北喜马拉雅穹隆带然巴韧性剪切带石英动态重结晶颗粒的分维几何分析与主要流变参数的估算   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

张波  张进江  郭磊 《地质科学》2006,41(1):158-169

位于北喜马拉雅穹隆带东段的然巴构造穹隆外围发育环形韧性剪切带,带内岩石经韧性剪切形成各类糜棱状岩石。石英为带内变形岩中最为常见的造岩矿物,在不同的温度、应变速率下产生不同的显微构造,其中动态重结晶最为常见。重结晶新晶颗粒边界普遍具有锯齿状或港湾状结构,是应变和变形环境的天然记录。新晶粒分维几何统计分析表明:带内动态重结晶石英颗粒边界形态具有自相似性(1≤D≤2),表现出分形特征,分维数值为1.14～1.19,变形温度大约500℃。同构造变质环境属中——高绿片岩相;初步估算古应变速率可能低于10^-9.5S^-1;根据重结晶粒径估算变形古应力6.2～58.8MPa。  相似文献   

Micro-and submicrostructural evidence for high-temperature brittle-ductile transition deformation of hornblende: Case study of high-grade mylonites from Diancangshan, western Yunnan   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Cao ShuYun  Liu JunLai  Hu Ling 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(10):1459-1470

OM (optical microscope)/TEM (transmission electron microscope) micro- and submicrostructural analysis of hornblende rocks sheared at high temperatures from the Diancangshan area, western Yunnan reveals evidence for deformation in the brittle-ductile transition of hornblende at middle crustal level (about 637℃ and 0.653 GPa) and mechanisms of deformation in the transitional regime are further discussed. Sheared hornblende rocks at middle crustal level have typical mylonitic microstructures, shown by coarse porphyroclasts and fine matrix grains. Different mineral phases in the rocks show distinct deformation characteristics. Hornblende and feldspar grains are intensely deformed with ob- vious grainsize reduction, but quartz grains are recrystallized dominantly by grain growth. Hornblende grains show typical brittle-ductile transition nature. Initial crystallographic orientations of porphyro- clasts have strong effects on the behavior of grains during deformation. There are mainly two types of porphyroclasts, type I "hard" porphyroclasts and type II "soft" porphyroclasts, with [001] perpendicular and parallel to external shear stresses respectively. "Hard" porphyroclasts generally occur as compe- tent grains that are rarely deformed or sometimes deformed by fracturing and dislocation tangling. "Soft" porphyroclasts are highly deformed primarily by dislocation tangling (as shown in the cores of the porphyroclasts), but twinning, dislocation glide and climb probably due to hydrolytic weakening also contribute to dynamic recrystallization of the porphyroclasts into fine grains in the matrix. The micro- and submicrostructures of the two types of porphyroclasts and fine-grained matrix provide powerful evidence for the behavior of brittle-ductile transition of hornblende grains. It is concluded that twinning nucleation is one of the most important processes that operate during dynamic recrystalliza- tion of hornblende crystals at the brittle-ductile transition. (100) [001] twin gliding and dislocation creep (dislocation glide and climb) are mutually enhanced during twinning nucleation. As a newly discovered mechanism of dynamic recrystallization, it may have played more important roles than ever recognized during dynamic recrystallization of crystals with twins in the brittle-ductile transition.  相似文献   

陕北盐盆奥陶系马家沟组五段蒸发岩沉积环境与作用——来自石盐流体包裹体的证据     

赵艳军  刘成林  胡宇飞 《矿床地质》2016,35(6):1144-1156

陕北盐盆地因发育全球罕见的奥陶系马家沟组五段含盐地层受到广泛关注。文章运用X射线粉晶衍射矿物组分半定量分析、流体包裹体的均一温度、拉曼光谱、扫描电镜能谱和包裹体氢同位素分析等多种手段,对陕北米脂县境内两口钻井奥陶系马家沟组石盐岩进行了分析和测试。流体包裹体均一温度测试结果表明,石盐岩中原生单一液相包裹体、次生正方形单一液相包裹体的均一温度平均值分别为27.9℃、30.6℃,峰值均为25~30℃,次生与原生的流体包裹体的形成环境基本一致。在重结晶程度高的层段,石盐岩流体包裹体的δD值和石盐岩K+含量的变化趋势相反,结合该时期内含盐层段宏观地质特征以及钾石盐颗粒常呈圆粒状赋存在石盐晶间裂缝等微观证据,笔者认为研究区石盐岩沉积时因外来水体频繁侵入导致原生石盐岩发生溶解和重结晶,降低了形成大规模钾盐矿床的概率。  相似文献   

Mylonitic deformation of gabbro in the lower crust: A case study from the Pankenushi gabbro in the Hidaka metamorphic belt of central Hokkaido, Japan     

