Interactions climat-eustatisme-tectonique. Les enseignements et perspectives du Crétacé supérieur (Cénomanien-Coniacien)     

Fabrice Malartre  Serge Ferry  Jean-Loup Rubino 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(6):253-270

Résumé

Une analyse de séries sédimentaires d’âge Crétacé supérieur dans le Sud-Est de la France a été entreprise et intégrée dans un cadre de stratigraphie séquentielle. Les limites Cénomanien–Turonien et la limite Turonien–Coniacien sont marquées par des variations rapides et de fortes amplitudes du niveau marin relatif. La comparaison effectuée avec d’autres bassins mondiaux nous amène à envisager le problème dans un cadre global. On constate : (1) le synchronisme d’événements à haute fréquence dans des contextes géodynamiques différents. (2) les effets de la superposition de cycles eustatiques hiérarchiquement différents, c’est-à-dire la superposition d’oscillations à haute fréquence sur une composante de 3^e ordre. Ces observations sont confrontées à deux hypothèses : le glacio-eustatisme et la tectonique à haute fréquence. © Elsevier, Paris.  相似文献   

Sedimentary record of Late Paleozoic rift and break-up in Northern Gondwana: a case history from the Thini Chu Group and Tamba-Kurkur Formation (Dolpo Tethys Himalaya,Nepal)     

Dario Sciunnach  Eduardo Garzanti 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(1):41-56

The Gottero unit of the Northern Apennines, Italy, is representative of the sedimentary cover of the Ligure-Piemontese oceanic lithosphere. This unit consists of a thick sedimentary sequence that includes Valanginian-Santonian pelagic deposits and Campanian-early Paleocene turbiditic deposits. The latter are overlain by early Paleocene trench deposits related to frontal tectonic erosion of the accretionary wedge slope. This sequence is interpreted as recording trenchward motion of the oceanic lithosphere.

The Gottero unit records a pre-Late Oligocene, complex deformation history related to subduction and accretion events. This deformation history has developed through underthrusting (D1a), underplating (D1b and D1c) and later exhumation (D2a and D2b) episodes. The folding phase related to the main underplating sub-phase (D1b) is predated by a sub-phase (D1a) connected to rapid fluid escape and followed by a sub-phase dominated by the development of shear zones (D1c). The D1b sub-phase is characterized by similar folds and a slaty cleavage developed under P/T conditions of 0.4GPa/210°-270 °C. The D1c sub-phase, characterized by west-verging thrusts, is particularly signficative in understanding the dynamics of the Ligure-Piemontese accretionary wedge because it testifies active shortening of the Gottero unit also after its transfer to the prism. In addition, sub-phase D1c represents the transition from the sub-phases connected to accretion and the tectonics dominated by extension, characterized by parallel folds and low-to high-angle normal faults. The gravity driven extension is represented by the D2a and D2b sub-phases and can be interpreted as the result of the thicknening of the Ligure-Piemontese accretionary wedge, produced by continuous underplating at its base but also by shortening of the previously underplated units. These final tectonic events resulted in the exhumation of the Gottero unit to the surface during the Early Oligocene, when this Unit became one of the source areas of the conglomerates deposited in the Tertiary Piedmont basin.

This deformation history suggests the occurrence of a complex sequence of deformations during the transition from accretion to exhumation, even in the intermediate levels of the accretionary wedge.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组层序地层格架内沉积相特征与演化^*          下载免费PDF全文

陈飞  胡光义  孙立春  樊太亮  高志前  于喜通  庞正炼  李让彬 《古地理学报》2012,14(3):321-330

应用高分辨率层序地层学和沉积学的原理与方法,综合岩心、钻井以及测井和地震资料,对鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组进行了深入的研究,识别出5个层序界面,划分出4个三级层序和11个四级层序,建立了鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组层序地层格架。在研究区识别出曲流河三角洲、辫状河三角洲、深水重力流和湖泊4种沉积相。分析了层序格架内沉积相时空展布特征,揭示了层序格架内沉积相的时空演化规律,归纳了层序格架内砂体发育与展布的特点。讨论了层序界线划分与以往地层界的区别及其实际意义,探讨了重力流沉积对鄂尔多斯盆地油气勘探的重大意义。  相似文献   

渤海湾西岸晚第四纪海相地层划分及地质意义   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

陈永胜  王宏  裴艳东  田立柱  李建芬  商志文 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2012,42(3):747-759

