球面全景影像相对定向与精度验证   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

谢东海  钟若飞  吴俣  符晗  黄小川  孙振兴 《测绘学报》2017,46(11):1822-1829

对传统的5点法相对定向算法的共面误差计算方法进行改进,提出了一种适合球面全景成像特点的相对定向计算流程。与传统方法相同,该算法首先计算本质矩阵,然后对本质矩阵进行奇异值分解得到旋转矩阵和平移矢量的候选解,最后利用重建的物方三维点坐标排除错误解。本文的贡献在于推导了球面全景共面条件公式,并使用点到核线平面的球面距离作为球面全景共面条件的误差项。模拟数据试验显示:当图像特征点的随机噪声在[-0.5,0.5]像素范围内时,3个姿态角的中误差约为0.1°,由相对定向恢复的相对平移量与模拟值的夹角中误差约为1.5°。使用车载全景相机配合POS获取的数据进行试验的结果显示:横滚角和俯仰角的中误差可以达到0.2°以内,航向角的中误差可以达到0.4°以内,由相对定向恢复的相对平移量与POS平移量的夹角中误差可以达到2°以内。采用本文相对定向算法的结果生成球面全景核线影像,提取影像之间同名点坐标并计算其列方向误差,结果显示核线影像同名点列坐标差的中误差在1个像素以内。  相似文献   

球面坐标系非连续变形分析折数学模型     

王泽民  刘经南 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2001,26(3):209-212

从球面坐标系的弹性力学基础方程出发，推导出球面上块体的位移与6个位移不变量之间的数学关系，进一步建立了联立方程式的球面坐标形式，为大范围现代地壳运动的非连续形变形下了数学基础。  相似文献   

海潮负荷潮的研究     

管泽霖  李叶才 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1992,(1)

本文讨论海水质量守恒改正和等潮图的差异对计算负荷效应的影响,并研制海潮主要分波的球谐模型。数值计算结果表明:在按Schwiderski全球1°×1°等潮数据计算中国大陆的海潮负荷效应时,须用我国更精细的近海潮汐资料对其进行修正,同时还应该进行海水质量守恒改正。用褶积和级数相结合的方法计算倾斜海潮负荷潮的精度为0.04ms。  相似文献   

球面方模板地形改正公式及其应用     

杨学祥  陈震 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1992,(4)

在给出球面圆盘重力公式的基础上,导出了便于使用高程数据库和电子计算机的球面方盘重力公式,通过实际算例,证明了该公式高精度和可用性.  相似文献   

Magsat studies over the Indian region     

B. P. Singh  Mita Rajaram 《Journal of Earth System Science》1990,99(4):619-637

Data collected by Magsat have been extensively used by Indian scientists in studies of the crust beneath India. Results obtained by various workers have been summarized and the reasons for differences in findings have been discussed. It is concluded that methods that work well for higher latitudes do not give the best estimates of crustal field and magnetization in equatorial regions. A better estimate of the crustal component is obtained when the external current contribution is estimated using the symmetry properties of associatedX and Z-fields. Inversion technique that provides stable crustal magnetization in midlatitudes, becomes unstable near the equator. Why such an instability arises and how it can be circumvented are discussed. That the Peninsular shield, the Ganga basin and the Himalayas are three different geotectonic blocks is clearly reflected in the magnetization distribution. A thick magnetic crust under Aravalli, Singhbum and Dharwar suggest these areas to be comparatively stable. In general, seismic, gravity and heat flow data agree characteristically well with the magnetization estimates.  相似文献   

地形改正与地形直接影响的转化关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马健  魏子卿  沈忱  彭克曼 《测绘科学技术学报》2017,34(3)

传统的第三边值问题的解算方法有Molodensky算法和Stokes-Helmert算法两种。在Molodensky算法中使用的地形改正和Stokes-Helmert算法中使用的直接影响均由大地水准面外地形产生,因而必然存在关系。本文通过推导给出了直接影响是地形改正、层间改正与压缩地形影响3项之和的结论。在此基础上,给出了直接影响的质量线平面积分算法、质量棱柱平面积分算法和地形改正的球面积分算法。此外本文还推导了布格球冠层间改正算法。通过实验得出,直接影响的质量线平面积分算法和质量棱柱平面积分算法与传统球面积分算法的差异分别为3.81和1.64 m Gal;地形改正球面积分算法与传统质量线、质量棱柱平面积分的差异分别为3.92和1.69 m Gal。该结果说明,本文推导的直接影响与地形改正的关系式是正确有效且实用的。  相似文献   

A study of transient responses of a submerged spherical shell under shock waves   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cho-Chung Liang  Ching-Yu Hsu  Wen-Hao Lai 《Ocean Engineering》2001,28(1):22