Kyuichi Kanagawa  Hirobumi Shimano  Yoshikuni Hiroi 《Journal of Structural Geology》2008,30(9):1150-1166

The mylonitization of the Pankenushi gabbro in the Hidaka metamorphic belt of central Hokkaido, Japan, occurred along its western margin at ≈600 MPa and 660–700 °C through dynamic recrystallization of plagioclase and a retrograde reaction from granulite facies to amphibolite facies (orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene + plagioclase + H₂O = hornblende + quartz). The reaction produced a fine-grained (≤100 μm) polymineralic aggregate composed of orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, quartz, hornblende, biotite and ilmenite, into which strain is localized. The dynamic recrystallization of plagioclase occurred by grain boundary migration, and produced a monomineralic aggregate of grains whose crystallographic orientations are mostly unrelated to those of porphyroclasts. The monomineralic plagioclase aggregates and the fine-grained polymineralic aggregates are interlayered and define the mylonitic foliation, while the latter is also mixed into the former by grain boundary sliding to form a rather homogeneous polymineralic matrix in ultramylonites. However in both mylonite and ultramylonite, plagioclase aggregates form a stress-supporting framework, and therefore controlled the rock rheology. Crystal plastic deformation of pyroxenes and plagioclase with dominant (100)[001] and (001)1/2 slip systems, respectively, produced distinct shape- and crystallographic-preferred orientations of pyroxene porphyroclasts and dynamically recrystallized plagioclase grains in both mylonite and ultramylonite. Euhedral to subhedral growth of hornblende in pyroxene porphyroclast tails during the reaction and its subsequent rigid rotation in the fine-grained polymineralic aggregate or matrix produced clear shape- and crystallographic-preferred orientations of hornblende grains in both mylonite and ultramylonite. In contrast, the dominant grain boundary sliding of pyroxene and quartz grains in the fine-grained polymineralic aggregate of the mylonite resulted in their very weak shape- and crystallographic-preferred orientations. In the fine-grained polymineralic matrix of the ultramylonite, however, pyroxene and quartz grains became scattered and isolated in the plagioclase aggregate so that they were crystal-plastically deformed leading to stronger shape- and crystallographic-preferred orientations than those seen in the mylonite.  相似文献   

An extension of the Saltykov method to quantify 3D grain size distributions in mylonites     

《Journal of Structural Geology》2016

The estimation of 3D grain size distributions (GSDs) in mylonites is key to understanding the rheological properties of crystalline aggregates and to constraining dynamic recrystallization models. This paper investigates whether a common stereological method, the Saltykov method, is appropriate for the study of GSDs in mylonites. In addition, we present a new stereological method, named the two-step method, which estimates a lognormal probability density function describing the 3D GSD. Both methods are tested for reproducibility and accuracy using natural and synthetic data sets. The main conclusion is that both methods are accurate and simple enough to be systematically used in recrystallized aggregates with near-equant grains. The Saltykov method is particularly suitable for estimating the volume percentage of particular grain-size fractions with an absolute uncertainty of ±5 in the estimates. The two-step method is suitable for quantifying the shape of the actual 3D GSD in recrystallized rocks using a single value, the multiplicative standard deviation (MSD) parameter, and providing a precision in the estimate typically better than 5%. The novel method provides a MSD value in recrystallized quartz that differs from previous estimates based on apparent 2D GSDs, highlighting the inconvenience of using apparent GSDs for such tasks.  相似文献   

辽东半岛海城-大石桥菱镁矿矿床成因探讨     

胡古月  孙新胜  郑军  余旭辉  王东波  李延河  赵悦  陈翰  徐莺  Alison Ord 《地质学报》2022,96(4):1340-1355

辽东半岛古元古界辽河群大石桥组三段地层中赋存有全球最大工业储量的菱镁矿矿床.在总结和整理已发表的辽东半岛晶质菱镁矿床地质和地球化学数据的基础上,本次研究进行了Mg和B同位素测试及研究工作,获得以下认识:① 菱镁矿矿体呈北东东走向,产于大石桥组三段,但不同矿床的矿体厚度差异较大(30～300 m),菱镁矿矿体与顶、底板高...  相似文献   

X波段全固态天气雷达降水探测能力的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

史朝  范凯波  李学华  王旭 《大气科学学报》2013,36(3):379-384

以中国气象局大气探测重点开放实验室的X波段全固态天气雷达为试验平台,介绍了雷达距离探测分辨力满足50 m的条件下,通过组合探测模式弥补宽脉冲造成的雷达近场探测盲区;重点分析了由脉冲压缩引入的距离副瓣对气象回波强度探测范围的影响,通过计算说明双向加权是在牺牲峰值发射功率的代价下较大程度地改善主瓣能量泄露,但这种方法并不适宜峰值功率与压缩比有限的应用。进一步引入了自适应旁瓣抑制方法,模拟表明该方法峰值旁瓣抑制能力近似为-50 dB,且主瓣展宽系数接近于1。并与经典的匹配方式和汉明加权失配滤波方式进行了试验对比,弱信号探测改善约4 dB;最后在分析雷达最远探测距离的基础上,通过一次外场观测案例与713型雷达对比了降水探测能力,该固态雷达能够探测150 km范围内强于10 dBz的降水回波。  相似文献   

