High-Frequency Sequence Stratigraphy Using Syntactic Methods and Clustering Applied to the Upper Limestone Coal Group (Pendleian, E1) of the Kincardine Basin, United Kingdom     

Taizhong Duan  Cedric M. Griffiths  Sverre O. Johnsen 《Mathematical Geology》2001,33(7):825-844

We define a distance between sedimentary successions to compare their dissimilarity formally. Distance definition is based on attributed syntactic representation. One-dimensional successions can be represented by a string of lithofacies symbols sequentially or vertically. Each symbol can also have a vector of attributes that can provide other information on lithofacies such as thickness. The distance of any two successions is then defined consisting of its syntactic and attribute subdistances. Syntactic distance measures difference of vertical lithofacies change between two successions and attribute distance measures difference of thickness of corresponding lithofacies. Clustering is used to test validity of distance definition and its potential application to analysis of cycle-dominated sedimentary successions. Example is from the Namurian-A succession in Kincardine basin, central Scotland. There are 56 cycles in intervals of about 300 m each in two boreholes. Recognition of intermediate cycles depends on correctly determining of types of these short cycles and their vertical stacking pattern. Intermediate cycles have better potential in high-resolution stratal correlation regionally. Syntactic clustering results show that 56 short cycles can be classified into four groups with distinctive geological interpretation, which further helps reveal hierarchical cyclic architecture of the whole succession.  相似文献   

Cenomanian–Turonian carbonate platform deposits in west central Jordan     

Frauke Schulze  Zeev Lewy  Jochen Kuss  Ahmed Gharaibeh 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2003,92(4):641-660

We studied upper Albian to Turonian shallow-marine shelf deposits (Ajlun Group) of west central Jordan along a NNE-SSW running transect. The carbonate-dominated succession includes few siliciclastic intercalations, claystones and shales, and can be subdivided into five formations. The Naur, Fuheis and Hummar Formations of upper Albian to upper Cenomanian age represent shallow subtidal to supratidal platform environments. The uppermost Cenomanian to middle Turonian Shueib Formation includes deeper water deposits of the inner/mid-shelf and locally TOC-rich black shales. Shallow-marine platform environments once again dominate the Wadi As Sir Formation (middle-upper Turonian). A new multibiostratigraphic framework is based on ammonites (mainly of the middle Cenomanian rhotomagense Zone to the middle Turonian woollgari Zone) and calcareous nannofossils (biozones CC 9–CC 11), supplemented by benthic and planktonic foraminifers and ostracods. It forms the base of a sequence stratigraphic subdivision, containing eight sedimentary sequences (S1–S8), which are separated by four Cenomanian sequence boundaries (CeJo1–CeJo4) and three Turonian sequence boundaries (TuJo1–TuJo3). This scheme allows the correlation of the platform succession from distal to proximal shelf areas in contrast to previous correlations using lithologic units. Furthermore, comparisons between the platform successions and sequence patterns of west central Jordan and those from neighbouring areas allow to differentiate local, regional, and global controlling factors of platform development within the study area.  相似文献   

Determination of Dominant Pathways in Chemical Reaction Systems: An Algorithm and Its Application to Stratospheric Chemistry     

Ralph Lehmann 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2002,41(3):297-314

The analysis of complex chemical reaction systems is frequently complicatedbecause of the coexistence of fast cyclic reaction sequences and slower pathways that yield a net production or destruction of a certain species of interest.An algorithm for the determination of both these types of reaction sequences (in a given reaction system) is presented. Under the assumption that reaction rates are known, it finds the mostimportant pathways by solving a linear optimization problem for each of them.This algorithm may be used as a tool for the interpretation of chemical model runs.For illustration, it is applied to examples in stratospheric chemistry, including the determination of catalytic ozone destruction cycles.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地K₂-E旋回层序与海平面变化   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6  

薛莲花  肖立新 《沉积学报》1998,16(3):66-71

塔里木盆地西南缘K₂-E海相含碳酸盐岩地层中可识别出七种类型的高频旋回层序,主要有潮下缓坡型、台地型、台地边缘型碳酸盐旋回层序及以碎屑岩为主的潮间－潮上型旋回层序。平面上,不同类型高频旋回层序成为特定古地理背景下台地碳酸盐沉积体系、滨岸沉积体系和冲积沉积体系沉积层序的代表。纵向上,各类高频旋回层序的有序叠加,其类型的变化反映了沉积环境、沉积相的演变过程。研究结果表明,研究区各类高频旋回层序下部单元至上部单元微相的转变是受高频率海平面变化的影响,低频率海平面升降控制了高频旋回层序的叠加形式,造成沉积环境由下至上滨岸→碳酸盐台地→滨岸→河流的变化。正是由于不同周期海平面变化旋回的叠加形成了塔里木盆地西南缘K₂-E的复合海平面变化旋回层序。  相似文献   

