Meta‐analysis of flow modeling performances—to build a matching system between catchment complexity and model types          下载免费PDF全文

Lu Zhuo  Qiang Dai  Dawei Han 《水文研究》2015,29(11):2463-2477

Hydrological models play a significant role in modelling river flow for decision making support in water resource management. In the past decades, many researchers have made a great deal of efforts in calibrating and validating various models, with each study being focused on one or two models. As a result, there is a lack of comparative analysis on the performance of those models to guide hydrologists to choose appropriate models for the individual climate and physical conditions. This paper describes a two‐level meta‐analysis to develop a matching system between catchment complexity (based on catchment significant features (CSFs)) and model types. The intention is to use the available CSF information for choosing the most suitable model type for a given catchment. In this study, the CSFs include the elements of climate, soil type, land cover and catchment scale. Specific choices of model types in small and medium catchments are further explored with all CSF information obtained. In particular, it is interesting to find that semi‐distributed models are the most suitable model type for catchments with the area over 3000 km², regardless of other CSFs. The potential methodology for expanding the matching system between catchment complexity and model complexity is discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A classification approach to reconstruct local daily drying dynamics at headwater streams     

Aurlien Beaufort  Julie Carreau  Eric Sauquet 《水文研究》2019,33(13):1896-1912

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基于多特征CRF的无人机影像松材线虫病监测方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘金沧  王成波  常原飞 《测绘通报》2019,(7):78-82

利用无人机遥感技术进行林业调查，可以获取低成本、高分辨率、高时间密度的遥感数据，特别是为小尺度范围的森林病虫害监测提供了非常有效的监测手段。本文以小型无人机为影像获取平台，航摄获取可见光RGB影像，基于高分辨率影像进行松材线虫病松树提取方法研究。根据影像特点，提取影像中地物颜色、纹理特征，并采用CRF方法进行分类，识别出病害松树。通过比较多种分类方法的提取结果，验证了基于多特征CRF方法在松材线虫病监测中的可行性和有效性。  相似文献   

Developing best practice for using Marxan to locate Marine Protected Areas in European waters     

Smith  Robert J.; Eastwood  Paul D.; Ota  Yoshitaka; Rogers  Stuart I. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2009,66(1):188-194

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中国珍珠产业技术创新研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

张莉  李世敏 《海洋科学》2008,32(4):19-23

运用熊彼特创新理论,采用对比分析的方法,研究分析了中国珍珠产业目前存在的"高产低值"困境.分析结果得出的结论是:要使中国珍珠产业走出困境,必须进行技术创新的发展战略.即采用国家扶持并创建良好的技术创新环境,制定技术创新的配套政策,健全珍珠产业技术创新市场机制,强化中介服务功能,引进和消化国外先进珍珠养殖和深加工技术等策略.  相似文献   

Nassarius corniculus (Olivi, 1792) (Caenogastropoda: Nassariidae): a model of environmental complexity of Italian brackish and marine habitats     

Maria Alessandra Iannotta  Francesco Toscano  & Francesco Paolo Patti 《Marine Ecology》2009,30(1):106-115

Strong environmental selection may give rise to complex species and/or camouflage the presence of sibling species in brackish waters. The prosobranch gastropod Nassarius corniculus (Olivi, 1792) is a common scavenger widely distributed in Mediterranean brackish and marine areas. We examined the morphological and molecular features of N. corniculus populations and related these features to the environmental complexity of brackish habitats. Morphological data revealed differences in radular features between specimens collected from two Mediterranean lagoons (Lake Faro, Messina, Sicily and Lake Fusaro, Gulf of Gaeta). Analysis of with the mitochondrial marker mt 16S rRNA revealed genetic variability within the Lake Faro population but did not show the different geographic structure between the two lagoons indicated by morphological data. We also predicted the gene flow of N. corniculus by comparing populations of two marine areas (Faro Sea and Ischia).  相似文献   

A freshwater species wintering in a brackish environment: Habitat selection and diet of Slavonian grebes in the southern Baltic Sea     

Nicole Sonntag  Stefan GartheSven Adler 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

After the breeding season, Slavonian grebes (Podiceps auritus) leave their freshwater breeding habitats and migrate to wintering grounds in marine or brackish waters. The most important wintering area in northwestern Europe is located in the southern Baltic Sea, with the largest concentrations in the offshore area of the Pommeranian Bight. Analysis of ship-based surveys revealed that the habitat selection of Slavonian grebes in this brackish area is significantly influenced by water depth and bottom sediment type. The grebes prefer shallow waters of 4–14 m depth and occur only over sandy sediments. While the diving depths of endothermic animals is limited due to energetic constraints and thermoregulation, sediment type is regarded to be a proxy for food choice. The diet of Slavonian grebes in the Pomeranian Bight consists mainly of demersal gobies (Gobiidae) that frequently occur over sandy bottom substrates.  相似文献   

川气东送管道工程沿线地质灾害及防治对策分析     

方浩 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2012,23(3):46-50

川气东送管道工程是国家跨区域重大天然气管网工程,路线全长1559km。管道沿线地质环境条件复杂,地质灾害异常发育。笔者在对沿线地质灾害调查的基础上,开展了地质灾害危险性评估,并提出了具体的对策建议,主要取得了以下认识：1）川气东送管道沿线地貌类型众多、活动构造复杂、岩土体工程地质条件及水文地质条件差异较大,人类工程活动强烈,地质灾害异常发育。2）研究区突发性地质灾害与缓变性地质灾害并存,共发育隐患点260处,其中崩塌88处、潜在不稳定斜坡74处、滑坡52处、地面沉降36处、泥石流10处。3）地质灾害危险性大的地质灾害点共16处,危险性中等的9处,其余为危险性较小的地质灾害隐患点。4）提出了各类地质灾害点的防治对策建议,为管道工程沿线地质环境安全提供了基础地质依据。  相似文献   

地基沉降计算中关键参数的选用     

王慧  李静坡 《地质灾害与环境保护》2012,23(3):99-103

为提高地基沉降变形计算的精度,在分析土体变形参数的基础上,分析沉降计算参数的误用情况,提出孔隙比和压缩模量关键参数的正确选用方法,并以工程实例予以说明.  相似文献   

四川卡拉水电站坝址方案优选研究     

李红英  谭跃虎  李二兵 《地质与勘探》2012,48(5):1023-1028

针对卡拉水电站坝址比选问题,本文基于滑坡风险评价和模糊多属性决策两个方面,分别对坝址比选进行了分析和评价。在滑坡危险性分析、易损性分析和破坏性评价的基础上,通过对滑坡体造成的破坏损失评价,得出基于风险评价的坝址比选结果。同时因坝址方案比选影响因素繁多,建立了坝址方案指标评价体系,对指标进行量化,采用两两比较赋权法确定指标权重,基于模糊多属性决策进行分析得出判断结果。两种方法的比选结果均表明在三个坝址方案中以上坝址方案为最优。  相似文献