石膏矿岩水致老化效应试验     

周意超  陈从新  刘秀敏  段淑倩  张海娜  夏开宗 《岩土力学》2018,39(6):2124-2130

为研究石膏岩的水致老化效应,在室内模拟石膏矿采空区的水环境条件,包括不同空气湿度环境和饱和地下水环境。将石膏岩岩样置于其中,定期取出测定其力学性质指标,得到石膏岩老化的宏观力学表现,并结合核磁共振技术测定试验过程中石膏岩岩样内部的孔隙结构变化,分析石膏岩的水致老化机制。研究结果表明,水对石膏岩的老化效应具有显著的影响。老化程度随时间递增,石膏岩的单轴抗压强度、巴西抗拉强度和弹性模量与置于水环境中的时间基本呈负指数关系,泊松比则无明显变化规律;石膏岩老化程度和老化速率与水的状态密切相关。相对湿度越高,石膏岩的老化越显著,老化速率也更快,尤其是被液态水浸泡时,石膏岩的老化最显著,老化速率最快。水对石膏岩的老化过程是水的物理作用与化学作用的耦合,而化学作用是水致石膏岩老化的根本原因。石膏岩与水接触时,石膏的溶解、重结晶作用的不断进行改变着石膏岩的矿物组成结构,使其结构由紧密变得松散,孔隙率增大,力学性质不断弱化。该试验研究结果可为石膏矿开采的设计及采后空区的长期稳定性评估提供参考。  相似文献   

CINRAD-SA/SB发射机故障定位方法   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

潘新民  汤志亚  柴秀梅  崔炳俭  黄跃青  王全周  多福学 《气象与环境科学》2010,33(3):78-85

介绍了CINRAD-SA/SB发射机信号流程、同步信号时序关系及关键点波形参数,从故障现象、雷达终端报警信息、面板监控信息分析入手,根据相关信号流程和关键点波形、参数测试,定位发射机故障到可更换单元,总结了速调管附属电源、高频放大链、全固态调制器电路故障分析定位技巧,列举了用调压器法、断开负载法、逐级检测法分析定位全固态调制器电路故障的典型个例,并提出了发射机维修方面的一些建议。  相似文献   

Metamorphic effect on zircon Lu-Hf and U-Pb isotope systems in ultrahigh-pressure eclogite-facies metagranite and metabasite   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

Yong-Fei Zheng  Yuan-Bao Wu  Shao-Bing Zhang  Fu-Yuan Wu 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2005,240(2):378-400

The Hf isotope composition of original igneous or detrital zircons in high-grade metamorphic rocks can be used to trace protolith origin, but metamorphic effect on the Hf isotope composition of newly grown domains remains to evaluate. We report a detailed in situ combined study of intragrain U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopes in zircons from granitic gneiss and eclogite in the Dabie orogen of China that experienced ultrahigh-pressure eclogite-facies metamorphism. The results show correlations in ²⁰⁶Pb / ²³⁸U age, initial Hf isotope composition, and Th / U and Lu / Hf ratios between the domains of different origins. The metamorphic domains are characterized by low Th / U and Lu / Hf ratios but high ?_Hf(t) values relative to the igneous core and mantle of pre-metamorphic ages. Positive correlations are observed between Th / U and Lu / Hf ratios, pointing to the similar effect of metamorphism on both U-Th-Pb and Lu-Hf isotope systems. Thus the metamorphic domains are distinguished from the igneous core and mantle by their low Lu / Hf ratios that are less than 0.001 for the granitic gneiss and less than 0.0001 for the eclogite. Despite differences in both protolith age and geochemical source between granitic gneiss and eclogite, rim ?_Hf(t) values are variably 3.1 to 13.5 greater than core ?_Hf(t) values when calculated at timing of protolith formation. This indicates that the zircon overgrowth was associated with a metamorphic medium that has high ¹⁷⁶Hf / ¹⁷⁷Hf but low ¹⁷⁶Lu / ¹⁷⁷Hf ratios. While the metamorphic domains contain more radiogenic Hf isotopes than the original igneous core and mantle, their Lu / Hf ratios are significantly lower than those of core and mantle. Therefore, the metamorphic zircons acquired their initial Hf isotope ratios from metamorphic fluids that have high ¹⁷⁶Hf / ¹⁷⁷Hf ratios but low Lu / Hf ratios with sound variability depending on the Lu-Hf isotope compositions of pre-existing and co-precipitating phases.  相似文献