河油田长7-长8古流向及 沉积相分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

潘杰  刘忠群  蒲仁海  周思宾  范久霄  刘祎楠 《沉积学报》2017,35(1):124-138

对泾河油田三维地震前积反射、钻井取芯砂岩轻重矿物分离测试和砂体剖面结构对比,并结合前人研究结果认为,泾河油田长8-长7砂岩碎屑主要来自于西南部陇西古陆,部分来自于南部秦岭物源,不受北东物源影响。结合物源、岩芯特征和测井相分析结果认为,泾河油田整个长8₁自下而上是河流-三角洲-半深湖的水进沉积过程,发育3条北东向和1条南北向河道。长8₁2为滨浅湖相-三角洲-河流相沉积,发育（水下）分流河道砂岩;长8₁1储层为浅湖-半深湖背景中水进三角洲水下分流河道砂岩。长7₂为浊积砂岩储层,发育9个北东向浊积水道。  相似文献   

地震反射剖面揭示的苏北盆地北缘构造特征及其演化     

陆一锋  徐永清  刘茂争 《江苏地质》2017,41(4):624-630

苏北盆地位于下扬子板块东北部鲁苏隆起的南侧,由于构造位置特殊,其构造演化比较复杂。利用高分辨率反射剖面资料,得到苏北盆地北缘清晰的地下结构和断裂形态。结果表明,整个剖面以大东凸起为对称轴,两侧箕状凹陷近似对称发育,涟南凹陷呈南深北浅的形态,涟北凹陷呈南浅北深的形态,该凹陷内正断层发育。这些研究成果为建立研究区的构造演化模式提供了重要的信息,推测自白垩纪末期以来,研究区在印度板块碰撞和太平洋板块碰撞影响下,拉张裂隙和挤压隆起2种作用交替进行,形成了对称箕状凹陷。  相似文献   

长垣断陷的地壳浅部结构和构造——地震反射剖面结果     

花鑫升  邓小娟  季通宇 《大地测量与地球动力学》2017,37(12):1224-1228

为研究长垣断陷的地壳浅部结构和断裂浅部构造特征,跨长垣断陷完成了一条长度49 km的中深层地震反射剖面和一条长度7 km的浅层地震反射剖面。根据获得的地震反射剖面,结合区域地质资料,分析研究区的地壳浅部结构和断裂活动特征。结果表明,长垣断陷是一个东深、西浅的箕状断陷;黄河断裂为西倾的铲形正断层,其浅部错断了埋深约190 m的第四纪地层,其下部错断了多组反射地层和盆地基底,属第四纪以来的隐伏活动断裂;长垣断裂浅部错断了新近纪地层的底界,向下延伸至基底之下,属前第四纪断裂。本文研究成果为新乡市及其邻区的活动构造研究和地震危险性评价提供了地震学证据。  相似文献   

浅层地震反射在郧西盆地断层探测中的应用与研究     

林松  罗登贵  李媛  周欣 《大地测量与地球动力学》2017,37(2):146-148

在前期详细地质调查的基础上,对郧西盆地进行针对性的浅层地震反射勘探,并利用地震发射结果来确定断层位置及构造特征。该研究对南水北调中线核心水源区地震安全系统的建设有一定意义。  相似文献