Long-term effects of a toxic algal bloom on subtidal soft-sediment macroinvertebrate communities in Wellington Harbour, New Zealand   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Kerstin Krger  Jonathan P.A. Gardner  Ashley A. Rowden  Robert G. Wear 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,67(4):589-604

The long-term effects (>1 year) of a naturally occurring toxic plankton bloom (Karenia brevisulcata) on subtidal benthic macroinvertebrate communities were investigated in Wellington Harbour, a semi-enclosed temperate embayment in New Zealand. For 3 years communities were sampled at three different sites in the harbour. Analyses revealed that community recovery following the bloom was site-specific. Multivariate analyses indicated that at one site community composition was approaching recovery 3 years post-bloom. At the second site, a sequential recovery process was indicated, whereas at the third site the community composition oscillated from year to year, but did not show any signs of a sequential recovery process. The nature of the hydrodynamic regime was identified as a major factor influencing the observed recovery processes. Communities exposed to an active hydrodynamic regime were less affected by the bloom and differed little in their composition pre- and post-bloom, as they were naturally in a perpetual state of recovery as indicated by a dominance of r-selected species. The community at the hydrodynamically less active site was more affected by the bloom and exhibited temporal differences in composition consistent with successional models. Complete recovery to a pre-disturbance climax community dominated by K-selected species is likely to take 4–5 years, if not interrupted by other disturbances. Given the increased occurrence of harmful algal blooms worldwide, more monitoring and manipulative studies are needed to further evaluate the effects of such disturbances on macrobenthic communities.  相似文献   

红层软岩边坡生态防护技术探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周立荣  向波  周德培 《地质灾害与环境保护》2006,17(4):105-108

红层软岩边坡,土质贫瘠,浅层稳定性差,生态防护失效的现象比较突出。为提高西部红层软岩边坡生态防护的可靠性,在对西部红层软岩地区铁路、公路边坡生态防护状况进行调研和分析的基础上,总结红层软岩边坡生态防护失败的原因,吸取经验教训,提出适于红层软岩边坡的生态防护方法和适合该区栽植的草木品种及配置方法。  相似文献   

软弱地基码头的快速建造方法     

俞元洪  陶松垒 《海洋技术学报》2006,25(3):122-126

文中介绍了软基快速建造码头的方法与技术。在含水量高、孔隙比大、渗透系数小、埋藏深厚、承载力与抗剪强度低、灵敏度高的软弱地基上,采用软基快速筑堤方法和鲎式硬壳堤坝技术,22 d时间完成码头建造,投入使用1 a多时间,一直未出现裂缝等问题。  相似文献   

New formulae for capacity energy-based assessment of liquefaction triggering     

Yasaman Jafariavval 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(2):214-222

Abstract

Liquefaction of loose saturated soil deposits is a hazardous type of ground failure occurring under earthquake excitations. Therefore, an accurate estimation of liquefaction potential is extremely important in geotechnical engineering. In the current study, a new model is proposed which estimates the level of strain energy needed for liquefaction initiation. A compiled database containing cyclic tests gathered from previously published works was used to develop new models to predict liquefaction potential. M5′ algorithm was used to find the best correlation between parameters. It was shown that not only the derived formulas are acceptably accurate but also they feature a very simple structure in comparison with available formulas in the literature. The proposed equations are accurate, physically sound and uncomplicated. Furthermore, safety factors were given for different levels of risk, which can be useful for engineering practice. In addition, the influence of different predictors on the liquefaction potential was evaluated and also the significance of input variables was assessed via sensitivity analysis. Finally, a new model was introduced for preliminary estimation of liquefaction potential.  相似文献   

Dynamic characteristics of marine soft clay under variable phase difference and initial static shear stress     

Wenqian Dong  Xiuqing Hu  Hongtao Fu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(7):770-785