Based on a procedure which couples the finite element method with the doubly asymptotic approximation, this work addresses the problem of the transient responses of a submerged spherical shell subjected to strong, plane, incident shock waves, in which elastoplastic material behavior is considered. Simulation results indicate that the procedure adopted shows good agreement with related literature, which considered linear elastic behavior of the shell. Also presented herein are the time histories of surface pressure, radial velocity and von Mises stress of the shell. Moreover, deformation diagrams and spreading of the plastic zone of the shell are described as well.  相似文献   

Generation of a realistic 3D sand assembly using X‐ray micro‐computed tomography and spherical harmonic‐based principal component analysis          下载免费PDF全文

B. Zhou  J. Wang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2017,41(1):93-109

Three‐dimensional particle morphology is a significant problem in the discrete element modeling of granular sand. The major technical challenge is generating a realistic 3D sand assembly that is composed of a large number of random‐shaped particles containing essential morphological features of natural sands. Based on X‐ray micro‐computed tomography data collected from a series of image processing techniques, we used the spherical harmonics (SH) analysis to represent and reconstruct the multi‐scale features of real 3D particle morphologies. The SH analysis was extended to some highly complex particles with sharp corners and surface cavities. We then proposed a statistical approach for the generation of realistic particle assembly of a given type of sand based on the principle component analysis (PCA). The PCA aims to identify the major pattern of the coefficient matrix, which is made up of the SH coefficients of all the particles involved in the analysis. This approach takes into account the particle size effect on the variation of particle morphology, which is observed from the available results of micro‐computed tomography and QICPIC analyses of sand particle morphology. Using the aforementioned approach, two virtual sand samples were generated, whose statistics of morphological parameters were compared with those measured from real sand particles. The comparison shows that the proposed approach is capable of generating a realistic sand assembly that retains the major morphological features of the mother sand. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Linear theory of rotating fluids using spherical harmonics part I: Steady flows     

Michel Rieutord 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(3):163-182

Abstract

It is shown that a systematic development of physical quantities using spherical harmonics provides analytical solutions to a whole class of linear problems of rotating fluids.

These solutions are regular throughout the whole domain of the fluid and are not much affected by the equatorial singularity of steady boundary layers in spherical geometries.

A comparison between this method and the one based on boundary layer theory is carried out in the case of the steady spin-up of a fluid inside a sphere.  相似文献   

Transitions to chaotic thermal convection in a rapidly rotating spherical fluid shell     

Zi-Ping Sun  Gerald Schubert  Gary A. Glatzmaier 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(1-4):95-131

Abstract

Numerical simulations of thermal convection in a rapidly rotating spherical fluid shell heated from below and within have been carried out with a nonlinear, three-dimensional, time-dependent pseudospectral code. The investigated phenomena include the sequence of transitions to chaos and the differential mean zonal rotation. At the fixed Taylor number T _a =10⁶ and Prandtl number Pr=1 and with increasing Rayleigh number R, convection undergoes a series of bifurcations from onset of steadily propagating motions SP at R=R _c = 13050, to a periodic state P, and thence to a quasi-periodic state QP and a non-periodic or chaotic state NP. Examples of SP, P, QP, and NP solutions are obtained at R = 1.3R _c , R = 1.7 R _c , R = 2R _c , and R = 5 R _c , respectively. In the SP state, convection rolls propagate at a constant longitudinal phase velocity that is slower than that obtained from the linear calculation at the onset of instability. The P state, characterized by a single frequency and its harmonics, has a two-layer cellular structure in radius. Convection rolls near the upper and lower surfaces of the spherical shell both propagate in a prograde sense with respect to the rotation of the reference frame. The outer convection rolls propagate faster than those near the inner shell. The physical mechanism responsible for the time-periodic oscillations is the differential shear of the convection cells due to the mean zonal flow. Meridional transport of zonal momentum by the convection cells in turn supports the mean zonal differential rotation. In the QP state, the longitudinal wave number m of the convection pattern oscillates among m = 3,4,5, and 6; the convection pattern near the outer shell has larger m than that near the inner shell. Radial motions are very weak in the polar regions. The convection pattern also shifts in m for the NP state at R = 5R _c , whose power spectrum is characterized by broadened peaks and broadband background noise. The convection pattern near the outer shell propagates prograde, while the pattern near the inner shell propagates retrograde with respect to the basic rotation. Convection cells exist in polar regions. There is a large variation in the vigor of individual convection cells. An example of a more vigorously convecting chaotic state is obtained at R = 50R _c . At this Rayleigh number some of the convection rolls have axes perpendicular to the axis of the basic rotation, indicating a partial relaxation of the rotational constraint. There are strong convective motions in the polar regions. The longitudinally averaged mean zonal flow has an equatorial superrotation and a high latitude subrotation for all cases except R = 50R _c , at this highest Rayleigh number, the mean zonal flow pattern is completely reversed, opposite to the solar differential rotation pattern.  相似文献