废弃泥浆底部真空−上部堆载预压模型试验研究     

詹良通  张斌  郭晓刚  江文豪 《岩土力学》2020,41(10):3245-3254

针对工程泥浆回填废弃矿坑处置的安全问题,开展底部真空和上部堆载预压处理废弃工程泥浆的模型试验,探讨该技术在废弃矿坑回填处置工程应用的可行性。试验结果表明,底部真空和上部堆载预压使得泥浆含水率显著降低及泥土的强度明显提高,处理一个月后,含水率从初始450%降低至95%～105%,体积减量达到73.4%;不排水强度由初始为0的状态提高至9.8～13.4 kPa。在初始的静置阶段,泥浆颗粒沉积存在重力分异现象,粗颗粒在底部沉积有助于缓解真空预压过程中淤堵问题。底部真空作用下,泥浆中孔隙水渗流方向并非完全一维向下,在径向存在水力梯度。处理后泥土压缩性与软土相近,渗透性优于软土。基于试验结果和大应变固结理论,考虑泥浆的自重固结以及压缩性与渗透性的非线性变化,利用有限差分法分析了单次回填厚度对泥浆层固结时间和减量效果的影响,提出了现场实施的工艺参数建议。  相似文献   

极端条件下心墙泥浆料的渗透反滤试验研究     

左永振  赵娜 《岩土力学》2020,41(2):520-526

高土石心墙坝的渗透稳定性在很大程度上依赖于反滤层对心墙料的反滤保护作用。心墙在大坝蓄水和长期运行的条件下,要经历复杂的填筑加载、浸水饱和与水荷载的作用,在差异沉降、复杂结构应力作用、水力劈裂和渗透水流作用下,心墙一旦出现裂缝,其渗透稳定性及反滤层的保护作用就将面临严峻的考验。针对这一问题,设计了专门非常规的抛填土料反滤试验和泥浆渗透反滤试验,模拟心墙裂缝条件下其颗粒被冲刷起动后,被反滤料阻挡和淤积过程。试验结果表明,心墙料和反滤料满足反滤准则条件下,心墙颗粒被拦截和淤积在反滤层上游表面,反滤料能有效防止心墙颗粒的流失,反滤层在极端条件下对心墙料仍能起到有效的反滤保护作用。  相似文献   

硫铝酸盐水泥去除微污染水体中磷的性能及机理     

杨蕤  刘国  黄艳采  张琪琪  徐芬  廖兵  刘静 《湖泊科学》2022,34(3):828-842

微污染湖泊、水库等水体中磷的去除已成为水质研究的主要方向.磷是造成水体富营养化的关键因素,其浓度较低时即可导致水体富营养化与水华的发生,许多除磷方法对低浓度磷的去除效果不佳.因此,我们从22种天然矿物、火山灰质材料和水硬性材料中,筛选出了能高效去除低浓度磷的硫铝酸盐水泥(代号R.SAC 42.5,简称R),该材料在中性...  相似文献   

新型抗水氯氧镁水泥防渗渠在自然环境的水化产物、相转变规律及其对强度的影响          下载免费PDF全文

石天阳  余红发  麻海燕  李颖 《盐湖研究》2021,29(3):38-46, 55

氯氧镁水泥(Magnesium oxychloride cement, MOC)具有快凝、早强、高强、防火和不腐蚀玻璃纤维等优点,非常适合于制作玻璃纤维增强薄壁制品,在农业灌溉工程中具有良好的应用前景。采用XRD和TOPAS分析了新型抗水氯氧镁水泥制成内蒙古防渗渠的物相组成,探讨了氯氧镁水泥制品在自然环境的水化产物与相转变规律、以及相组成对强度的影响。结果表明,在水分缺少的条件下,氯氧镁水泥的水化产物主要为5Mg(OH)_2·MgCl_2·8H_2O(5·1·8)和Mg(OH)_2;在水分充足的条件下,水化产物主要为Mg(OH)_2和5·1·8,碳化产物为碳化氯氧化镁Mg(OH)_2·MgCl_2·2MgCO_3·6H_2O(1·1·2·6)和水菱镁矿4MgCO_3·Mg(OH)_2·4H_2O(4·1·4)。水化产物对强度有促进作用,而碳化产物会降低强度。通过10年的工程环境考验,证明新型氯氧镁水泥制品在环境中能够保持主要强度相5·1·8的稳定性,具有良好的长期力学性能。  相似文献   