Abstract

Under seismic loading, the soil layer is subjected to multidirectional cyclic shear stress with different amplitudes and frequencies because of the coupling of multiple shear waves and the soil element within a slope or behind a retaining wall is subjected to initial static shear stress before subjected to cyclic loading. Due to the complexity of seismic loading propagation, a phase difference exists between the initial static shear stress and cyclic shear stress. To investigate the influence of the phase difference and initial static shear stress on cyclic shear strain, cyclic modulus, and cyclic strength, a series of laboratory tests are performed on Wenzhou marine soft clay by multi-directional simple shear system, which can simulate the actual state better by controlling the horizontal cyclic stress in the x and y directions simultaneously. As the phase difference varies from 0° to 90°, the dynamic shear modulus increases and cyclic strain accumulation decreases with an increasing number of cycles. The shear strain increases with the initial shear stress.  相似文献   

西安地区饱和软黄土工程地质特征研究   总被引：11，自引：4，他引：7  

于国新  白明洲  许兆义 《工程地质学报》2006,14(2):196-199

饱和软黄土是黄土地区一种特殊性岩土。结合西安城区和北环铁路工程勘察的结果,分析了西安地区饱和软黄土的分布规律及其物理力学性质,讨论了饱和软黄土分布上的差异,从地质环境角度探讨了北环铁路饱和软黄土分布的成因,提出了上层滞水含水层也存在饱和软黄土的观点。  相似文献   

软土地基桥台位移病害分析及防治措施     

孙文彬 《化工矿产地质》2006,28(3):189-192,148

软土地基桥台存在三方面的主要隐患:桥头与路堤具有较大的沉降差;桥台倾斜或桥台底部出现垂直裂缝;桥台向河心移动。软土层地质结构及物理地学性质、桥台形式、勘探与施工质量是影响桥台位移的主要原因。淮安市高等级公路建设的桥梁建设实践表明,应从设计施工、养护方面采取综合防治措施,使损失减到最低限度。  相似文献   

Equilibrium erosion of soft rock shores with a shallow or absent beach under increased sea level rise   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mike Walkden  Mark Dickson   《Marine Geology》2008,251(1-2):75-84

A process-based numerical model was used to explore the response of soft rock shores with low volume beaches to variable rates of sea level rise. Equilibrium recession rates were simulated for ranges of wave height and period, tidal amplitude, rock strength, beach volume and rate of sea level rise. Equilibrium shore profiles were found to be steeper with higher rates of sea level rise. Beaches were represented as protective surfaces yet were found to cause no significant reduction in equilibrium recession rate when their volumes were below a critical threshold. Reduced equilibrium recession rates were found with beaches that extended sufficiently far below low tide level. The model results imply that, given several constraints, a very simple relationship exists between increased rates of sea level rise and the response of eroding composite soft rock/low volume beach shores.  相似文献   

Theoretical Model and Dynamic Analysis of Soft Yoke Mooring System   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

肖龙飞  杨建民  杨立军  李欣 《中国海洋工程》2008,22(2):195-204

As a popular solution for mooring an FPSO （Floating Production, Storage and Offloading） permanently in shallow water, the soft yoke mooring system has been widely used in ocean oil production activities in the Bohai Bay of China. In order to simulate the interaction mechanism and conduct dynamic analysis of the soft yoke mooring system, a theoretical model with basic dynamic equations is established. A numerical iteration algorithm based on error estimation is developed to solve the equations and calculate the dynanfic response of the mooring system due to FPSO motions. Validation is conducted by wave basin experimentation. It is shown that the numerical simulation takes only a few iteration times and the final errors are small. Furthermore, the calculated results of both the static and dynamic responses agree well with those ones obtained by the model test. It indicates that the efficiency, the precision, the reliability and the validity of the developed numerical algorithm and program are rather good. It is proposed to develop a real-time monitoring system to further monitor the dynamic performance of the FPSO with a soft yoke mooring system under various real sea environments.  相似文献   

实施软资源整合以提升浙江港口的竞争力   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐秦 《海洋学研究》2008,26(1):85-89

浙江港口群作为上海国际航运中心的重要组成部分,如何根据自身现有条件,加快港口软资源整合,充分发挥港口整体优势以提升港口的竞争力,已成为新时期港口建设的一个重要内容。通过对浙江港口资源现状的分析,从管理体制与经营机制两方面对提升浙江港口竞争力的实施途径进行了论述,提出了浙江港口资源整合和经营机制整合的具体内容以及提升浙江港口竟争力的具体措施。  相似文献