BT113孔和BT114孔是位于渤海湾西岸地区的2个80 m全取心钻孔。通过对钻孔岩心的岩性、沉积构造及生物组合等特征分析,结合AMS¹⁴C和OSL（光释光）测年结果,揭示中更新世晚期以来本地区主要发育3个海相地层：自下而上为中更新统上部的第三海相地层（简称“海三”）、上更新统的第二海相地层（简称“海二”）和全新统的第一海相地层（简称“海一”）,指示中更新世晚期以来研究区发生的3次主要海面波动。与全球海面变化曲线对比,海三,海二和海一分别发育于MIS（深海氧同位素阶段）7、MIS5和MIS1的高海面时期,说明渤海湾西岸中更新晚期以来地层记录的海面变化趋势与全球变化一致。与前人的传统认识不同,认为受全球海面及渤海海峡地貌共同影响,MIS3时期研究区并未发生大范围海侵。通过多个钻孔的对比分析,3个海相地层在渤海湾西岸地区的分布较广,具有良好的可对比性,不同钻孔之间同一海相地层的高程和厚度的较大差异指示本地区在晚更新世期间发生较强的差异性沉降活动。  相似文献   

Constraining the dating of late Quaternary marine sediment records from the Scotia Sea (Southern Ocean)     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2016

In Southern Ocean sediments south of the Antarctic Polar Front, the scarcity of calcareous microfossils hampers the development of sediment chronologies based on radiocarbon dating and oxygen isotope stratigraphy established from carbonate. In this study, radiometric dating, magnetic susceptibility (MS), biogenic opal content, diatom abundance fluctuation, and paleomagnetic information were investigated on a north–south transect of central Scotia Sea sediment cores to verify their reliability as stratigraphic tools in the study area. Radiocarbon dating on organic carbon humic acid fraction can be used to establish the stratigraphy of upper core sections, but regional comparison and correlation are needed to verify a possible bias by fossil carbon contamination. For the long-term stratigraphy, MS, which can be correlated to the Antarctic ice core dust/climate signal, represents the most valuable parameter. Fine-grained single domain magnetite, probably of biogenic origin, makes a significant contribution to the interglacial MS signal, while major contributions from detrital material affect the glacial MS record. The core from the southern Scotia Sea contains significant proportions of biogenic magnetite also in glacial sediments, suggesting depositional environments different from those of the northern Scotia Sea. Our data suggest low contributions of high-coercive minerals to the overall magnetic intensity of glacial and interglacial Scotia Sea sediments, which excludes dust as a main source of the magnetic signal. Opal content can be used to distinguish between cold and warm intervals for the past 300 thousand years. Abundance fluctuation patterns of diatom species Fragilariopsis kerguelensis and Eucampia antarctica are useful stratigraphic tools for periods back to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6. The Mono Lake geomagnetic excursion is identified in Scotia Sea sediments for the first time. Possible correlations of ash layers are suggested between Scotia Sea sediments and East Antarctic ice cores. They have potential to serve as additional age markers for further studies in this area.  相似文献   

季节冻土区光伏支架螺旋桩基的冻胀数值分析研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

王腾飞  刘建坤  刘晓强  尚亚龙 《冰川冻土》2016,38(4):1167-1174

利用有限元软件COMSOL自定义模块功能,将建立的水热力三场顺序耦合模型导入,模拟二维轴对称条件下多种螺旋桩在土体冻结过程中发生的冻拔,并设置光滑桩作对比.在冻深达到桩长全长时,全螺旋小叶片桩具有良好的抗冻拔效果（仅为光滑桩的19.5%）.使用COMSOL内嵌热应力模块,模拟三维条件下螺旋桩抗冻拔过程,并与室内试验结果作对比.结果显示冻深只有桩长一半时,双螺旋小叶片桩明显减少桩体冻拔量.表明：通过数值分析可比选出抗冻拔的最优桩型,对于现场试验的光伏支架螺旋桩型设计提供参考.  相似文献   

苏北盆地TZK9孔磁性地层及重矿物组合特征研究     

程瑜  李向前  赵增玉  张祥云  郭刚 《地质力学学报》2016,22(4):994-1003

通过对苏北盆地TZK9孔的磁性地层和重矿物组合分析,探索了该地区晚上新世以来沉积物的物源变化特征。古地磁结果显示,TZK9孔的M/G界线位于250.3 m,B/M界线位于78.5 m,并很好记录了2次正极性亚时（Jaramillo和Olduvai）,分别位于129.0~150.2 m与172.55~192.80 m,通过沉积速率外推获得该钻孔的底界年龄约为3.0 Ma。对TZK9孔重矿物组合、特征指数进行分析,并结合淮河及长江下游的重矿物组合特征,揭示在距今3.0~2.6 Ma其沉积物主要来自于淮河流域。而相比晚上新世,第四纪的磷灰石、锆石、金红石、电气石含量增加,表明该地区开始受到了长江流域的影响,而第四纪以来重矿物特征指数（ZTR）逐渐增大可能主要受控于全球气候变化。   相似文献   