Rheological behavior of dredged slurries at high water contents     

Gui-Zhong Xu  Ying Zhang  Ruo-Bing Sun 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(3):357-364

Each year in the world, there is significant amount of dredged slurries generated during geotechnical jobs. In the slurry storage process, the rheological behavior is a key factor affecting the motion of dredged slurries. To gain better understanding on this behavior, experiments on dredged slurries with different liquid limits are conducted using rotary viscometer. It has been found that, as water content increases, slurry property can change from Bingham plastic fluids to Newtonian fluids. In log–log coordinates, their corresponding yield stress and plastic viscosity are in linear relationship with their water contents and the intersection of these two lines can be treated as the turning point which is 4.7 times the liquid limit. The yield stress and plastic viscosity of different dredged slurries can be normalized efficiently using normalized water content. So, in this paper, a new quantitative prediction method for yield stress and plastic viscosity is proposed, which is effective for use in alkined modes of motion, is proposed.  相似文献   

水泥固化锌污染土电阻率与强度特性研究     

张少华  李熠  寇晓辉  董晓强 《岩土力学》2015,36(10):2899-2906

以标准砂及普通硅酸盐水泥为试验材料,制作水泥固化锌污染土样,进行了一系列电阻率和无侧限抗压强度试验。研究了交流电频率对水泥固化锌污染土电阻率的影响、不同含量锌离子对水泥缓凝作用的影响、锌离子含量和龄期分别对水泥土电阻率和强度的影响、电阻率与无侧限抗压强度的关系。结果表明：电阻率随电流频率的增加而明显降低,尤其当频率低于50 kHz时为甚;不同含量的锌离子对水泥土的缓凝作用影响明显,随着锌离子含量的增大,水泥土强度的充分发挥所需时间逐渐增长,但在锌离子含量为500 mg/kg时,缓凝作用表现异常;电阻率和强度均随龄期的增加而增长,随锌离子的含量的增加上下波动,电阻率在锌离子含量为50 mg/kg和500 mg/kg时出现极值,强度在锌离子含量为100 mg/kg和500 mg/kg时出现极值;在各个龄期下,电阻率与强度均呈现出很好的线性关系。  相似文献   

水泥-水玻璃浆液裂隙注浆扩散的室内试验研究     

张庆松  张连震  刘人太  韩伟伟  朱明听  李相辉  郑东柱  徐咸辉 《岩土力学》2015,36(8):2159-2168

动水环境中的注浆扩散规律对指导突涌水治理注浆设计与施工具有重要意义。通过开展水泥-水玻璃（C-S）浆液单一平板裂隙动水注浆模型试验,揭示了基于试验条件下的C-S浆液裂隙动水注浆扩散过程的非对称椭圆（AE）扩散规律,提出浆水速比的概念并用其拟合AE扩散控制参数随时间的变化曲线,分析了浆水速比对浆液扩散范围的影响,最终建立了描述浆液扩散迹线的瞬态方程。研究结果表明：浆液扩散迹线可以采用随时间变化的非对称椭圆进行描述;逆水扩散距离和扩散开度与浆水速比正相关而浆液顺水扩散距离与浆水速比负相关。并据此对裂隙动水注浆设计提出了建议,希望对实际注浆工程提供一定借鉴。  相似文献   

渤钻低密度固井水泥浆降低煤层气储层伤害的实验     

王道宽  史亚运  乌效鸣  吴川 《煤田地质与勘探》2015,43(3):105-109

针对煤层气井传统的固井水泥密度较大,在固井过程中产生较大压差,影响半径较大,且滤液成分矿化度较高,持续对储层产生伤害的问题,通过对比渤海钻探所使用的低密度固井水泥浆(统称渤钻浆)和常规固井水泥浆的失水量、滤液性能和稠化时间,并通过分析其滤液成分、电导率、渗透率回复率和计算污染半径,评价了渤钻浆降低煤层气储层伤害的能力。结果表明:渤钻浆失水量比常规固井水泥浆小一半,并且滤液黏度高、矿化度低和电导率低,使渤钻浆污染的煤样渗透率降低为28.97%(常规水泥浆污染的煤样渗透率降低为65.87%),渗透率恢复率为89.81%(常规水泥浆渗透率恢复率为61.18%)。综合来看渤钻浆不仅密度低,形成压差小,保证煤层稳定,还减小污染半径,降低了对煤层气储层的伤害。   相似文献   

