Nitrogen, Oxygen and Argon Dissolved in the Northern North Pacific in Early Summer     

Noriko Nakayama  Shuichi Watanabe  Shizuo Tsunogai 《Journal of Oceanography》2002,58(6):775-785

Major gases dissolved in seawater were accurately determined with a shipboard gas chromatographic method. The standard deviations were 0.28, 0.34 and 0.36% for N₂, O₂ and Ar, respectively. The method was applied to water from the northwestern North Pacific Ocean collected in May to June 2000. We got 127 duplicate seawater samples from the surface 200 m layer at 11 stations. The O₂ concentrations obtained by this method agreed with those given by the Winkler method. All the seawater samples from the surface 200 m, especially those from the upper 30 m, were supersaturated with respect to atmospheric N₂ and Ar concentrations. In the topmost 30 m layer, the degrees of supersaturation in the inventory were 2.7–4.3% for N₂ (ΔN₂) and 1.7–2.6% for Ar (ΔAr), and their ratios, ΔN₂/ΔAr, ranged from 1.53 to 1.81. This supersaturation seems to be chiefly due to air bubbles injected into the water and dissolved due to the water pressure, because the N₂/Ar ratio of the air is around 2. The amounts of air bubbles dissolved in the upper 30 m water were relatively large, with mean value of 0.41 ml/kg or 18.4 μmol/kg. The ΔN₂, ΔAr and ΔN₂/ΔAr values were all positively well correlated with the wind velocities averaged for the last 24 hours prior to sampling, allowing the conclusion to be drawn that the weaker the wind velocity, the dissolved gas composition approaches in equilibrium with the air; while the stronger the wind velocity, it approaches in the air composition. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

脂溶性壳多糖的制备     

于广利  梁平方  李八方 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1995,(Z1)

提出通过甲烷磺酸／酰氯体系低温均相制备乙酰化甲壳质（ＡＣＣ）、己酰化甲壳质（ＨＣＣ）、十二酰化甲壳质（ＤＣＣ）及已酰化Ｎ－苄基甲壳胺（ＮＢＣ），从而获得脂溶性Ｎ－苄基己酰甲壳胺（ＮＢＨＣ）的反应条件，并对各酰化产物在不同溶剂中的溶解性能进行试验。指出：产物ＡＣＣ溶于甲酸中；ＨＣＣ、ＤＣＣ溶于甲酸及乙醇中；ＮＢＨＣ溶于甲酸、乙醇、乙醚、苯及乙酸乙酯中。  相似文献   

富铁橄榄石的水溶性实验研究SCIEI北大核心CSCD     

杨家英  张琼  赵永红  李杨  KOHLSTEDTDavidL 《岩石学报》2022,38(4):1280-1284

地幔的力学性质主要受橄榄石流变性的控制,含水对橄榄石流变性质的影响很大,而橄榄石的水溶性受到温度和铁含量的影响,因此,本文进行了不同铁含量橄榄石在不同温度下的水溶性实验研究。实验使用的样品为天然橄榄石单晶Fa_(17)和Fa_(24.7)(Fe_(No.)=100×molar Fe/(Mg+Fe))以及人工合成的橄榄石单晶Fa_(22);橄榄石单晶的水溶性实验在300MPa围压和1273~1473K的温度条件下进行,每隔50K进行一组实验,氧逸度被控制在Ni NiO水平上。实验结束后,对橄榄石单晶沿b面进行双面研磨抛光,用电子探针分析确定橄榄石单晶成分,采用EBSD精确测量橄榄石的单晶方向,使用红外光谱仪(FTIR)的非偏振光路测试橄榄石单晶在b轴上的吸收光谱。对FTIR吸收光谱进行积分得到富铁橄榄石的水溶性实验结果:当温度由1273K升至1473K时,橄榄石单晶Fa_(17)的水溶性变化为600~1200H/10^(6) Si,橄榄石单晶Fa_(24.7)的水溶性变化为1000~1300H/10^(6) Si,人工合成的橄榄石单晶Fa_(22)的水溶性变化为500~900 H/10^(6) Si。因此,相同铁含量橄榄石单晶的水溶性随温度的增加而增加,相同温度条件下,天然形成的橄榄石的水溶性随着铁含量的增加而增加,百分之一的铁含量的增加,可以导致约百分之十的水溶性的增加。本文所研究的不同铁含量的橄榄石可以为更好地估算上地幔水溶性提供依据。  相似文献   

Geochemical processes controlling silica concentrations in groundwaters of the Salado River drainage basin, Argentina   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P. Miretzky  V. Conzonno  A. Fernndez Cirelli 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2001,73(3)

