An historical review of landslide research in the South Wales coalfield     

A. Almasmoum  S. P. Bentley  H. J. Siddle 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1996,14(1):21-40

Summary The areal density of landslides in the coalfield of South Wales is one of the highest in the UK. During the past 100 years landsliding has had considerable impact, causing structural damage and loss of life. Most of the landslides were initiated under periglacial conditions but many became reactivated due to the activities of humans, particularly during the late 19 th century when widespread urban and industrial development commenced in the Welsh valleys. A number of the area's larger landslides are first-time slides which occurred during the past 100 years. This paper sets out to chart the history of landslide research in the coalfield, which began through work by mining engineers.  相似文献   

原煤尾气和煤渣中多环芳烃相关性测定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张丽珠  刘永庆 《岩矿测试》1996,15(4):268-273

对原煤、尾气和煤渣中多环芳烃进行了相关性测试。在模拟工业锅炉代表性燃烧条件下将烟煤和无烟煤样品在管式炉中燃烧，分别采用ＧＣＭＳ和ＨＰＬＣ法对原煤、尾气和煤渣中的多环芳烃种类和含量进行了定性和定量测定。通过在特定条件下某一煤种中多环芳烃种类、含量在燃前、燃后变化的相关性，探索煤中多环芳烃在燃烧过程中的衍变规律  相似文献   

淮北闸河矿区二叠系含煤地层沉积环境分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘文中  徐龙 《中国煤田地质》1996,8(3):19-21

运用岩矿鉴定、光谱分析、Ｘ衍射、沉积磷酸盐分析等先进的实验手段，对淮北闸河矿区二叠系含煤地层的沉积特征进行了详细的研究。在沉积特征研究的基础上，确定本区二叠纪时为以河流作用为主的建设性河控浅水三角洲沉积环境。  相似文献   

A comparison of rock mass disturbance in TBM and drill and blast drivages at the Donkin Mine,Nova Scotia     

T. R. C. Aston  J. L. Gilby  C. M. K. Yuen 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1988,6(2):147-162

Summary The initial phase of the Donkin-Morien project involves the driving of two parallel tunnels through an interbedded sequence of coal measures strata to intersect the Harbour Seam which lies approximately 3.5 km offshore. The No. 2 tunnel was driven a total distance of 3579 m using a 7.6 m diameter full face shielded Lovat TBM and supported by steel ring beams. The No. 3 tunnel was initially driven a distance of 1027 m using conventional drill and blast methods (7.6 m wide by 5.3 m high with a uniradial arch and supported by rock bolts and shotcrete). The TBM was subsequently used to complete the drivage of the No. 3 tunnel to the Harbour Seam.Both the No. 2 and No. 3 tunnels followed a thick sandstone unit at a grade of –20% for the first 900 m. This provided an opportunity to compare the rock mass disturbance resulting from two different excavation methods. A programme of field and laboratory measurements was therefore undertaken, which included: the use of a borehole dilatometer to determinein situ rock modulus,in situ gas permeability testing, seismic reflection surveys on the tunnel walls, and the laboratory testing of core samples.The paper examines the four different techniques used and compares the results obtained.  相似文献   

焦作地区含煤岩系沉积环境与聚煤特征     

李春生 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1988,(2)

焦作地区含煤地层为太原组和山西组。太原组由潮下浅海、障壁岛、泻湖、潮坪等沉积环境组成,并发育风暴沉积的灰岩和砂岩。Ⅰ_2煤和Ⅰ_5煤是本组的主要煤层,系形成于广阔的潮坪泥炭沼泽环境。山西组由潮坪、海滩脊和三角洲平原等沉积环境组成,Ⅱ_1煤层是本组的主要煤层,厚度大、分布广、煤质低硫中灰。煤层厚度变化主要受沉积环境的制约和影响。  相似文献   

中国东北部晚中生代断陷盆地模式在松辽深部煤成气预测中的可能应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Li Sitian Wu Chonglong 《地球科学》1986,(5)