地震序列类型,地震序列b值与地震大形势关系初探   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

焦远碧 《地震》1998,18(1):33-40

根据最大地震与次大地震震级差将地震序列划分为孤立型,主余型,双震型和多震型４种。通过我国大陆１４３个序列划分结果,孤立型占１４％,主余型占５９％,双震型占１３％,多震型占１４％,地震序列ｂ值与主震震级和序列类型有关,在类型要同的情况下主震震级越大序列ｂ值越高,在主震震级相近的序列中孤立型序列ｂ值最小,主余型和双震型居中且差别不大,多震型ｂ值在７级和６级地震序列中最大的,根据实验结果探讨了序列ｂ值变  相似文献   

中国震积岩的研究与展望   总被引：37，自引：8，他引：29  

乔秀夫 《地质论评》1996,42(4):317-320

震积岩是灾变事件岩。本文介绍了中国近10年来震积岩与震积岩序列研究现状,并简述地震-海啸序列、碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列、震积岩与震积不整合序列、萨布哈震积岩序列等内容。对震积岩研究意义及我国研究展望进行了评述。  相似文献   

粤东后江湾海进海岸沉积特征和地貌发育     

罗宪林 《热带海洋学报》1995,(4)

依据地质钻探和海滩观测资料，分析了后江湾海岸在海进作用下，海岸形成海进地层层序。滨面遭受侵蚀并正在后退和变陡。晚更新统陆相杂色粘土层和砾砂层直接暴露于海底。在海域供沙不足的情况下，整个海湾的海滩被侵蚀后退，而海滩各岸段侵蚀程度存在差异。  相似文献   

中更新世以来长江口至冲绳海槽高分辨率地震地层学研究   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16  

吴自银  金翔龙  李家彪 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2002,22(2):9-20

运用地震地层学方法，对1996年中法合作自长江口至冲强海槽获取的5600km高分辨率电火花单道地震及部分多道地震资料进行全面判读研究，并与位于陆架中部的DZQ4井岩性分析资料进行对比，划分出东海陆架研究区自中更新世以来3类共11个地震层组，对每个地震层组的顶=底边界，内部主要地震相特征进行了详细描述，对各地震层组主要沉积相和沉积环境进行了合理推测，并与氧同位素期和全球冰期进行对比，对研究区主要地震相进行了归纳，划分出4大类共13个亚类的地震相，不同地震相类型再现了不同地震时期的沉积环境，并对研究区4期潮流沙脊，多处典型夏天河道和两处海底峡谷特征进行了描述。  相似文献   

Measurements of short water waves using stereo matched image sequences     

Alvise Benetazzo   《Coastal Engineering》2006,53(12):1013-1032

Image analysis techniques are used for retrieving water surface elevation fields spatially and temporally from CCD-images and CCD-image-sequences. The technique proposed herein utilizes binocular stereogrammetry to recover topographic information from a sequence of synchronous, overlapping video images. The method used differs from the traditional stereo-photogrammetric analysis of a single stereo-pair because the use of video allows for a continuous sequence of stereo-images to be digitally sampled and analyzed. For data acquisition two synchronized progressive-scan cameras were used.A partially supervised 3-D stereo system (called WASS, Wave Acquisition Stereo System) is shown here. It is used to reconstruct the 3-D shape of water surface waves, acquired at frame rate, with small computational time needed. The stereo method is presented, including the derivation of a relationship relating the geometry of the stereo rig and the expected errors. Finally, the 3-D calculated scattered points give the complete spatio-temporal distribution of the water surface elevations. The measurable length-scales depend on the pixel resolution, the triangulation accuracy, and the acquisition frame rate. Limitations in the stereo measurements are also discussed.Two experiments to test and to demonstrate the system took place: one on the Venice lagoon, north of the city of Venice in September 2004 and the second on the coast of California at San Diego in December 2005. For the second experiment, qualitative and quantitative intercomparisons of the stereo-matching and in-situ sensor measurements are presented. All the measurements of water surface waves indicate that the proposed approach is both accurate and applicable for measuring water surface waves. Moreover, shape estimates are accurately and extremely dense both in space and time, and the remote location of the instruments alleviates some difficulties associated with in situ instrumentation.  相似文献   

南海北部陆坡西沙海域沉积发育史及含油气远景初步探讨     

梁修权  张莉 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1995,15(1):91-105

在对南中国海西沙海域地震资料综合对比分析的基础上，本文描述了西沙海域的地震反射特征，并依据地震地层学原理，利用地震反射波的振幅、连续性、内部结构和外部形态等地震反射参数特征，将该区域地层自上而上划分为Ａ．Ｂ．Ｃ．Ｄ四个地震层序：层序Ａ代表从海底到Ｔ＾１１反射界面的地层；层序Ｂ代表从Ｔ＾１１反射界面到Ｔ２反界面的地层；层序Ｃ代表从Ｔ２反界面到５３反射界面的地层；层序Ｄ代表从Ｔ３反射层界面到Ｔｇ反射界  相似文献