Combining LPJ-GUESS and HASM to simulate the spatial distribution of forest vegetation carbon stock in China简   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

ZHAO Mingwei  YUE Tianxiang  ZHAO Na  SUN Xiaofang  ZHANG Xingying 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,24(2):249-268

It is very important in accurately estimating the forests＇ carbon stock and spatial distribution in the regional scale because they possess a great rate in the carbon stock of the terrestrial ecosystem. Yet the current estimation of forest carbon stock in the regional scale mainly depends on the forest inventory data, and the whole process consumes too much labor, money and time. And meanwhile it has many negative influences on the forest carbon storage updating. In order to figure out these problems, this paper, based on High Accuracy Surface Modeling （HASM）, proposes a forest vegetation carbon storage simulation method. This new method employs the output of LPJ-GUESS model as initial values of HASM and uses the inventory data as sample points of HASM to simulate the distribution of forest carbon storage in China. This study also adopts the seventh forest resources statistics of China as the data source to generate sample points, and it also works as the simulation accuracy test. The HASM simulation shows that the total forest carbon storage of China is 9.2405 Pg, while the calculated value based on forest resources statistics are 7.8115 Pg. The forest resources statistics is taken based on a forest canopy closure, and the result of HASM is much more suitable to the real forest carbon storage. The simulation result also indicates that the southwestern mountain region and the northeastern forests are the important forest carbon reservoirs in China, and they account for 39.82% and 20.46% of the country＇s total forest vegetation carbon stock respectively. Compared with the former value （1975-1995）, it mani- fests that the carbon storage of the two regions do increase clearly. The results of this re- search show that the large-scale reforestation in the last decades in China attains a signifi- cant carbon sink.  相似文献   

射气-闪烁法测定地下热水的镭-226和氡-222浓度     

李婷  周训  龙汨  王晓翠  陈婷  李婧玮  杨苗林 《地球科学与环境学报》2014,(4)

地下热水中放射性浓度较高的226 Ra和222 Rn对于研究地下热水的形成和循环具有重要的意义。阐明了实验室测定地下热水226 Ra和222 Rn放射性浓度的射气-闪烁法的仪器组成、测试原理、测试步骤、水样前处理和结果换算,讨论了在测试过程中各仪器和试验方法所需参数的选取及确定的具体操作。结果表明:在本试验中,所用放射性测试仪器FD-125型氡钍分析仪的最佳阈电压为2V,对应的最佳工作高压为450 V;所采用的3个闪烁室的校正因子分别为0.005 428、0.005 567和0.005 060;进行前处理提取水样226 Ra时,pH值应控制在2.5~3.0之间,可确保方法回收率最大。  相似文献   

Sensitivity and sample shape related measuring effects on the MOLSPIN susceptibility anisotropy meter     

M. W. Hounslow  M. Noel  P. A. Bootes 《Geophysical Journal International》1988,94(2):355-363

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砂卵石层大口径空气潜孔锤钻进与取样技术     

楼日新  李子章苏宁 《地质与勘探》2003,39(2):91-94

软基建坝必须对软基的结构、分层、物理力学性质、渗透性作全面分折研究。其中的砂卵石层取样,应力求保持样品不受扰动。常规法采用试坑、浅(竖)井取样,取样效果虽好,但受深度的限制。国外采用冻结法、化学灌浆法、钢板桩法钻取水下原状样,但耗资巨大,难以实施。研制一种新的钻进方法来提高砂卵石层取样的原状性是非常必要的。  相似文献   

Performance of wuxi WWTP in china     

WANG Lin  WANG Li  JIANG YifengOcean University of China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2003,2(2):224-229

In Wuxi Wastewater Treatment Plant, the Anaerobic, anoxic and oxic (A2/O) process was employed to remove the nitrogen and phosphorus, which exhibited the positive results of the high removal efficiency for phosphorus with a range of 67.7% to 89.9% and an average value of 78.0. The effluent of phosphorus met the national discharge standard. The removal of TN was effected by both BOD variation of influent and wastewater temperature. TN removal was in the range of 28.5% to 55.8% with an average value of 39.4%. The energy cost was 0.15 kWh(m3d)-1 or 1.35 kWh(kgBOD·d)-1. The annual average sludge production was 46.3 m3d-1, the annual average dosage for the dewatering was 40 kgd-1.  相似文献   

Tephrological implications of beam size—sample‐size effects in electron microprobe analysis of glass shards     

