FY3B/MERSI数据的湖泊湿地面积提取对比分析     

冯锐  于文颖  纪瑞鹏  张玉书  武晋雯  陈鹏狮 《测绘科学》2017,42(7)

针对国产风云三系列中分辨率卫星快速有效地进行水体识别的问题,基于2011—2016年数据进行了辽宁省主要湖泊水库的光谱分析,提出了晴空条件和有云情况下分别采用归一化水体指数方法和通道值与归一化水体指数相结合方法进行湖泊水库的提取。结果表明:FY3B/MERSI湖泊光谱曲线具有水体光谱特征,具体表现为8通道的数据反射率最高,18通道数据反射率最低。通过与49景TM数据水体提取结果进行对比,FY3B/MERSI数据水体提取的面积精度达到85%以上,总体分类精度达到90%以上,Kappa系数在0.56~0.95之间。提出了简便、快捷的计算模型,为国产卫星数据的业务应用提供了初步方法。  相似文献   

The nephelinitic–phonolitic volcanism of the Trindade Island (South Atlantic Ocean): Review of the stratigraphy,and inferences on the volcanic styles and sources of nephelinites     

《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2016

Trindade Island is located in the South Atlantic Ocean, 1170 km from the Brazilian coast, and represents the eastern end of the E–W Vitória–Trindade Chain. It shows the youngest plume-induced (ca. 3.7 to <0.17 Ma) subaerial volcanism on the South American plate, associated with the Trindade plume activity. Almeida (1961) recognized five volcanogenic successions at Trindade (in decreasing age): the Trindade Complex (TC, >2.4 Ma) and the Desejado (DF, ∼2.4 to 1.5 Ma), Morro Vermelho (MV, <0.17 Ma), Valado (VF, no age) and Paredão (PF, no age) formations, composed of effusive–pyroclastic deposits and subvolcanic intrusions associated with nephelinite–phonolite volcanic episodes. We revised the original Almeida's (1961) stratigraphy with additional field work and petrography to recognize eruptive styles and processes within the nephelinite–phonolite volcanism. Also, available geochemical databases were used to improve the stratigraphic correlation between nephelinites from different units and to characterize their mantle sources.The nephelinitic volcanism may represent Strombolian and Hawaiian–type activity of low viscosity and volatile–rich lavas interlayered with pyroclastic successions (fall–out deposits). Phonolitic deposits record explosive Vulcanian–style episodes of volatile–rich and higher–viscosity lavas interlayered with pyroclastic deposits (mostly pyroclastic flows). Geochemical data allowed the individualization of nephelinites as follows: (1) MV olivine–rich nephelinites and all olivine–free varieties are low K₂O/Na₂O, K₂O/TiO₂ and intermediate CaO/Al₂O₃ that may be derived from N–MORB and HIMU mantle components; (2) the VF olivine–rich nephelinites have high K₂O/Na₂O, K₂O/TiO₂ and CaO/Al₂O₃ that indicates both EM and HIMU mantle sources and; (3) the PF olivine–rich nephelinites show high K₂O/TiO₂ similar to those from VF, and intermediate CaO/Al₂O₃ as nephelinites from MV rocks, suggesting a mixed source with EM + HIMU > N–MORB components.We suggest that the HIMU and EM mantle types resulted from metasomatic episode(s) in the peridotitic mantle beneath the Trindade Island during the Brasiliano Orogeny and later, as previously pointed out by Marques et al. (1999). Thus, the major HIMU component would relate to recycled oceanic crust or lithospheric mantle (mostly CO₂–eclogites) whereas the less important EM component to recycled marine or continental sediments.  相似文献   

基于时频电磁法的冀中坳陷油气藏勘探调查     

石卓  张辉  段涛  张鹏 《世界地质》2018,37(2):585-594

将时频电磁法应用于冀中坳陷潜山型油气藏调查中,通过分析潜山油气藏的电磁特性以及岩芯测试结果,总结出潜山带上层油气藏的电磁异常特征为高极化率、低电阻率;潜山内部油气藏的异常特征为高极化率、高电阻率。依据异常参数,在牛驼镇凸起地区划分了2-1,3-1,5-1,5-2和9-1,5个潜山含油气有利区,与现有钻探数据基本吻合。  相似文献   

A Logging Identification Method for Fractured Vuggy Carbonate Reservoirs Based on Curve Reconstruction: A Case Study from the Pz Formation in Karabulak Oil Field in the South Turgai Basin*     

