东海夏季日本鲭(Scomber japonicus)和鳀鱼(Engraulis japonicus)鱼卵仔鱼分布特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

蒋玫  王云龙 《海洋与湖沼》2007,38(4):351-355

采用1999年6—8月间在东海(26°30′—32°30′N、121°00′—128°00′E)的日本鲭和鱼卵仔鱼综合调查资料,对鱼卵仔鱼的数量分布的生态特征进行分析,并就平面分布与水文环境的关系进行了初步探讨。结果表明,鱼卵分布范围较仔鱼要大,高值区主要出现在南部近海的鱼外渔场,鱼仔鱼则在近海的长江口外渔场分布较多。日本鲭仔鱼的摄食对水温盐度的要求较亲鱼产卵的水文环境要严格许多,鱼产卵受水温和盐度的影响控制较仔鱼的育肥更为显著。两种鱼卵仔鱼数量平面分布状况与黄海冷水、江浙沿岸流、台湾暖流以及黑潮在本区运动消长而产生的温、盐变化存在着密切关系,日本鲭和鱼的鱼卵数量随着浮游动物丰度减少而逐渐增加,鱼仔鱼的数量则随着浮游动物丰度的增加而增加,浮游生物饵料生物的变动对鱼卵仔鱼的分布也有一定的影响。  相似文献   

虾池中桡足类及其休眠卵携带对虾白斑综合症病毒的初步调查研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张家松  董双林  董云伟  闫冬春  田相利  刘相义 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(3):405-408,412

探讨对虾白斑综合症(White Spot Syndrome WSS)与虾池中桡足类之间的关系,于2003年5~10月份,在暴发过对虾白斑综合症的池塘中采集桡足类样品共128个,并从冬季底泥样品分离出桡足类休眠卵样品20个,以及此种休眠卵孵化得来的桡足类幼体样品5个。利用PCR斑点杂交法以及巢式PCR法检测样品中对虾白斑综合症病毒(White Spot Syndrome Virus WSSV)携带情况。结果表明,5~10月份桡足类样品中均能检测到阳性样品,总的阳性率为56.3%;其中,5月份样品阳性率为37.5%,6,8,9,10月份各取样1次,每次样品中的阳性率均在60%以上。在20例桡足类休眠卵样品中有1例为阳性,阳性率为5%;并且实验室中孵化此种休眠卵得来的桡足类幼体样品中检测到阳性,阳性率为40%。本研究初步表明,桡足类是WSSV的携带者或传播媒介之一,且冬季池塘底泥中携带WSSV的桡足类休眠卵可萌发出带病毒的桡足类。  相似文献   

A potential source of recruitment of Acartia pacifica nauplii: viable benthic resting eggs     

WANG Guizhong  JIANG Xiaodong  LI Shaojing  WU Lisheng  WU Dingxun 《海洋学报(英文版)》2005,24(2):151-158

Many estuarine and coastal planktonic copepods depend on the hatching of benthic resting eggs for recruitment of nauplii to the water column population. The distribution and abundance of viable resting eggs of Acartia pacifica in the Xiamen Bay were determined by the presence of nauplii in the laboratory. The number of viable eggs varied temporally and spatially. The maximum number (9.2×10⁴m^-2) of viable eggs was in summer. In spring the average abundance of viable eggs was 5.6×10⁴ m^-2. The abundances of viable eggs in fall and winter were similar, respectively 2.7×10⁴ and 3.3×10⁴ m^-2, which were the lowest in the year. The numbers of viable eggs inside the stations of the Xiamen Bay were higher than those outside the stations. The viable eggs were found at all depths (0～10 cm),although not in every station. The maximin number did not necessarily occur in the uppermost centimeter of the sediments but often occurred several centimeters below the water-sediment interface. The accumulation of viable eggs in the seabed of a subtropical bay constitutes a potential source of recruitment of nauplii into the pelagic population.  相似文献   