John B. Hunt  Peter G. Hill 《第四纪科学杂志》2001,16(2):105-117

This paper concerns the potential consequences of varying procedures for the determination of tephra geochemistry by electron microprobe. Application of electron probe microanalysis to tephrostratigraphical methods has increasingly facilitated the resolution and refinement of Quaternary chronology associated with records of proxy‐environmental or proxy‐climatic change. The geographical range over which tephras are recovered has expanded significantly with the identification and analysis of crypto (or hidden) tephras in areas far removed from tephra sources. These tephras are dominated by glass shards, which, in many distal environments, may be either small in size (μm) or may be highly pumiceous with low glass:void ratios and thin (<10 μm) shard walls. We demonstrate that reducing the size of the electron beam used to analyse shard geochemistry cannot be used reliably to permit analysis of thin glass walls. This approach distorts the geochemical data, creating analytical differences that may generate inappropriate tephrogeochemical fingerprints. Additional distortion of the geochemical fingerprint in the form of hybrid analyses may be encountered in glass fragments containing micron‐sized crystalline phases such as feldspar. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

火焰原子吸收法测定植物样品中微量铜     

邵文军  张明仁 《国土资源》1993,(2)

植物样品在500℃灰化,用硝酸、氢氟酸和高氯酸分解,然后在2％的盐酸介质中,用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定植物样品中的微量铜。该方法简单、快速、准确。方法的检出限为0.55×10~(-6),回收率97％—102％。对含量为5.14×10~(-6),9.43×10~(-6)和17.63×10~(-6)的三个植物样品进行分析,其相对标准偏差分别是4.62％、4.22％和2.00％。  相似文献   

VARIATIONS OF THE SUSPENDED MATTER AND THE PARTICULATE ORGANIC CARBON IN THE ENTRY OF THE GIRONDE ESTUARY, FRANCE     

林荣根  EtcheberHenri 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1994,(1)

The effects of using different types of glass fiber filters (GF/F, GF/C) and of sample treatments evaluated. Studies on the variation of suspended matter (SM) and particulate organic carbon (POC) showed that: 1) the transversal and day to night variations are important and must be taken into account in order to get a corrcet river flux; 2) no regular seasonal variations of SM and POC observed, as they are controlled essentially by the climatological, hydrologic, physiochernical, biological, and geological conditions of the drainage area.  相似文献   

浙江省化石观赏石的开发探讨     

金奎喜 《浙江国土资源》1995,(2)

本文对浙江省化石观赏石的主要类型、时空分布等情况作了简要叙述，并结合国际上化石观赏石的收藏和贸易情况，就浙江省的开发问题提出了一些看法。浙江省的恐龙蛋、鱼、螺、贝、虾及笔石等化石具有地方特色，且有一定的数量。这些化石在西方颇受欢迎，有较多的经营者和收藏者。  相似文献   

Spectral pattern recognition in under-sampled functions     

Robert F. Shurtz 《Mathematical Geology》1988,20(6):731-751

Fourier optics and an optical bench model are used to construct an ensemble of candidate functions representing variational patterns in an undersampled two dimensional functiong(x,y). The known sample functions(x,y) is the product ofg(x,y) and a set of unit impulses on the sample point patternp(x,y) which, from the optical point of view, is an aperture imposing strict mathematical limits on what the sample can tell aboutg(x,y). The laws of optics enforce much needed—and often lacking—conceptual discipline in reconstructing candidate variational patterns ing(x,y). The Fourier transform (FT) ofs(x,y) is the convolution of the FT's ofg(x,y) andp(x,y). If the convolution shows aliasing or confounding of frequencies undersampling is surely present and all reconstructions are indeterminate. Then information from outsides(x,y) is required and it is easily expressed in frequency terms so that the principles of optical filtering and image reconstruction can be applied. In the application described and pictured the FT ofs(x,y) was filtered to eliminate unlikely or uninteresting high frequency amplitude maxima. A menu of the 100 strongest remaining terms was taken as indicating the principle variational patterns ing(x,y). Subsets of 10 terms from the menu were chosen using stepwise regression. By so restricting the subset size both the variance and the span of their inverse transforms were made consistent with those of the data. The amplitudes of the patterns being overdetermined, it was possible to estimate the phases also. The inverse transforms of 9 patterns so selected are regarded as ensembles of reconstructions, that is as stochastic process models, from which estimates of the mean and other moments can be calculated.This paper was presented at Emerging Concepts, MGUS-87 Conference, Redwood City, California, 13–15 April 1987.  相似文献