Kegui Chen  Sixu Liu  Zhaofeng Wang  Yifei Zhang 《地球科学进展》2018,33(11):1154-1160

The basement carbonate reservoirs in the Karabulak oil field of the South Turgai Basin have the characteristics of complex structure, variety of pore type and strong heterogeneity. The identification of such reservoirs by single conventional logging method is always a difficult point in logging interpretation. In this paper, the response characteristics of conventional logging curves such as deep lateral resistivity, acoustic time difference, density and compensated neutron were used for reconstruction. Combined with the improved method of curve change rate, the response laws of fractured carbonate reservoirs, pore-cave reservoirs and fractured vuggy reservoirs on conventional logging curves were summed up, respectively. And a new logging evaluation method for carbonate fractured vuggy reservoirs in the Karabulak oil field of South Turgai Basin was proposed. This method was used to identify reservoirs in X1, X2 and X3 wells of this oilfield. The results show that the carbonate reservoirs in this area are mainly fractured-vuggy type. Compared with the oil test conclusion and imaging logging, the method proposed in this paper accurately divided the reservoir type. And the efficiency and accuracy of the reservoir division have been greatly improved.  相似文献   

融合地震属性和成像测井信息优化的储层缝洞带评价与钻井轨迹     

王磊  沈金松  邹榕  蔺学敏  徐忠祥  苏朝阳  杨萍 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(2):607-623

针对新疆某工区强非均质性岩溶缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层,提出了一种基于地震多属性优化与电成像测井信息融合的碳酸盐岩储层缝洞带识别评价与钻井轨迹优化设计方法。首先,利用相干体、蚂蚁体等多种地震属性与张量约束的稀疏脉冲反演结果综合实现缝洞发育带空间分布预测与雕刻,确定可能油气圈闭的分布范围;然后,基于数学形态学滤波方法,由电成像测井资料自动拾取井壁的裂缝和溶蚀孔洞分布,统计井壁裂缝倾向和倾角;再次,用工区内钻孔多臂井径资料计算的井筒崩落信息与电成像资料拾取的诱导缝信息预测工区的最大和最小主应力方向;最后,融合地震属性与电成像测井信息评价的缝洞分布结果,预测工区内走滑断裂带的最大主应力方向以NE—SW为主,局部为NW—SE,且以中高角度为主的裂缝走向与主应力近乎平行。采用预测主应力分布方法实现了沿NW—SE方向的大斜度井与水平井优化设计,钻遇了大规模优质储集体,获得了稳定油流,并以此为基础在周围打井若干口,极大地降低了深层勘探的钻井风险。  相似文献   

巴西桑托斯盆地高含CO2油气藏类型、特征及成因模式     

赵健  赵俊峰  任康绪  王童奎  许必锋  郝强升  高志远 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(6):1654-1664

桑托斯盆地盐下油气藏中CO₂分布广泛,局部摩尔分数极高,给勘探、开发都带来了巨大挑战。通过对典型油气藏解剖分析,并利用流体取样、闪蒸实验测试分析等资料,将盆内油气藏分为3类：类型Ⅰ,含CO₂溶解气的高气油比常规油藏;类型Ⅱ,CO₂气顶+油环型油气藏;类型Ⅲ,（含溶解烃）CO₂气藏。其中类型Ⅰ油藏和类型ⅢCO₂气藏中流体性质均匀、稳定,油-水界面、气-水界面清晰;类型Ⅱ气顶+油环型油气藏流体成分和性质不均匀、不稳定,流体界面复杂。物理热模拟实验表明盆内3种类型油气藏是地层条件下,超临界状态CO₂和烃类有限互溶,动态成藏过程不同阶段的产物。动态成藏过程中,CO₂对烃类进行抽提、萃取,烃类（原油）对CO₂进行溶解,两者相互作用存在一个动态平衡（范围）。烃类和CO₂相对量大小决定了最终的油气藏类型,温-压条件变化和油气藏开发可改变油气藏平衡状态,造成流体相态变化和3类油气藏间的相互转化。  相似文献   

Numerical modelling of the dynamic process of oil displacement by water in sandstone reservoirs with random pore structures          下载免费PDF全文