恐龙蛋化石研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

钱迈平 《江苏地质》2006,30(3):161-171

20世纪90年代以来,随着中国和阿根廷等地大量的恐龙蛋化石(特别是包含有胚胎化石的标本)被发掘出来,恐龙蛋的研究取得了长足进展。获得的信息说明,恐龙是高度分异的庞大多样化种群,不仅它们的体形差异巨大,而且其蛋的形态、尺寸及产卵习性也有很大差别。在形态和尺寸上,有大小如鸡蛋、柚子、篮球、铁饼及橄榄球等;产卵习性上,有一次产多枚,杂乱堆积掩埋;也有一次产两枚,精心排列成圈等。  相似文献   

哈密翼龙骨骼及其蛋（胚胎）化石差异风化原因分析     

韩向娜  赵文华  陈熜  蒋顺兴  汪筱林 《地质论评》2021,67(6):67120002-67120002

翼龙骨骼及其蛋与胚胎化石对研究翼龙生殖和胚胎发育方面具有重要意义。在哈密戈壁发现的一件超过200枚翼龙蛋、胚胎和骨骼三位一体保存的哈密翼龙化石标本从极干旱强盐碱的戈壁滩搬运至相对潮湿的环境后,就会发生明显的风化破碎,表现为由外向内逐渐蚕食性风化,富含骨骼/蛋化石的区域风暴岩快速发生崩解,造成化石脱落,不含化石的区域砂岩情况稳定。针对在同一件标本上发生差异风化的现象,本文利用PLM、XRD、MIP、IC、Raman、FTIR、SEM- EDS等多种分析方法,对出现风化的围岩与稳定区域围岩进行对比研究,探寻出现不同风化表现的原因。结果表明,风化区域围岩的黏土矿物（Ca型蒙脱石为主）含量较低,孔隙较大,孔径是稳定区域围岩的7倍以上,可溶盐含量较高,是稳定区域的约36倍,可溶盐种类以极易潮解的CaCl2和Ca(NO3)2·4H2O为主,而稳定区域围岩中可溶盐主要是NaCl和Na2SO4。通过模拟风化实验说明,造成化石标本出现差异风化的原因有以下两点,一是富集翼龙骨骼和蛋（胚胎）区域的风暴岩结构不均一、孔隙较大,结构疏松,内部胶结较弱;二是该化石区域中对温湿度变化敏感的易潮解钙盐含量较高,加之化石与围岩边界不均一性极大,与稳定区域围岩的致密均匀不同,在北京四季温湿度变化下更容易迅速风化。根据风化原因对此类标本的风化治理提出一些初步建议。本研究对发掘出的干旱地区特异埋藏的化石标本的保存及保护具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

盐度对菊黄东方鲀受精卵孵化和仔鱼生长的影响     

陈林  周文玉  潘桂平 《广东海洋大学学报》2012,(4):73-77

比较在0、5、10、15、20、25、30(自然海水)、35、40、45、50等11个盐度梯度下,菊黄东方鲀(Takiugu flavidus)的受精卵发育和仔鱼生长情况,测定仔鱼的不投饵存活系数(SAI).结果表明:1)菊黄东方鲀受精卵在盐度0~50范围内均可孵化,最适盐度20~25.盐度(x)与孵化时间(y)呈正相关关系,表达式为:y=0.345 x+141.1,R2=0.956.2)实验盐度范围内,菊黄东方鲀仔鱼SAI值为1.55~30.10.3)在盐度5~45条件下,仔鱼皆可存活,存活率为3%~27%.其中,在10~30盐度下存活率较高,为20%~27%.经15 d的培育,仔鱼平均全长为6.28~7.34 mm.低盐度对菊黄东方鲀仔鱼生长更有利,在15~20盐度条件下,仔鱼生长较好,最终平均全长为7.30~7.34 mm.4)根据SAI值和生长状况,仔鱼生长和存活的适宜生长盐度为10~30,最适盐度范围为15~20.  相似文献   

Estimation of spawning habitats of market squid (Doryteuthis opalescens) from field surveys of eggs off Central and Southern California     

Louis D. Zeidberg  John L. Butler  Darlene Ramon  Anthony Cossio  Kevin L. Stierhoff  Annette Henry 《Marine Ecology》2012,33(3):326-336