经地震探测和地质分析,松辽深部晚中生代断陷盆地与其周围地区J_3—K_1的断陷盆地在地质结构和成盆期均具有相似性,同属东北亚晚中生代断陷盆地系。作者认为,应用其周围同类型断陷盆地模式对松辽深部煤成气远景的预测和生油潜力的判断具有重要价值,同样也适用于深埋于下辽河第三纪坳陷之下的晚中生代盆地成气远景的预测。  相似文献   

Influence of width/height ratio on post-failure behaviour of coal     

M. N. Das 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1986,4(1):79-87

Conclusions The post-failure slope immediately after strength failure decreases on the negative side with the increase inw/h ratio. Atw/h equal to around 10 or 11 this slope becomes almost zero and then again the slope increases but on the positive side with further increase inw/h ratio.At loww/h ratios, the post-failure characteristic touches the abscissa ultimately. Forw/h greater than 4 or 6 after an initial fall, the broken mass starts reconsolidation on further loading due to high lateral constraints provided at the centre and the curve starts rising again. Forw/h ratios greater than 10 or 11, there is no loss in the post-failure strength.  相似文献   

Molecular fossils from chemical degradation of macromolecular organic matter     

Bernd Mycke  Walter Michaelis 《Organic Geochemistry》1986,10(4-6)

Hydrogenolysis with rhodium-on-charcoal was found to be an effective method for degrading different types of macromolecular material of geological origin. Between 6 and 70% of coals, kerogens and humic substances were transferred into low-molecular-weight soluble materials. The reaction products contained a series of monomeric and dimeric lignin-derived compounds which strongly suggest intact fossil lignin as their source. The substitutional patterns of the released phenols reflect the type and amount of terrestrial organic matter input and diagenetic alterations.In addition to the lignin constituents, a complete suite of hydrocarbons differing from those of the low-molecular-weight fraction was obtained after hydrogenolysis of the sample material. Hydrocarbons released by the hydrogenolytic degradation technique were attached to the polymeric matrix as monoor polyethers. Deuterium was used in the degradation experiment to evaluate the sites of chemical bonds by which 4-methylsteranes and hopanes are attached to the kerogen matrix. These experiments suggested a linkage of the released molecules with ring A and the side-chain, respectively.  相似文献   

The petrography,structure and mechanical behaviour of coals     

F. Homand-Etienne  E. Moraes Da Gama 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1987,5(3):331-342

Summary The objective of this study is to determine the parameters which influence coal's mechanical behaviour. The two coals examined (HBL, Simon, France and Barro Banco, Brazil) structurally originated from different deposits. The differences are readily explained by the contrasting composition of vitrain, clarain, durain and fusain. Their mechanical behaviour is linked to their petrographical composition. The Lorrainain coal behavioural pattern was evaluated. It is elastobrittle or elastoplastic with progressive failure. Brazilian coal behaves according to a pattern of elastoplastic with progressive failure or perfect elastoplastic.  相似文献   

An isotopic study of hydrocarbon generation processes     

J.W. Smith  D. Rigby  K.W. Gould  G. Hart  A.J. Hargraves 《Organic Geochemistry》1985,8(5):341-347

The sources of reservoired liquid hydrocarbons in Australia differ substantially from their Northern Hemisphere counterparts. Not only are Australian source rocks largely of terrigenous origin but the concepts accepted as defining the hydrocarbon potential of source rocks have recently been challenged. Although isotopic measurements on Australian source rocks and liquid hydrocarbon products closely parallel those published from elsewhere, new interpretations of these data have been made, particularly with regard to D/H ratios in coals. As interesting as such results may be, the most important findings relate to the origins and histories of methane, the higher gaseous hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide, and the interpretation of these data in terms of hydrocarbon genesis. Simple Northern Hemisphere concepts which characterize gases as being biogenic, oil-associated, etc., on the bases of their isotopic and chemical compositions are clearly not applicable to the Australian scene. Indeed justification of such precise classifications in the Northern Hemisphere on the available evidence is also questioned.Isotopic and compositional data from gases from the Cooper, Bowen, Sydney and Gippsland Basins and from the North West Shelf (Australia) are reviewed, and assessed in terms of generation pathways.  相似文献