水资源可利用量估算初步分析   总被引：20，自引：1，他引：20  

郭周亭 《水文》2001,21(5):23-26

水资源可利用量的概念、内涵、影响因素和制约条件都是研究可利用量计算方法所不可忽视的前提，探讨一种可行的计算方法，对水资源开发利用、区域工程规划、经济发展规划具有重要意义。通过对水资源开发利用程度及其发展状况分析研究，提出了不同开发利用条件下的计算方法。  相似文献   

载荷试验快速法的数据处理     

闫哲 《水文地质工程地质》2001,28(2):28-30

本文介绍了载荷试验快速法的基本内容，结合工程实例介绍了数据处理的过程，并简述了数据处理的电算法。  相似文献   

聚合物驱油含水率变化及增加可采储量预测   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

鲁洪江  冯文光  Haefner F 《矿物岩石》2002,22(3):76-78

根据试验区开发数据总结注聚合物驱油含水率变化规律。找到描述聚合物驱油见效后含水变化规律的数学模型。并根据该模型推导出预测和评价注聚合物驱油效果的方法，利用该方法得到的预测结果同后期实际生产数据之间误差很小，在对达到高含水期后的大庆油田进行提高剩余油采收率试验获得到成功，并在其他地区得到大规模地推广应用。  相似文献   

北京地区坡面径流计算模型的比较研究   总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14  

符素华  刘宝元  吴敬东  段淑怀 《地理科学》2002,22(5):604-609

利用北京市西南山区房山蒲洼两个坡耕地小区30场降雨径流资料和密云石匣示范区休闲地试验小区13场降雨径流资料，对Chu修正的Mein-Larson-Green-Ampt(GAML)、Phillip、Horton和SCS径流曲线数法4种径流计算公式进行了对比。结果表明：GAML和Phillip计算结果的模型确定性系数较高，Horton入渗曲线和SCS曲线数的计算结果模型确定性系数偏低。根据模型参数的易获得性，建议在北京山区，在有降雨过程资料时，使用Chu修正的GAML入渗曲线进行径流计算；若无降雨过程资料可用SCS径流曲线数进行径计算。本研究结果可用于北京地区径流量预报和水土资源评价。  相似文献   

散射辐射计算方法和气溶胶的气候效应   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2  

钱永甫 《高原气象》1991,10(4):429-441

本文详细地介绍了大气散射辐射和辐射变温率的计算方法,并就气溶胶的概念、辐射特征以及气候效应进行了讨论。文中提出了求解辐射通量密度的迭代方法。本文是在各类数值模式中引入气溶胶气候效应的理论基础。  相似文献   

一次浮尘源地及其三维路径的计算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

任金声  董立清 《气象》1992,18(11):3-7

应用三维风场,借助计算气块路径的方法,对一次沙暴天气引起的浮尘飘移,进行了逆向追踪计算,得出了浮尘源地的位置和浮尘飘移的三维空间路径。经与天气实况对比,两者基本相符。这对于预测大气中污染物的飘移和确定污染源的位置,具有实际意义。  相似文献   

RESTORATION OF THE ORIGINAL TOPOGRAPHY OF THE XIAONANHAI LANDSLIDE IN CHONGQING AND CALCULATION OF ITS VOLUME          下载免费PDF全文