华南下扬子区下奥陶统仑山组:岩石学、地层学和古地理学^*          下载免费PDF全文

李家腾  刘建波  孙永超  闫振  吴荣昌  詹仁斌 《古地理学报》2016,18(3):411-423

华南地区下奥陶统仑山组为奥陶系最底部的岩石地层单位之一,其以大套白云岩为主要特征,广泛分布于下扬子区。通过对安徽池州洪家剖面仑山组的系统分析,并结合下扬子区多个相关剖面的资料,进一步确定仑山组岩性为白云岩、灰质白云岩和白云质灰岩,夹有部分亮晶颗粒灰岩和亮泥晶颗粒灰岩。整体上以亮晶生屑灰岩或泥晶生屑灰岩的出现作为仑山组顶界,在下扬子区内部、北部及东南部地区以白云质灰岩或灰质白云岩出现为其底界,而在下扬子区西南部大部分地区则以白云岩化出现为其底界。整个仑山组所含生物化石种类和数量较少,自下而上可建立5个牙形石带,分别是Monocostatus sevierensis带、Acanthodus lineatus-A. costatus带、Scolopodus? pseudoplanus带、Glyptoconus quadraplicatus带和Paltodus deltifer-Tripodus proteus带,推测其时代为早奥陶世特马豆克早期。仑山组主要形成于浅潮下带至深潮下带环境中,其地层总厚度和其中的白云岩厚度受到古地理因素的控制。通过岩石学特征分析,推断仑山组白云岩主要为准同生条件下的多种白云岩化作用叠加中等埋藏条件下的白云岩化形成。  相似文献   

含煤岩系层序地层学研究进展     

魏恒飞  陈践发  王冠男  李伟  刘娅昭  吴雪飞 《煤田地质与勘探》2013,41(1):1-7

层序地层学是分析聚煤规律的一种有效方法。层序地层学应用于含煤地层的分析始于20世纪90年代,Diessel最先在经典层序地层格架中建立了煤层的聚集模式;之后,Bochacs和Stuer通过讨论可容纳空间的变化速率和泥炭聚集速率之间比值的变化,具体分析了不同可容纳空间的煤层厚度、连续性及形态。通过对层序地层中煤层发育和分布的研究,多数煤田地质学家们认为,厚煤层主要发育于低位体系域晚期至海侵体系域早期及海侵体系域晚期至高位体系域早期。由于巨厚煤层往往是许多次级层序及界面的复合体,因此巨厚煤层不能简单地作为成因层序地层的界面,但可以通过煤岩学和地球化学方面的指标对其进行精细划分确定。我国煤田地质学家通过对国内海相煤层的研究,提出了海侵事件聚煤和海相层滞后时段聚煤等观点,从而大大促进了含煤岩系层序地层学的发展。   相似文献   

巴麦地区晚石炭世碳酸盐岩台内滩储层综合评价     

王小敏  陈昭年  樊太亮  余腾孝  曹自成  何海 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2013,43(2):371-381

碳酸盐岩台内滩是重要的油气勘探目标,但关于台内滩储层的形成与评价研究相对薄弱。以巴麦地区先巴扎区块上石炭统小海子组作为研究碳酸盐岩台内滩的典型实例,“露头-岩心-镜下-测井-地震”五位一体综合分析表明,小海子组发育-蜓-类生屑滩、藻核形石滩、生屑滩、砂屑滩和薄皮鲕粒滩等5种碳酸盐岩台内滩,形成于海侵背景下、内缓坡台地中的微低古隆起环境,受控于构造变形和海平面变化。优质储层受开阔台地浅滩沉积作用和（准）同生期成岩作用控制;纵向上小海子组下亚段的储层物性比上亚段好;平面上Ⅰ类储层自Bt8井沿北东东向至西南向呈条带状展布,与台内古地貌较高区域相对应;Ⅱ类储层主要发育在台内古地貌较低区域,呈零散的片状分布。  相似文献