Like many other loliginid squid, Doryteuthis (Loligo) opalescens deposits egg cases on the ocean floor. Depending upon temperature, egg cases may persist for 5–12 weeks before the paralarvae hatch. Because of this relatively long duration and squid’s pelagic life history, egg cases provide a practical life stage to survey. During 2001–2002, squid egg beds in Monterey Bay, Carmel Bay, and around the California Channel Islands were surveyed using a remotely operated vehicle with the goal of delineating the habitat of egg beds that are spawned during active commercial fishing. Egg cases were highly aggregated and densities reached 1338 capsules m⁻². Squid eggs were significantly shallower in Central California. Egg cases occurred between 20 and 93 m around the Channel Islands, and in Central California they were between 13 and 61 m. The temperatures in both regions were similar (10–12 °C), with some eggs in Southern California found up to 14.4 °C. Ninety-five percent of eggs were found on sand, suggesting that temperature and substrate are stronger behavioral cues than depth to stimulate spawning. Suitable spawning habitat was defined by three criteria: sandy benthic substrate, temperatures between 10 and 14.4 °C, and depths between 20 and 70 m when the first two criteria hold. Additionally, within this defined area, oxygen concentration is quantified. The greatest commercial landings of market squid occur in both Central and Southern California during a time of year when water temperatures of 10–12 °C are prevalent in the 20–70 m depth range.  相似文献   

Paleoecological implications of two closely associated egg types from the Upper Cretaceous St. Mary River Formation,Montana     

《Cretaceous Research》2017

Two closely associated egg types occur at the same locality in the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) St. Mary River Formation in north central Montana. These specimens represent the first fossil eggs described from this formation. At least fifteen small ovoid eggs or egg portions are scattered through a 25 cm interval of rock. Five significantly larger, round eggs overlie these smaller eggs and are in close proximity to one another on a single bedding plane. The best preserved egg of the smaller size measures 36 mm × 62 mm and exhibits the prismatic, two-layered eggshell structure of a theropod egg. The dispersed distribution and inconsistent angles of these small eggs likely resulted from disturbance by subsequent nesting activity and/or possibly nest predation. At least twelve additional small prismatic eggs also occur at this site. We assign the small eggs as a new oogenus and oospecies, Tetonoolithus nelsoni, within the Prismatoolithidae. The large round eggs measure 130 mm in diameter and the eggshell displays substantial diagenetic alteration. These eggs likely belonged to a hadrosaur due to their similarity in egg size, shape, and eggshell thickness to Maiasaura eggs from the stratigraphically lower Two Medicine Formation. Eggs at different stratigraphic levels at this site indicate that conditions favorable to both dinosaur species persisted for an extended period of time. However, determining whether these dinosaurs occupied the nesting site at the same or different years remains beyond the resolution of the rock record.  相似文献   

Diuron increases spinal deformity in early-life-stage pink snapper Pagrus auratus     

Marthe Monique Gagnon  Christopher Allan Rawson 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(7):1083-1085

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河南淅川盆地上白垩统恐龙蛋一新蛋种     

贾松海  方开永  高殿松  高永利  常华丽  常飞  肖乐  杨丽丽  郑亚琳  朱旭峰  王强  汪筱林 《地质学报》2020,94(10):2816-2822

河南淅川盆地的恐龙蛋发现与研究始于1974年,淅川盆地恐龙蛋具有非常高的多样性,共计发现4个蛋科、6个蛋属、6个蛋种,尤其以树枝蛋类最为丰富。近年来,河南地质博物馆对全省地质遗迹调查过程中,在淅川盆地再次有新的恐龙蛋类型的发现,本文对其中的部分标本进行记述,根据壳单元呈多分叉的不规则树枝状,蛋壳厚度为1. 62~1. 74 mm,锥体间隙明显,壳单元自锥体上部开始出现分枝,蛋壳中部大多具有3~4个分枝,近蛋壳外表面形成融合层,蛋壳具有复杂的气孔系统等特征区别于其他类型的树枝蛋类,建立一新蛋种:大石桥树枝蛋（Dendroolithus dashiqiaoensis oosp. nov. )。通过对淅川盆地恐龙蛋分类与对比、不同类型恐龙蛋在地层中的分布研究,将有助于盆地内白垩纪红层的划分,也将为秦岭东段各盆地中同一时期红层的划分与对比、古地理、古环境和古气候等研究提供更加翔实的古生物学证据。  相似文献