ZHOU Xin  ZHOU Qing  GAO Shuai-po  LI Xiao-feng 《地震地质》1979,42(4):936-954

As documented in history, an M6¼ earthquake occurred between Qianjiang, Chongqing and Xianfeng, Hubei(also named the Daluba event)in 1856. This earthquake caused serious geological hazards, including a lot of landslides at Xiaonanhai, Wangdahai, Zhangshangjie and other places. Among them, the Xiaonanhai landslide is a gigantic one, which buried a village and blocked the river, creating a quake lake that has been preserved to this day. As the Xiaonanhai landslide is a historical earthquake-induced landslide, it is impossible to obtain the remote sensing image and DEM data before the earthquake, which brings certain difficulties to the estimation of landslide volume and the establishment of numerical simulation model. In this paper, the original topography before the earthquake is inferred by the methods of geomorphic analogy in adjacent areas and numerical simulation, and the volume of the Xiaonanhai landslide body is calculated. Firstly, the principle and application of UAV aerial photography are introduced. We employed an unmanned airplane to take pictures of the Xiaonanhai landslide and adjacent areas, yielding high-precision DOM images(digital orthophoto graph)and DEM data which permit generating terrain contours with a 25m interval. We also used the method of intensive manual depth measurement in waters to obtain the DEM data of bottom topography of Xiaonanhai quake lake. Based on field investigations, and combining terrain contours and DOM images, we described the sizes and forms of each slump mass in detail. Secondly, considering that the internal and external dynamic geological processes of shaping landforms in the same place are basically the same, the landforms such as ridges and valleys are also basically similar. Therefore, combining with the surrounding topography and landform of the Xiaonanhai area, we used MATLAB software to reconstruct two possible original landform models before the landslide. The original topography presented by model A is a relatively gentle slope, with a slope of 40°~50°, and the original topography presented by model B is a very high and steep slope, with a slope of 70°~80°. Thirdly, Geostudio software is used to conduct numerical simulation analysis on the slope stability. The safety factor of slope stability and the scale of landslide are analyzed under the conditions of static stability, seismic dynamic response and seismic dynamic response considering topographic amplification effect. The results show that large landslide is more likely to occur in model B, which is more consistent with the reality. In order to verify the credibility of recovered DEM data of valley bottom topography, we visited the government of Qianjiang District, collected the drilling data of 11 boreholes in two survey lines of Xiaonanhai weir dam. It is verified that the recovered valley bottom elevation is basically consistent with that revealed by the borehole data. Finally, according to the two kinds of topographic data before and after the landslide, the volume of the landslide is calculated by using the filling and excavation analysis function of ArcGIS software. There is a gap between the calculation results of filling and excavation, the filling data is 3×10⁶m³ larger than the excavation data. The reasons are mainly as follows: 1)Due to the disorderly accumulation of collapse blocks, the porosity of the accumulation body became larger, causing the volume of the fill to expand; 2)It has been more than 150a since the Xiaonanhai earthquake, and the landslide accumulation has been seriously reconstructed, therefore, there are some errors in the filling data; 3)The accumulation body in Xiaonanhai quake lake might be subject to erosion and siltation, this may affect the accuracy of the filling data. In conclusion, it is considered that the calculated results of the excavation are relatively reliable, with a volume of 4.3×10⁷m³.  相似文献   

地震活动显著增强指标算法研究     

贾漯昭  宋美琴  谢健健  邢康  高家乙 《地震地磁观测与研究》2020,41(2):155-164

根据华北地区1970年以来地震目录和历史地震文献资料，对地震活动显著增强异常指标进行归纳、总结和实验，对照《中国震例（1966-2012）》中中国东部地区发生的1975年2月4日辽宁海城7.4级、1976年7月28日河北唐山7.8级等典型地震进行震例回溯检验，明确该项指标的计算规则，设计计算机自动化程序，在短时间内对指定区域进行地震活动显著增强异常指标的扫描计算，为开展测震学异常判定及预测指标提取等工作提供参考依据。  相似文献   

层状热储地热井权益保护半径计算探讨     

刘帅  冯守涛  刘志涛  黄松  黄星  朱利民 《中国地质调查》2020,7(3):104-108

为保证地热资源的可持续开采,防止地热尾水回灌时发生热突破现象,文章系统整理了地热井权益保护半径的计算方法。通过理论推导,发现开采井权益保护半径的计算方法有3个不足之处: (1)公式中参数f定义为水比热与热储岩石比热的比值,存在缺陷; (2)热储回收率取值0.15,较为片面,不能代表不同岩性热储回收率的取值; (3)计算时间固定为36 500 d,较为片面,不适用于地热井间歇开采期。针对上述问题,该文重新给定了参数f的定义,并将热储回收率和开采时间以变量符号替代,可根据不同热储层和具体开采时间加以确定。通过研究不同回灌井权益保护半径计算方法的适用条件,提出应根据(β^-1-α)与3λ的大小关系选择不同的计算公式。对开采井和回灌井权益保护半径计算公式进行对比,发现开采井权益保护半径恒大于回灌井权益保护半径,并以德城区水文家园开采系统和回灌系统为例进行计算,验证了理论推导的结果。  相似文献   

均质潜水含水层抽、灌水实验测求参数的对比     

邵洪文  刘拴民  宋曙光 《地下水》2003,25(2):68-70

本文设计了在室内均质潜水含水层抽、灌地下水的实验，对实验准备工作和实验过程进行了规划，使用观测的实验数据分别对水文地质参数进行了对比计算和规律分析。最后对实施人工回灌的具体工作进行了归纳总结。  相似文献