陆域天然气水合物取样关键因素探讨          下载免费PDF全文

姚彤宝  李生红  周兢 《探矿工程》2011,38(1):18-21

温度和压力是保持天然气水合物不分解的2个重要参数。依据热物理力学理论和理想气体特性,通过计算机模拟0℃以上甲烷水合物和二氧化碳水合物在不同温度-压力条件下的分解,得到甲烷水合物分解P-T平衡相图,探讨了钻探获取陆域天然气水合物取样温压关系。  相似文献   

三层管压卡取样钻具在岱海取样工程中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

肖丽辉  李国萍  郭再峰  刘宝林  李国民 《探矿工程》2011,38(10):40-42

当前环境问题受到人们越来越多的重视,而必不可缺的取样工程则成为环境科学研究领域中的关键。要想获得理想的环境取样效果,必须克服松散地层存在的堵心、丢心、样品被冲刷、孔壁坍塌等现象的发生。隔水式三层管压卡取样钻具主要是针对松散软地层取样而设计的。经岱海湖泊取样实践证明,取样器性能可靠,达到了预期目的,能够满足环境科学钻探100%取心率的要求。  相似文献   

Happiness is greater in natural environments   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

George MacKerron  Susana Mourato 《Global Environmental Change》2013,23(5):992-1000

Links between wellbeing and environmental factors are of growing interest in psychology, health, conservation, economics, and more widely. There is limited evidence that green or natural environments are positive for physical and mental health and wellbeing. We present a new and unique primary research study exploring the relationship between momentary subjective wellbeing (SWB) and individuals’ immediate environment within the UK. We developed and applied an innovative data collection tool: a smartphone app that signals participants at random moments, presenting a brief questionnaire while using satellite positioning (GPS) to determine geographical coordinates. We used this to collect over one million responses from more than 20,000 participants. Associating GPS response locations with objective spatial data, we estimate a model relating land cover to SWB using only the within-individual variation, while controlling for weather, daylight, activity, companionship, location type, time, day, and any response trend. On average, study participants are significantly and substantially happier outdoors in all green or natural habitat types than they are in urban environments. These findings are robust to a number of alternative models and model specifications. This study provides a new line of evidence on links between nature and wellbeing, strengthening existing evidence of a positive relationship between SWB and exposure to green or natural environments in daily life. Our results have informed the UK National Ecosystem Assessment (NEA), and the novel geo-located experience sampling methodology we describe has great potential to provide new insights in a range of areas of interest to policymakers.  相似文献   

国家基本气象站无人值守方案及装备保障方法初探          下载免费PDF全文

杨良富  王伟平 《气象与减灾研究》2023,46(4):319-323

从观测设备、供电系统和通信传输三个方面阐述了贵溪国家基本气象站智能台站的升级改造方案,当主站采集器的部分要素缺失时,通过业务自动值守平台自动补调备份站的观测数据,然后将完整的观测数据传送至主站电脑ISOS软件,该方案实现了主、备双套站观测数据的自动切换上传功能,提高了观测数据传输的质量和稳定性。文中还简要介绍了常见故障及处理方法,为国家级地面观测无人值守台站的稳定运行提供参考。  相似文献   

地理国情普查外业调绘核查系统设计与实现     

汪铁华 《东北测绘》2014,(6):157-158,161

外业调查与核查是地理国情普查重要任务之一。本文结合地理国情外业调绘工作,介绍了在移动设备中构建地理国情普查外业调绘核查系统的设计与实现,该系统可在外业调绘工作中发挥较大作用,提高外业调绘的工作效率,保证调绘数据的质量。  相似文献   

信息化条件下大地测量装备的科学管理研究     

刘智超  张则宇  庞飞 《测绘信息与工程》2014,(1):10-12,16

大地测量装备是完成测绘任务的主要装备,装备作业地域广、流动性大、管理和使用人员更替频繁,装备管理具有一定的难度,本文结合大地测量装备的特点,对大地测量装备的应用特点和管理现状进行分析讨论,提出了信息化条件下大地测量装备科学管理的方法和建议。  相似文献   

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谢恺  柴洪洲  王敏 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(1):139-143

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祁连山永久冻土带天然气水合物钻探工艺与应用   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张永勤  祝有海 《地质通报》2011,30(12):1904-1909

大量的研究和钻探取样证明,不仅海洋深处存在着天然气水合物,陆地永久冻土带也存在天然气水合物。从目前的地质探测技术发展现状看,确定冻土层水合物的储藏深度、含量等物理化学特性还必须靠取样钻探技术。论述了全球陆地永久冻土带天然气水合物的钻探现状,介绍了陆地永久冻土带天然气水合物取心钻具的结构设计、试制过程和在海拔4200m的青海祁连山地区进行永久冻土带天然气水合物钻探技术研究过程中取得的成果。  相似文献   

Mangrove litter fall: Extrapolation from traps to a large tropical macrotidal harbour     

Kristin N. Metcalfe  Donald C. Franklin  Keith A. McGuinness 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

Mangrove litter is a major source of organic matter for detrital food chains in many tropical coastal ecosystems, but scant attention has been paid to the substantial challenges in sampling and extrapolation of rates of litter fall. The challenges arise due to within-stand heterogeneity including incomplete canopy cover, and canopy that is below the high tide mark. We sampled litter monthly for three years at 35 sites across eight mapped communities in the macrotidal Darwin Harbour, northern Australia. Totals were adjusted for mean community canopy cover and the occurrence of canopy below the high tide mark. The mangroves of Darwin Harbour generate an estimated average of 5.0 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ of litter. This amount would have been overestimated by 32% had we not corrected for limited canopy cover and underestimated by 11% had we not corrected for foliage that is below the high tide mark. Had we made neither correction, we would have overestimated litter fall by 17%. Among communities, rates varied 2.6-fold per unit area of canopy, and 3.9-fold among unit area of community. Seaward fringe mangroves were the most productive per unit of canopy area but the canopy was relatively open; Tidal creek forest was the most productive per unit area of community. Litter fall varied 1.1-fold among years and 2.0-fold among months though communities exhibited a range of seasonalities. Our study may be the most extensively stratified and sampled evaluation of mangrove litter fall in a tropical estuary. We believe our study is also the first such assessment to explicitly deal with canopy discontinuities and demonstrates that failure to do so can result in considerable overestimation of mangrove productivity.  相似文献   

U形管采样技术研究     

潘德元  李小杰  郑继天  叶成明 《探矿工程》2014,41(5):50-52，65

深部流体样品是深井工程的重要组成部分,介绍了获取深部流体样品的一种方法---U形管采样技术。通过对U形管采样技术原理进行研究分析,设计研制U形管取样器具并进行野外试验,取样深度达到井深500 m,最大流量达到40 L/h,取得了较好的效果。  相似文献