Chemical analyses of dissolved silica in the shallow groundwater of the lower part of the Salado River drainage basin indicate that silica values averaged 60 ppm. The groundwaters are oversaturated in relation to quartz, Na-plagioclase, K-feldspar, and the weathering of quartz and aluminosilicates appear to have little control on silica concentrations in solution. Groundwater is undersaturated with respect to amorphous silica present in the loessic sediments, and these sediments are specially important in the control of the groundwater composition. The sources of amorphous silica are volcanic glass shards and biogenic silica derived from plant (silicophytoliths, diatom frustules) or animal remains (sponge spicules) also present in the Pampean loess. Silicophytoliths and diatoms have also been reported in A soil horizon samples. The dissolution of amorphous silica most likely controls the high dissolved silica concentrations in groundwater.  相似文献   

一个适合于金属合金水热实验方法的探讨     

郁云妹 Gamm.  CH 《矿物学报》1995,15(1):55-60

文章以银-钯（Ag－Pd）合金＋AgCl在HCl-H2O对热液中的溶解度测定为例，叙述了用合金作为实验初始物和同时测定合金组成的方法。本实验结果与前人在相同实验条件仅用不同方法所获得的结果比较后指出：①本实验中测得的银溶解度位于Zotov和Seward的研究结果之间；②从实验中测得把的溶解度，计算或的存在形式和控制把溶解度反应式的平衡常数与Gammons一致，所有这些结果都表明，用Ag－Pd合金＋AgCl作为溶解度反应的初始物研究该合金组成的方法是可行的。该方法提出了控制体系氧逸度的新方法，为从实验上研究成矿元素在低温下的热液行为提供了可能。  相似文献   

Modeling Atmospheric Chemistry: Interactions between Gas-Phase Species and Liquid Cloud/Aerosol Particles     

Rolf Sander 《Surveys in Geophysics》1999,20(1):1-31

For detailed modeling of atmospheric chemistry it is necessary to consider aqueous-phase reactions in cloud droplets and deliquesced aerosol particles. Often, the gas-phase concentration is in equilibrium with the aqueous phase. Then Henrys law can be used to describe the distribution between the phases provided that the Henrys law coefficient is known. In some cases, thermodynamic equilibrium will not be reached and it is necessary to use kinetic expressions of the rates involved. These rates depend on diffusion constants, accommodation coefficients, Henrys law coefficients, particle size distributions, and several other parameters. This review describes how these processes can be treated in computer modeling and how the necessary data can be obtained. Even though it is written primarily for use in modeling atmospheric chemistry, some parts will also be useful for waste water and pesticide control and in other areas where the distribution of chemicals between the aqueous and the gas phase is important.  相似文献   

青藏高原钠硼解石在水中溶解行为的研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陈若愚  夏树屏 《矿物学报》1993,13(1):52-55

利用离子选择电极对钠硼解石在水中10～40℃的溶解行为进行了研究,计算了它的溶度积常数、溶解度、溶解热和溶解熵,指出在低温下钠硼解石是稳定的矿物,在高温转化为白硼钙石,为地球化学和地质化学方面提供了实验依据。  相似文献   

杂卤石溶解性能的测定     

安莲英  殷辉安  唐明林  尧丽萍 《矿物岩石》2004,24(4):108-110

通过测定25℃，50℃，75℃时液相K^ ，Ca^2 ，Mg^2 ，SO4^2-等组成浓度随时间的变化，考察杂卤石在水中的溶解行为，测试得25℃，50℃，75℃条件下杂卤石中K^ 在水中的平衡浓度分别为19．13，21．29，36．77(mg／m1)。K^ 溶解平衡浓度随着温度的升高而增大。实验研究25℃条件下杂卤石在CaCl2溶液中的溶解行为。在5％和10％CaCl2溶液中K^ 的平衡浓度分别为25．65，35．24(mg／m1)。明显大于在水中的平衡浓度。表明CaCl2对杂卤石具有明显的增溶作用，可作为杂卤石的良好溶浸剂。实验结果对不溶性或难溶性的钾矿资源的开发利用具有理论参考和实际应用价值。  相似文献   

低温条件下锡的实验地球化学研究     

陈紫新 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1998,(1)

低温条件下锡的实验地球化学研究＠陈紫新￥中国科学院地球化学研究所锡的可溶性,络合作用,实验地球化学,低温体系低温条件下锡的实验地球化学研究陈紫新（中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵阳５５０００２）关键词锡的可溶性络合作用实验地球化学低温体系目前,国内外对锡的成矿...  相似文献   

堆肥对土壤阳离子型微量元素可溶性的影响     

张丹  M．Verloo  A．Demeyer 《山地学报》1998,(3)

本文的主要目的是探讨堆肥对砂壤土阳离子型微量元素-Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu可溶性的影响．通过试验并进行堆肥比例和时间因素的双因子统计分析得出Fe的可溶性随时间的延长而增加,可溶Zn和Mn由于堆肥的加入而减少,可溶Cu极低,实际不受堆肥施入的影响．  相似文献