Diagenetic fluid evolution and water-rock interaction model of carbonate cements in sandstone: An example from the reservoir sandstone of the Fourth Member of the Xujiahe Formation of the Xiaoquan-Fenggu area,Sichuan Province,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LIU SiBing  HUANG SiJing  SHEN ZhongMin  Lü ZhengXiang  SONG RongCai 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(5):1077-1092

Carbonate cement is the most abundant cement type in the Fourth Member of the Xujiahe Formation in the Xiaoquan-Fenggu area of the West Sichuan Depression. Here we use a systematic analysis of carbonate cement petrology, mineralogy, carbon and oxygen isotope ratios and enclosure homogenization temperatures to study the precipitation mechanism, pore fluid evolution, and distribution of different types of carbonate cement in reservoir sand in the study area. Crystalline calcite has relatively heavy carbon and oxygen isotope ratios(δ13C = 2.14‰, δ18O = -5.77‰), and was precipitated early. It was precipitated directly from supersaturated alkaline fluid under normal temperature and pressure conditions. At the time of precipitation, the fluid oxygen isotope ratio was very light, mainly showing the characteristics of a mixed meteoric water-seawater fluid(δ18O = -3‰), which shows that the fluid during precipitation was influenced by both meteoric water and seawater. The calcite cement that fills in the secondary pores has relatively lighter carbon and oxygen isotope ratios(δ13C = -2.36‰, δ18O = -15.68‰). This cement was precipitated late, mainly during the Middle and Late Jurassic. An important material source for this carbonate cement was the feldspar corrosion process that involved organic matter. The Ca2+, Fe3+ and Mg2+ ions released by the clay mineral transformation process were also important source materials. Because of water-rock interactions during the burial process, the oxygen isotope ratio of the fluid significantly increased during precipitation, by about 3‰. The dolomite cements in calcarenaceous sandstone that was precipitated during the Middle Jurassic have heavier carbon and oxygen isotope ratios, which are similar to those of carbonate debris in the sandstone(δ13C = 1.93‰, δ18O = -6.11‰), demonstrating that the two are from the same source that had a heavier oxygen isotope ratio(δ18O of about 2.2‰). The differences in fluid oxygen isotope ratios during cement precipitation reflect the influences of different water-rock interaction systems or different water-rock interaction strengths. This is the main reason why the sandstone containing many rigid particles(lithic quartz sandstone) has a relatively negative carbon isotope ratio and why the precipitation fluid in calcarenaceous sandstone has a relatively heavier oxygen isotope ratio.  相似文献   

考虑泥浆套不同形态的顶管管壁摩阻力计算公式   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王双  夏才初  葛金科 《岩土力学》2014,35(1):159-166

大直径、长距离顶管施工常通过注浆形成泥浆套来减小阻力,泥浆套的形态及其完整性对管壁摩阻力大小有决定性作用,现有摩阻力计算公式一般未考虑不同泥浆套形态对摩阻力的影响,计算结果与实际情况相差较大。根据不同施工状况对顶管外壁泥浆套的可能形态进行了分类及成因分析,提出了判断3种常见泥浆套形态的方法。利用半无限弹性体中柱形圆孔扩张理论探讨了注浆压力对泥浆套厚度的影响,结合非线性流体力学计算泥浆与管壁接触产生的摩阻力,最终采用挖掘面稳定假设,针对3种泥浆套形态提出了摩阻力计算公式。采用该方法对工程案例进行计算,计算结果与实测数据对比表明：现有摩阻力计算公式的计算结果过于保守,所提出的计算公式是合理和有效的。  相似文献