Gao Fei  Liu Feng  Wang Hua-jun 《地下水科学与工程》2021,9(3):233-244

In order to maintain the production rate of a reservoir and improve the displacement efficiency, it is crucial to have an in-depth understanding of the process of oil displacement by water. However, with respect to the conceptualization of porous media of a reservoir, very limited efforts have been made to the pore structures inside the reservoirs. In this paper, the pore structures of a sandstone reservoir were generated by using the method of random growth algorithm. Based on the randomly generated model, a theoretical model to describe the dynamic process of oil displacement by water in the sandstone reservoir was established, and then corresponding numerical modelling was performed. The effects of the displacement velocity, the viscosity ratio of oil-water phase and the porosity of reservoirs on the displacement performance were also analyzed. Results show that due to a great difference in the viscosity between oil and water phases, the moving interface of water phase is not uniform, and the viscous fingering occurs, tending to proceed along the direction with the minimum flow resistance. There is not a linear relationship between the displacement velocity and the displacement efficiency. Too high displacement velocities do not lead to much better displacement efficiency, while a higher pressure drop is caused.Choosing a proper displacement velocity is indispensable in practical engineering. A lower oil-water viscosity ratio is more favorable to obtain high displacement efficiency. Under the present simulation conditions, when the viscosity ratio is 1.2, the displacement efficiency reaches 96.2% at a moderate Reynolds number. The porosity is not a sole factor determining the displacement performance. Even for the same porosity, the shape and length of preferential flow paths are different and randomly distributed,causing a different displacement performance. A large tortuosity tends to result in a low hydraulic conductivity and displacement efficiency.  相似文献   

普通稠油水淹层顶部剩余油水平井技术界限研究——以孤岛中二北Ng5为例     

周燕 《海洋地质译丛》2009,(2):78-81

具有较大边底水的中等厚度的普通稠油油藏,长期以来利用直井开发,效果不佳。在高油价的有利条件下,针对该类油藏,提出了利用水平井挖潜,以孤岛中二北北部Ng5稠油区块为例,建立实际参数的概念模型,分不渗透隔层和无隔层两种类型,对水平井的开发方式、最小有效厚度、水平井垂向位置、排液量、井距及水平段长度进行了优化,给出了对应两种类型的水平井技术界限,现场实施取得了良好的开发效果。  相似文献   

The importance of shale composition and pore structure upon gas storage potential of shale gas reservoirs   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

Daniel J.K. Ross  R. Marc Bustin 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2009

The effect of shale composition and fabric upon pore structure and CH₄ sorption is investigated for potential shale gas reservoirs in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). Devonian–Mississippian (D–M) and Jurassic shales have complex, heterogeneous pore volume distributions as identified by low pressure CO₂ and N₂ sorption, and high pressure Hg porosimetry. Thermally mature D–M shales (1.6–2.5% VRo) have Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) CO₂ micropore volumes ranging between 0.3 and 1.2 cc/100 g and N₂ BET surface areas of 5–31 m²/g. Jurassic shales, which are invariably of lower thermal maturity ranging from 0.9 to 1.3% VRo, than D–M shales have smaller D–R CO₂ micropore volumes and N₂ BET surface areas, typically in the range of 0.23–0.63 cc/100 g (CO₂) and 1–9 m²/g (N₂).  相似文献   

Effects of sedimentary interfaces on fracture pattern,linkage, and cluster formation in peritidal carbonate rocks     

Belinda Larsen  Agust Gudmundsson  Ivar Grunnaleite  Gunnar Sælen  Michael R. Talbot  Simon J. Buckley 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2010

The permeability of a reservoir is particularly dependent upon the proportion of its fractures that penetrate or are arrested at interfaces such as contacts and discontinuities. Here we report on fracture penetration and fracture arrest in Lower Cretaceous peritidal deposits exposed in the Pizzicoli Quarry, Gargano Promontory, southern Italy. We measured more than 2000 fractures, in the field and using LIDAR data, of which 564 fractures from the field and 518 from LIDAR studies are the focus of this paper. Fracture arrest/deflection and penetration depend much on the effects of peritidal cycle interfaces such as paleosol horizons, laminated carbonate mudstones, and stylonodular horizons. The laminated mudstones have the greatest effect; 63–99% of the fractures are deflected or arrested at such interfaces, whereas 63–90% are deflected/arrested at paleosols, and 20–35% at stylonodular horizons. In the mudstones, many fractures are arrested at thin, internal laminae, such that few penetrate the entire laminated layer, and fewer still the boundaries between the layers. Paleosol interfaces deflect/arrest more than 60% of all fractures. However, when small-offset fractures above and below paleosols are regarded as penetrating, they are evenly spaced (non-clustered), so that fracture-related fluid transport may occur across the entire paleosol. Stylonodular horizons deflect/arrest and split some fractures, but generally have little effect compared with the other types of interfaces. We present three main mechanisms for fracture deflection and/or arrest: (1) the fracture-induced tensile stress ahead of its tip, referred to as the Cook-Gordon debonding mechanism; (2) rotation of the principal stresses at and across the interface, resulting in the formation of stress barriers; and (3) large elastic mismatch (particularly as regards Young’s moduli) between layers across an interface. All these mechanisms are likely to have operated during fracture propagation and arrest in the carbonate rocks of the Pizzicoli Quarry.  相似文献